Belantamab Mafodotin/Lenalidomide Maintenance Displays Manageable Eye Toxicity Profile in Newly Diagnosed Myeloma

Treatment with 2 years of belantamab mafodotin-blmf (Blenrep) plus lenalidomide (Revlimid) maintenance therapy demonstrated an expected safety profile and generated high response rates in transplant-eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, according to findings from the updated analysis of the phase 2 GEM-Bela-VRd trial (NCT04802356) of belantamab mafodotin plus bortezomib (Velcade), lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (VRd), which were presented at the 22nd Annual International Myeloma Society (IMS) Meeting and Exposition.1

Ocular toxicities that arose among patients in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population with normal baseline visual acuity (n = 43) during belantamab mafodotin/lenalidomide maintenance therapy were blurred vision (51.2%) and vision impairment (9.3%). Onset of blurred vision occurred during the first and second years of maintenance therapy in 86.3% and 13.6% of patients with this adverse effect (AE), respectively. The median time to improvement of blurred vision to grade 2 or lower was 91 days (range, 23-394). In total, 27.2% of patients with blurred vision were lost to follow-up. Blurred vision events resolved in all evaluable patients, and the median time to resolution was 102 days (range, 28-476).

Onset of vision impairment occurred during the first and second years of maintenance therapy in 75.0% and 25.0% of patients with this AE, respectively. The median time to improvement of vision impairment to grade 2 or lower was 98 days (range, 28-244). Blurred vision events resolved in all evaluable patients, and the median time to resolution was 196 days (range, 28-244).

In total, eye-related AEs led to dose reductions or delays in 41 patients. The rates of patients requiring at least 1 belantamab mafodotin dose modification, dose delay, or discontinuation due to toxicity were 92.7%, 92.7%, and 26.8%, respectively. Patients received a median of 6 cycles of belantamab mafodotin (range, 0-12). The median relative dose intensity of belantamab mafodotin was 36.8% (range, 0%-83.3%).

“Maintenance with 2 years of belantamab mafodotin and continuous lenalidomide in [patients with] transplant-eligible, newly diagnosed multiple myeloma [demonstrated] a safety profile consistent with previous studies with lenalidomide maintenance and belantamab mafodotin combinations,” Veronica González-Calle, MD, PhD, said in the presentation.

González-Calleis a hematologist in the myeloma unit in the Department of Hematology, at the University Hospital of Salamanca (HUSAL), IBSAL, IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), CIBERONC in Spain.

What Was the Design of the GEM-Bela-VRd Study?

The open-label, multicenter, nonrandomized, single-arm trial enrolled patients at least 18 years of age with symptomatic and measurable newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, and an ECOG performance status of 0 to 2.2 In the induction phase, patients received 6 cycles of belantamab mafodotin at 2.5 mg/kg every 8 weeks plus VRd (bortezomib at 1.3 mg/m2 on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 of each cycle; lenalidomide at 25 mg per day on days 1 to 21; and dexamethasone on days 1 to 4 and 9 to 12).1 In the consolidation phase, patients received belantamab mafodotin at the same dose level during cycle 1 plus VRd at the same dose levels for 2 cycles. During the maintenance phase, patients received belantamab mafodotin at 1.9 mg/kg every 8 weeks until progressive disease (PD), patient withdrawal, or death for up to 2 years as maintenance therapy; plus lenalidomide at 10 mg/kg on days 1 to 28, with the option to increase up to 15 mg/kg, continuously until PD or patient withdrawal.

Safety, including eye-related AEs, served as the primary end point. Key secondary end points included overall response rate (ORR); complete response (CR) rate; minimal residual disease (MRD)–negativity rates after induction, consolidation, and maintenance; efficiency of CD34-positive cell collection; progression-free survival (PFS); and overall survival (OS).

GEM-Bela-VRd enrolled 50 patients, all of whom received induction therapy. In total, 46 patients underwent autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT), and 45 patients received consolidation therapy. Eighty-two percent, 74%, and 66% of patients received 1, 13, and 25 cycles of maintenance therapy, respectively.

Initial findings from GEM-Bela-VRd showed that the addition of belantamab mafodotin to VRd generated deep responses. The CR rates were 36% following induction therapy, 56% following ASCT, and 70% following consolidation therapy. Additionally, among MRD-evaluable patients, MRD negativity was reached in 61%, 69%, and 84% following induction therapy, ASCT, and consolidation therapy, respectively.

At a clinical cutoff date of July 1, 2025, 4 patients had discontinued induction therapy due to death (COVID-19, n = 2; GI toxicity, n = 1; disease progression, n = 1), 1 patient had discontinued ASCT due to toxicity (toxic pneumonitis), and 4 patients had discontinued consolidation therapy due to death (COVID-19, n = 3; sepsis, n = 1) and patient withdrawal (n = 1). In the maintenance phase, during cycles 1 through 12, 4 patients discontinued therapy due to toxicity (n = 2; infection and neutropenia), patient withdrawal (n = 1), and unknown death (n = 1). During maintenance cycles 13 through 24, 4 patients discontinued therapy due to toxicity (n = 2; COVID-19 and cytopenias) and disease progression (n = 2). During maintenance cycle 25 and beyond, 1 patient had discontinued therapy due to recurrent respiratory infections.

What Additional Updated Safety Data Were Seen in GEM-Bela-VRd?

AEs that occurred in the ITT population during the first year of belantamab mafodotin/lenalidomide maintenance therapy included thrombocytopenia (any-grade, 34%; grade ≥3, 14%); neutropenia (54%; 36%); anemia (8%; 4%); infections (76%; 26%) including respiratory infections (52%; 18%) like pneumonia (8%; 6%) and COVID-19 (18%; 8%), urinary infections (4%; 0%), catheter infections (2%; 2%), acute gastroenteritis (12%; 4%), and other infections (6%; 2%); peripheral neuropathy (6%; 0%); rash (8%; 0%), and gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities (32%; 6%) including diarrhea (20%; 4%), constipation (4%; 0%), and nausea (8%; 2%). AEs that occurred in the ITT population during the second year of belantamab mafodotin/lenalidomide maintenance therapy included thrombocytopenia (any-grade, 26%; grade ≥ 3, 12%); neutropenia (48%; 22%); anemia (2%; 0%); infections (66%; 12%) including respiratory infections (44%; 8%) like COVID-19 (14%; 0%), urinary infections (4%; 0%), acute gastroenteritis (10%; 2%), and other infections (8%; 2%); peripheral neuropathy (2%; 0%); rash (4%; 0%), and GI toxicities (22%; 4%), including diarrhea (22%; 4%).

What Updated Efficacy Data Were Seen in GEM-Bela-VRd?

Maintenance therapy with belantamab mafodotin plus lenalidomide led to improved depth of response. At a median follow-up of 40.0 months (range, 36.2-49.0), the ORR was 96%, including best responses of CR (80%), very good partial response (VGPR; 12%), PR (4%), and SD (2%). After 1 year of maintenance therapy, the ORR was 94%, including best responses of CR (80%), VGPR (11%), PR (4%), and stable disease (SD; 2%). After 2 years of maintenance therapy, the ORR was 90%, including best responses of CR (78%), VGPR (10%), PR (2%), and SD (2%).

In comparison, the response rates at earlier study time points were as follows:

  • After induction: ORR, 96%; CR 38%;, VGPR, 44%; PR, 14%; and SD, 2%
  • After ASCT: ORR, 94%; CR, 54%; VGPR, 32%; PR, 8%; and SD, 2%
  • After consolidation: ORR, 94%; CR, 68%; VGPR, 18%; PR, 8%; and SD, 2%

Among MRD-evaluable patients, the rates of MRD negativity improved during maintenance therapy. The overall rate of MRD negativity was 88.0% (n = 44/50). After the first and second years of maintenance, this rate was 91.9% (n = 34.37) and 93.9% (n = 31/33), respectively.

In comparison, the MRD negativity rates at earlier study time points were as follows:

  • After induction: 60.9% (n = 28/46)
  • After ASCT: 73.3% (n = 33/45)
  • After consolidation: 87.8% (n = 36/41)

Only 3 patients relapsed or progressed, translating to a 36-month PFS rate of 78%. Additionally, 10 patients died due to PD (n = 2), infection (COVID-19, n = 4; sepsis, n = 1), inflammatory colitis (n = 1), unknown reason (n = 1), and unrelated reason (n = 1), translating to a 36-month OS rate of 82%.

The addition of belantamab mafodotin to lenalidomide maintenance therapy also benefitted patients with high-risk cytogenetics. In total, 30.4% of patients had high-risk cytogenetics. Best responses in these patients included CR or better (86%), VGPR (14%), disease progression (7%), and death (n = 7). After the first year of maintenance, 3 of these patients were lost to follow-up; the remaining 11 patients all achieved MRD negativity. After the second year of maintenance, 4 total patients had been lost to follow-up; 9 of the remaining 10 patients achieved MRD negativity, and the remaining 1 patient had a conversion from MRD negativity to MRD positivity.

Among high-risk and standard-risk patients, the 36-month PFS rates were 93% and 78%, respectively. The respective 36-month OS rates were also 93% and 78%.

“These findings support further evaluation of benaltamab mafodotin in the frontline setting in [patients] transplant-eligible, newly diagnosed multiple myeloma,” González-Calle concluded.

References

  1. González-Calle V, Puig N, Ocio EM, et al. Final analysis of the GEM-BELA-VRd phase II trial: belantamab mafodotin plus VRd in newly diagnosed transplant-eligible myeloma after 2 years of maintenance with belantamab and lenalidomide.Presented at the 22nd Annual International Myeloma Society Meeting and Exposition; September 17-20, 2025; Toronto, Canada. Abstract OA-48.
  2. Belantamab mafodotin in newly diagnosed transplant eligible multiple myeloma patients. ClinicalTrials.gov. Updated December 6, 2021. Accessed September 20, 2025. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04802356

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