Introduction
Bone mineral density (BMD), measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), is a key indicator of bone health and potential fracture risk across various populations.1 A decline in BMD increases susceptibility to fractures,…

Bone mineral density (BMD), measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), is a key indicator of bone health and potential fracture risk across various populations.1 A decline in BMD increases susceptibility to fractures,…