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  • Trump Says Hassett, Warsh and Waller Are Finalists For Fed Chair – Bloomberg

    1. Trump Says Hassett, Warsh and Waller Are Finalists For Fed Chair  Bloomberg
    2. The Impending Fed Chair Transition and Its Impact on Mortgage and Bond Markets  AInvest
    3. Hassett and Bessent among Trump’s picks for next US Fed Chairman  India Today
    4. Trump says NEC director Hassett is on short list for Fed chair  TradingView
    5. Trump’s short list for Fed: Hassett, Warsh and Waller  Reuters

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  • Steve Ballmer’s Role in Alleged Kawhi Leonard Scandal Doesn’t Add Up

    Steve Ballmer’s Role in Alleged Kawhi Leonard Scandal Doesn’t Add Up

    Even in an NBA world that thrives on juicy stories, this one is a hell of a squeeze: According to journalist Pablo Torre, the Clippers allegedly funneled $28 million to star Kawhi Leonard through a team sponsor to circumvent the salary cap.

    Clippers owner Steve Ballmer invested $50 million in Aspiration, Aspiration signed Leonard to a $28 million no-show contract, and now, thanks to the Pablo Torre Finds Out podcast, we have ourselves a major scandal.

    But do we, really?

    I’m dubious.

    I won’t question Torre’s intentions, just his conclusions.

    The NBA is buzzing about this, understandably. The allegations sparked comparisons to the Timberwolves’ salary-cap violations from a generation ago. Then-NBA commissioner David Stern docked the Wolves five first-round picks (one was later restored) for an illegal agreement with forward Joe Smith.

    But if you are going to use the comparison as a basis for possible penalties, you should also compare the alleged crimes.

    Minnesota circumvented the cap to sign a player they never would have otherwise been able to sign. Smith signed ridiculously below-market salaries with the promise the Wolves would make it up to him down the road.

    The Clippers signed their own free agent to an extension, for more money than anybody else could offer him.

    In the summer of 2021, Leonard could have picked up his $36 million player option for the 2021–22 season. Instead, he opted out, which made him a free agent. Any team with enough cap space could have tried to sign him. The starting salary would have been $39.34 million, the same number the Clippers offered. But because the NBA’s 2017 collective bargaining agreement was designed to incentivize players to stay with their current teams, the Clippers could offer larger annual increases than any other team.

    The Clippers signed Leonard to a four-year, $176.3 million deal, which was more than $7 million more than any other team could offer him. That included a $48.78 million player option in the last year—which was, of course, to Leonard’s benefit.

    Leonard is a Southern California native. He had just torn his ACL, and he had a significant history of injuries and of coming back from those injuries on his own timetable, regardless of what his employer wanted. (That was one reason his relationship with the Spurs deteriorated.) Leonard ended up missing the first year of his new contract, which was predictable. This meant that over the first three years of the deal, the Clippers paid Leonard $127 million for only two seasons of play. After that, he could opt out—which he did.

    Leonard’s first Clippers deal, in 2019, was a three-year max deal with an opt out after two years. There is no evidence he gave the Clippers any kind of wink-wink discount at any point. Until this week, the common criticism of Leonard’s Clippers tenure was that he got paid too much for playing too little.

    In 1998, the Timberwolves signed Joe Smith to a one-year, $1.75 million contract with an illegal promise of $86 million down the road.

    These two situations are just not comparable.

    Now, if the Clippers funneled money to their star through another company, it would still be a salary-cap violation, even if doing so gained them no real advantage. If that happened, NBA commissioner Adam Silver should absolutely penalize the Clippers. Not five first-round picks. But there should be penalties.

    There is, after all, still the matter of Leonard signing a four-year, $28 million contract with Aspiration that allowed him to do basically nothing. The contract, as Torre reported, was only valid for as long as he remained a Clipper.

    We will see what Silver finds. I am skeptical he will find much, though.

    Los Angeles Clippers forward Kawhi Leonard (2) warms up before a playoff game against the Denver Nuggets.

    Leonard, who reportedly signed a $28 million no-show endorsement deal with Aspiration, remains under contract with the Clippers through 2027. / Ron Chenoy-Imagn Images

    Consider the parties involved here.

    I’ve covered sports long enough to understand that sometimes highly competitive people cheat. As we just covered, the Clippers had limited incentive to do so. But let’s imagine that Ballmer is so committed to pleasing his stars that he wanted to funnel an extra $28 million to Leonard, on top of the $176 million he already promised him.

    If Ballmer wanted to do that, why would he do it like this?

    Ballmer invested $50 million in Aspiration. Torre reported Leonard received $28 million. Later, Boston Sports Journal reported Leonard received an additional $20 million in a side deal with Aspiration. Those numbers almost add up. But that doesn’t mean the story does.

    If Ballmer committed salary-cap violations, he would presumably want plausible deniability. This, in theory, is why Ballmer directed the money through Aspiration rather than just write Leonard a $28 million (or $48 million) check. But in 2021, the Clippers announced a $300 million deal with Aspiration, which included putting the company’s logo on Clippers jerseys. If you were circumventing the salary cap, would you do it through a company whose logo was on your team jerseys?

    As longtime Mavericks owner Mark Cuban pointed out this week, if Ballmer violated rules, he would worry about being caught, and he would have rescued Aspiration to avoid public scrutiny. Ballmer obviously has the money to do it. Instead, the company failed.

    Joseph Sanberg, the company’s founder, pleaded guilty to two counts of wire fraud. His plea agreement says he defrauded victims of $248 million. The criminal complaint says Sanberg convinced companies to loan him money, with his stakes in Aspiration as collateral. If Sanberg defaulted on the loans, his co-conspirator Ibrahim Ameen AlHusseini would buy those stakes to repay the loans. But AlHusseini didn’t have the money to do that. He and Sanberg falsified documents to make it look like he did.

    I’m just spitballing here: If Leonard’s $28 million no-show endorsement deal was a fraud, do you think maybe we should blame the fraudsters who signed him to it?

    It would be a big mistake to view all parties in this situation as equally responsible, equally rational actors. They aren’t.

    When Ballmer says he had no idea how Aspiration operated, he might sound like he is playing dumb. But if he did know how Aspiration operated, he wouldn’t have done business with them at all.

    Leonard is a superstar who likes to get paid. It is quite easy to believe that if somebody offered him a sweetheart $28 million endorsement deal, with no real obligations, he would sign it. Most athletes would.

    That deal is raising eyebrows now, because who pays a guy $7 million a year to do nothing? It’s fiscal insanity—but everything Sanberg and AlHusseini did was fiscal insanity.

    Yes, you say, but in this case, they were ones paying, not the ones getting paid.

    This is true. I don’t know exactly why they did it. Maybe they were paying for legitimacy: They could go to investors and say, “Hey, look, Kawhi Leonard is working with us.” If that was their motivation, they didn’t need Leonard to do anything; they just needed to show he was in business with them.

    Maybe Ballmer was their target, not their co-conspirator. Instead of Ballmer trying to keep Leonard happy, Sanberg and AlHusseini were trying to keep Ballmer from asking too many questions. What better way to look like they really had money than to lavish some upon Ballmer’s most high-profile employee?

    As for the clause that would void the contract if Leonard left for another team: That is not as strange as it sounds. I have not seen LeBron James’s Nike deal, but I can assure you that Nike thinks having James play for the Lakers is more lucrative than if he played for the Pelicans, and that James and his agent Rich Paul know how Nike feels.

    Aspiration was not Nike, obviously. But if they were using Leonard for legitimacy with Ballmer, or with potential investors/suckers based in L.A., then of course they would want him wearing an L.A. jersey with the Aspiration logo.

    Sure, former Aspiration employees told Torre this was all done to circumvent the salary cap. Well, they worked for a fraudulent company. Shifting the fraud onto anybody outside of the company is obviously in their best interests.

    If Ballmer ever wanted to pay a superstar under the table, the time to do it would not have been in 2021, when he signed an injured Leonard for more money than anybody else could offer. It would have been under the NBA’s new CBA, which was signed in 2023 and has much harsher penalties for high payrolls.

    In 2024, Clippers star Paul George wanted to stay in L.A., but the Clippers were wary of meeting his number because they wanted flexibility. Ballmer could have funneled money to George. Instead, the Clippers held firm and George signed with the 76ers.

    Again: Silver has to investigate this thoroughly. He will have access to a ton of information, including contracts and legal filings. If Ballmer is guilty, this will be hard to cover up—and his public protests should only make Silver angrier.

    We’ll see where this ends up. But if you think these two admitted felons were accomplices in Steve Ballmer’s scheme, I’ve got some shares in Aspiration I’d like to sell you.

    More NBA on Sports Illustrated

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  • First Look At Episode 1 Of ABC Series

    First Look At Episode 1 Of ABC Series

    9-1-1: Nashville is set to expand the 9-1-1 universe when the spinoff series premieres on October 9 at 9 p.m. ET on ABC.

    The first responders procedural stars Chris O’Donnell, Jessica Capshaw, Michael Provost, Hailey Kilgore, Juani Feliz, Hunter McVey, LeAnn Rimes, and Kimberly Williams-Paisley.

    Created by Ryan Murphy, Tim Minear, and Rashad Raisani, 9-1-1: Nashville is described as a high-octane procedural about our heroic first responders, as well as their family saga of power and glamour set in one of America’s most diverse and dynamic cities.

    RELATED: ‘9-1-1: Nashville’ Cast: First-Look Photos Of ABC Spinoff Series

    ABC has released photos from Episode 1 of the series premiere, where eager fans of the 9-1-1 universe can get a sneak peek of what’s to come in 9-1-1: Nashville.

    O’Donnell is set to play Captain Don Sharpe, a veteran firefighter and former rodeo star who leads the Nashville firehouse alongside his modern-day cowboy son Ryan, played by Provost. Capshaw plays Blythe Sharpe, Don’s wife and the mother of Ryan.

    Kilgore is set to bring Taylor Thompson to life, a firefighter who is also a singer. Feliz plays Roxie Alba, a firefighter who is a former trauma surgeon and an adrenaline junkie.

    RELATED: ‘9-1-1: Nashville’: ABC Spinoff Unveils Explosive New Teaser

    Country star LeAnn Rimes will play Dixie Bennings, mother of Blue (McVey), a firefighter and former stripper. Father of the Bride star Kimberly Williams-Paisley will play Cammie Raleigh, a 911 dispatcher.

    20th Television, in association with Ryan Murphy Television, will produce the series. Murphy, Tim Minear, and Rashad Raisani will serve as executive producers and writers, with Chris O’Donnell, Brad Buecker, Brad Falchuk, and Angela Bassett also executive producing. Raisani serves as showrunner.

    Scroll through the photo gallery below for a preview of 9-1-1: Nashville.

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  • Robinhood to join S&P 500 in watershed moment for US fintech sector – Reuters

    1. Robinhood to join S&P 500 in watershed moment for US fintech sector  Reuters
    2. Why Was Strategy Axed From The S&P 500 ?  Cointribune
    3. AppLovin, Robinhood, and Emcor to Join S&P 500 Index. Strategy Didn’t Make the Cut.  Barron’s
    4. Strategy’s Saylor Reacts to Stunning MSTR S&P 500 Rejection  TradingView
    5. Strategy Meets Requirements for S&P 500 Inclusion, Awaits Committee Decision  Blockonomi

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  • Who can get a COVID vaccine—and how? It’s complicated.

    Who can get a COVID vaccine—and how? It’s complicated.

    For these people, regardless of what state they are in, getting the vaccine would mean a pharmacist or doctor would have to go “off-label” to provide it.

    “It’s very gray on how a pharmacist may proceed in that scenario,” Groves told Ars. Going off-label could open pharmacists up to liability concerns, she said. And even if a patient can obtain a prescription for an off-label vaccine, that still may not be enough to allow a pharmacist to administer the vaccine.

    “Pharmacists have something called ‘corresponding responsibility,’ Groves explained. “So even if a physician, or a nurse practitioner, or whomever may send a prescription over for that vaccine, that pharmacist still has that responsibility to ensure this is the right medication, for the right patient, at the right time, and that they’re indicated for it,” she said. So, it would still be going outside what they’re technically authorized to do.

    Doctors, on the other hand, can administer vaccines off-label, which they might do if they choose to follow guidance from medical organizations like AAP and ACOG, or if they think it’s best for their patient. They can do this without any heightened professional liability, contrary to some suggestions Kennedy has made (doctors prescribe things off-label all the time). But, people may have to schedule an appointment with their doctor and convince them to provide the shot—a situation far less convenient than strolling into a local pharmacy. Also, since pharmacies have provided the vast majority of COVID-19 vaccines so far, some doctors’ offices may not have them on hand.

    Pregnancy

    It’s unclear if pregnancy still falls under the FDA’s criteria for a high-risk condition. It was included in the list that FDA officials published in May. However, the agency did not make that list official when it changed the vaccine labels last month. Some experts have suggested that, in this case, the qualifying high-risk conditions default to the CDC’s existing list of high-risk conditions, which includes pregnancy. But it’s not entirely clear.

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  • A Tale of knock-off titles and corruption in boxing

    A Tale of knock-off titles and corruption in boxing


    KARACHI:

    Fake it till you make it: is a horrid adage; it is confusing and permits a person to be inauthentic, even if it is to have a positive effect on one’s psyche.  

    Boxer Usman Wazeer is a great example of living by the adage, except he is found faking it, and despite what looks like a success on his part, it is turning out to be a superficial one with a bunch of bogus titles.

    The 25-year-old is also a recipient of the Presidential Award 2024  (Tamgha e Imtiaz), and that alone shows that no one in the government really cares about who they are honouring, either; their lack of diligence is exemplary.

    Wazeer has found a reasonable following on social media too, where is boasts about the 17-0 undefeated record in professional boxing. 

    Through his socail media, it is evident that he is advertising himself to be the sole winner of belts, that are won in Dubai (4), in differnt cities of Pakistan (5), in Philippines (2) but mostly in Bangkok (6), Thailand, that is notorious  for hosting fixed fights in boxing, Mixed Martial Arts and Muay Thai.

    The gaps in awareness when it comes to boxing in Pakistan were on full display last week, when Wazeer claimed the World Boxing Council (WBC) Oriental and Pacific Boxing Federation (OPBF) super welterweight silver title in Bangkok, Thailand, in a bout against a 44-year-old Indonesian boxer, judge, and promoter Stevie Ongen Ferdinandus.

    As if that is not enough to raise eyebrows, the bouts for the said title, for which Wazeer is lauded so profusely, have only ever occurred twice before, once in 2017 and another in 2018, according to Boxrec.

    And even then, it only says that the title is for the regional OPBF and now WBC. 

    After that, Wazeer is the first person to take this title, which makes it questionable, as this is not the bout either promoted on the Japan-based OPBF website, and neither on the WBC website.

    In fact, when The Express Tribune reached out to the OPBF to confirm Wazeer’s title win, they never replied or clarified.

    Similarly, when one checked the WBC website and the posts from August, nowhere is Wazeer mentioned, nor is his bout promoted.

    The only mention of Wazeer on OPBF website is in their regional rating for August, where he is on fourth place in his weight category.

    Wazeer, also known as Asian Boy, has to clarify details about his career, not only to the boxing fans and people who are being tricked into believing that he indeed is the only Pakistani boxer to win accolades in professional bouts, to the sponsors who have supported him.

    When The Express Tribune reached out to Wazeer with obvious question, he never replied, either.
     

    However, it has been reported in Pamir Times, where the publication incorrectly wrote that he won a WBC title, Wazeer hit back on the Pakistan Boxing Federation (affliated by the Pakistan Olympic Association and the International Olympic Committee, and is responsible for amateur boxers) and another promotional body Pakistan Pro-Green Boxing Federation (PGBF). 

    In the local press in Gilgit-Baltistan, he dismissed the concerns as just ‘boxing politics’ upon his return from Thailand. And it can be that, but it can also be true that he has been taking on bouts that are carefully planned and are fought against the journeymen. 

    Wazeer’s record is against weak boxers

    If one starts to look at Wazeer’s 17 bouts and the opponents, it can be observed that his opponents are either ranked very poorly on reputed boxing resources like Boxrec or not rated at all.

    For example, the rating of a boxer on Boxrec shows the quality of the opponents and the fights for each boxer.

    Wazeer is rated two and a half stars.

    His latest opponent Ferdinandus, is rated one star, and this is a title bout for the OPBF Super Welterweight.
    Wazeer’s strongest opponent so far was Fikiri Salum Mohamed that he took on for the World Boxing Organisation (WBO) Youth Welterweight title defence in 2023 bout that took place in Pakistan, but the Tanzanian too is rated just two and a half stars, while the bout in which he won the title for was against Thailand’s Phatiphan Krungklang, who is rated a half star.

    His three opponents from 2020 to 2021 in the Asian Boxing Federation welterweight title bouts, Boido Simanjuntak, Carlos Lopez, and Ramadhan Weriuw, are not even rated properly.

    Absence of any national title

    Wazeer’s name is not found in any of the four legitimate world boxing ratings, and when The Express Tribune tried to find his national record, the Pakistan Boxing Federation (PBF) gave details of only one bout.

    “Wazeer has appeared in only one domestic event, which was in 2015, it was an inter-provincial championship, where he lost to a boxer from Sindh named Balach. 

    “We have not been able to trace any other fights of Wazeer’s. He is not a great boxer because, had he been worth his salt, he would’ve won at some national championships. 

    “Pakistan has a lot of raw talent in boxing, and the top pugilists are usually scouted by the Army and Wapda, and the departments really take them forward. But Wazeer does not even have enough talent to compete at an amateur level, how can he be claiming these professional titles?” said the PBF secretary, Major Irfan Younis.

    And he is fair in questioning Wazeer’s credentials, as most of the quality boxers who turn pro go through the process of competing at amateur competitions that pave the way to the Olympics and other regional games.

    In many ways, amateur boxing is considered to be more transparent but less lucrative than professional boxing.

    “If you look at Muhammad Waseem’s example, you can see he was a champion, through and through, he won the gold at World Combat Games, he won gold at the Commonwealth Games and South Asian Games, and medals at the Asian Games before turning pro, you can see the journeys of other boxers too, and you will see that there are legitimate records where they perform at amateur level and then graduate to pro.

    “It hurts the sport for other Pakistani boxers who are taking the legitimate routes, but they do not get even a penny from the government, while boxers like Wazeer, who are manufactured champions, get funded by the government. It is absolutely unfair. I have nothing against him personally, but it is wrong information to say he won a WBC title and claim these fights to be legitimate.”

    Pakistan’s solitary Olympic medal winner, Shah Hussain, too, only turned pro after grabbing the bronze medal at the Seoul Games 1988.

    But even he could not make much of his name in professional boxing,because at the elite level, the game is just that competitive and ruthless.

    To put things into context, Wazeer’s record to remain undefeated for 17 bouts would actually make him out to be more impressive than Manny Pacquiao’s in his first 17 fights, but it is about the quality of those bouts that matters.

    Recognition from the government 

    On the back of the record of these 17 wins, with 12 knockouts Wazeer has often appealed to the government for support and he did recieve Rs one million in 2022, while in May 2025 the Chief Minister Sindh Syed Murad Ali Shah also honoured Wazeer for defeating an Indian opponent Eswaran S, who has only appeared in six pro bouts and has a Boxrec rating of half a star.

    Wazeer also received the Presidential Award in 2024. He has also managed to get sponsors, while the real talent who are winning and losing through legitimate bouts are ignored in the presence of fake success.

    Legitimacy of Wazeer’s bouts and how the bouts are fixed

    The boxing insiders, including a top coach from the United Kingdom, Danny Vaughan, alluded that titles such as Wazeer’s are often bought with money.

    “These boxers win versions of different titles that are useless, and these boxers are not even in the top 50 or 100 on the official ratings; most of these fights are fixed and don’t hold any worth,” Vaughan told The Express Tribune.

    Vaughan’s pupil since 2018, Waseem, who has an extensive experience in amateur boxing and then in professional boxing, being the WBC Flyweight Silver Champion in 2016 and the current World Boxing Assocaiton Gold World Champion, added that as corrupt the boxing world is, there are bouts that are fixed with weaker opponents often and the organiser recieves money from the boxers to hold those fights.

    “At the end of it all, it is a vanity project for such boxers, because they know they are not genuine, and their opponents are often weak, and they pay money for these bouts in Thailand and elsewhere. This kind of activity used to happen in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, but now they have banned it,” said Waseem.

    “If you are to ask these smaller bodies about the fights, they would never admit or deny anything, because they take money for these bouts.

    “But then there are real boxers who really put their lives on the line for this game. We really work hard and go against all the odds to actually win fairly and squarely, and I feel it is unfair to us. It is also unfair to the boxers who are honest. And this kind of trend in Pakistan is also corrupting the aspiring boxers, because they think this is an easy way to get fame and money, without actually fighting in highly competitive bouts. 

    “There are many boxers who are following Wazeer’s example now, and all of this would have been great if it were not fake,” added the Quetta-born boxer who has extensively trained abroad, including a peroid with Floyd Mayweather’s uncle Jeff Mayweather at their gym.

    Some education on boxing bodies

    “These titles hold no clout; they are mocking the game of boxing,” said Vaughan on the phone when asked about his expert opinion on the title that Wazeer has won. 

    Vaughan is deeply connected to the game and business of boxing, with a long line of boxers and boxing coaches in the family, including his father and brother.

    Vaughan claims to be from a boxing heritage that goes back to the 1800s.

    The Liverpudlian has been a boxing coach who is responsible for training world, Commonwealth, and Olympic champions alongside his father.

    He says in his experience spanning over 35 years, he has never seen these titles to be worth any recognition. 

    He is also the coach of the first Pakistani boxer to claim a WBC title, Waseem, who was dually recognised and ranked by WBC on their monthly rating over the years, and his bouts were featured on their main news section on their website for claiming and defending the WBC Silver Flyweight title in 2016.

    Vaughan was side by side when Waseem fought the International Boxing Federation (IBF) World Champion Sunny Edwards for the WBC Flyweight World Championship title.

    Since then, he fought legitimate bouts and has claimed the World Boxing Association’s Gold Bantamweight World title in May 2025 with a pro record of 16 bouts, 10 wins through Knockouts out of 14 and only two losses, including the one against Edwards in 2022.

    “Waseem is a superstar, people respect him, he is known all over the world, and I feel these people are benefiting from what he did. But he is doing his best to educate people in Pakistan about it, on the government level as well.

    “It is frustrating to see that these boxers are getting fake titles in Thailand and then claiming that they are champions so that they can get the money from the government. They are cheating the game, the fans, and the government.

    “There are four main boxing bodies in the world: the WBC, the IBF, the WBA, and the WBO. These are the bodies that sanction fights, and they are recognised; the rest do not matter, those belts are bogus,” explained Vaughan.

    “The WBC and other bodies don’t even know these boxers who claim to have these belts.”
    Vaughan further elaborated that this kind of corruption and fake titles cannot be tolerated in the UK, as there is a British Boxing Board of Control that regulates and governs the professional boxers, and if any boxer tried to pull this off, they would get caught immediately.

    Bad treatment and lack of support for athletes

    Pakistan has a record of not valuing its boxers and other non-cricket-playing athletes, and in a country where basic sports facilities are not available, and a boxing federation that has a history of infighting among the officials and a strong propensity for favouritism, discrimination, and nepotism, it is no surprise that aspiring boxers take shortcuts. After all, who would not want to change their life through the sport they love?

    The practices these boxers are adopting are a symptom of a deeper systemic, institutional, and cultural problem where athletes are treated as labourers or often less than.

    The only way to stop the corruption in boxing, for starters, is to have transparency and accountability, to form a national regulatory body for the professional game, and to form a proper pathway that can provide opportunities for boxers to pursue careers in amateur and pro boxing.

    There are many boxers who want to improve their lives through the sport, and often they end up doing wrong things because they are a product of a very broken system that allows them to be manipulated and fall prey to corrupt elements, be it what Wazeer is doing, or the example of Aliya Soomro, who fought in a fight in Thailand and returned to Karachi claiming she is the first Pakistani woman to win and international title, or legitimate talent ike Asian bronze medallist Zohaib Rasheed, who disappeared in Italy while participating at the Paris Olympics qualifiers.

     

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  • SCO Summit Focuses on Shaping Emerging Frontiers

    Executive Summary:

    • The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is an increasingly important vehicle through which the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) seeks to drive changes to the international system. This year’s summit focused on seizing the current moment to shape rules and standards in emerging frontiers, such as artificial intelligence (AI), cyberspace, and outer space.
    • CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping used the summit to unveil the Global Governance Initiative—the fourth such initiative he has announced in recent years. While currently short on substance, it is symbolic as a statement of intent for shaping an international order in the Party’s own image.
    • The SCO claims that it is not an anti-Western organization that seeks reform, not revision, of the international system. The Tianjin Declaration’s explicit and implicit criticisms of the United States, as well as SCO member states’ ongoing violations of international law in ways that undermine the current system, suggests that such claims are largely rhetorical.

    “Profound changes in international relations have taken place.” “In a spirit of partnership, the Parties shall strive to promote the multipolarization of the world and the establishment of a new international order.” These are quotes not from last week, but from 1997. They can be found in the “Russian-Chinese Joint Declaration on a Multipolar World and the Establishment of a New International Order,” a foundational document of what later became the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) (UN Digital Library, May 20, 1997). In the nearly three decades since, the leadership in both countries has remained remarkably consistent on this assessment, and in their commitment to bringing this new order into existence. By the time presidents Vladimir Putin and Xi Jinping arrived in the Kazakhstan for last year’s SCO summit, they felt comfortable declaring that the multipolar world “has become a reality” (Kremlin.ru, July 4, 2024).

    The SCO, in Xi’s view, is an increasingly important vehicle through which the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) seeks to drive changes to the international system. It is, in the words of the 2024 Astana Declaration, “one of the key multilateral organizations in a multipolar world” (多极世界中重要的多边组织之一) (SCO, July 4, 2024). Events in northern China over in recent days appear to provide further grist for these narratives, with a successful summit in Tianjin—including a visit, for the first time in seven years, by India’s prime minister Narendra Modi—culminating later in the week with a military parade to commemorate the Second World War (China Brief, August 27). [1]

    Concrete outcomes from the summit are difficult to assess, however, despite the triumphal pageantry. While Xi was keen to announce a tranche of smaller-scale goodies for the SCO’s ever-expanding membership, key details regarding the more significant agreements signed are yet to be disclosed. These include approval for an SCO development bank, finally greenlit after the PRC first proposed the idea over a decade ago, as well as an “SCO 10-Year (2026–2035) Development Strategy” (上合组织未来10年 (2026–2035年) 发展战略) (People’s Daily, September 2). An arguably more significant outcome was a symbolic one. Xi used the occasion to unveil a new foreign policy framework, the Global Governance Initiative (GGI; 全球治理倡议), which represents another milestone in the PRC’s attempts to exert normative influence over the international system (Ministry of Foreign Affairs [MFA], September 1). In addition, speeches and documents from the summit indicate an ambition to seize the current moment and shape rules and standards in emerging frontiers, such as artificial intelligence (AI), cyberspace, and outer space.

    SCO Calls for Global Governance Reform, Targeting the United States

    In a speech delivered at the 25th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the SCO, Xi talked up the original aims of the organization in enhancing security cooperation, announcing four new security centers while declaring that members’ extensive borders had been turned into a “bond of friendship, mutual trust, and cooperation” (MFA; Jiemian, September 1). This optimistic gloss was undermined, however, by the India-Pakistan border war in May, an exchange of fire between Tajik border guards and Taliban fighters near a Chinese gold mining operation in August, and unresolved tensions on the Sino-India border following a deadly clash in 2020—a reminder of persistent distrust among SCO member states (The Times of Central Asia, September 2).

    The SCO’s ambitions have expanded considerably over the course of its existence. The Tianjin Declaration (天津宣言) signed at this year’s summit was framed more broadly in terms of building a “more representative, democratic, and just multipolar world” (更具代表性、更加民主公正的多极世界). Careful to avoid accusations that the co-signatories of the declaration reflect revisionist approaches to the international system, these ambitions are articulated as being centered on the United Nations, and specifically in the principles enshrined in the UN Charter. While the declaration assesses that the UN needs reform in order to adapt to “the needs of modern political and economic realities” (当今政治和经济现实需要), the GGI concept paper points out that this “does not mean to overturn the existing international order or to create another framework outside the current international system” (不是对现有国际秩序的推倒重来,也不是在现行国际体系之外的另起炉灶).

    Despite SCO members often framing the organization as not anti-American or anti-Western, the declaration explicitly and implicitly singles out the United States (and Israel) for criticism. Its text “strongly condemns the military strikes by Israel and the United States against the Islamic Republic of Iran” (强烈谴责以色列和美国 … 对伊朗发动的军事侵略), while disapproving references are made to countries making unilateral actions and pursuing destabilizing trade and economic policies. New initiatives, such as the SCO Development Bank, are also characterized as necessary to “further reduce dependence on other external financial institutions” (进一步降低对外部其他金融机构的依赖)—in other words, moving away from reliance of U.S.-led ones (China Daily, September 3). Moreover, PRC scholars argue that the SCO might fill governance gaps created by U.S. retrenchment (ChinaAffairs+, September 3).

    Xi’s unveiling of the GGI comes as a response to this deficit in global governance; or, as Zhao Xiaozhuo (赵小卓) of the Academy of Military Science describes it, the “irreversible decline” of American hegemony (ChinaAffairs+, September 4). The GGI concept paper articulates three examples of such deficiencies: serious underrepresentation of the Global South in international institutions, an erosion of authoritativeness (i.e. institutions are failing to enforce their rules), and an urgent need for greater effectiveness (multilateral plans and agreements are not being implemented properly). In response to these challenges, it proposes five core concepts (五个坚持) to underpin the reform of global governance. These all follow standard PRC normative pronouncements and include a commitment to sovereign equality, international rule of law, multilateralism, a people-centered approach, and achieving “real results” (力求实效). While this is not substantively groundbreaking, the GGI’s symbolism and the ambitions that lie behind it are representative of an emboldened PRC on the global stage.

    PRC Seeks to Shape Rules in Emerging Frontiers

    The output from this year’s summit indicates that the SCO might begin its attempts at global governance reform with a focus on influencing norms in emerging areas. This was most notable in the GGI Concept Paper proposed by the PRC, which described “areas with large governance deficits that urgently require attention” (治理紧迫性突出、治理赤字较大的领域). The priority areas listed include international financial institutions, AI, cyberspace, climate change, trade, and outer space.

    This focus on alternative approaches to developing and regulating technology- and innovation-heavy domains is apparent in the Tianjin Declaration, which discusses improving coordination and cooperation on science and technology, enhancing future technologies programs and promoting innovation through an international AI center. Other reporting discusses other initiatives in this area, including a China-SCO AI cooperation forum held in Tianjin earlier this year (SCO, May 30; China Diplomacy, September 3). The forum promoted products from leading PRC AI companies, suggesting that the PRC’s primary aim through deepening technological ties with SCO member states is strategic, as much as it is economic or developmental. Rather than “global affairs being decided by all, the governance system built by all, and the fruits of governance shared by all” (全球事务由大家一起商量,治理体系由大家一起建设,治理成果由大家一起分享), as the GGI concept paper claims, alternative mechanisms like the SCO may function instead as channels for establishing the dominance of the PRC’s technology stack throughout the global south (China Brief, July 25, August 7). PRC scholars have pitched this as a reason for prospective members to join the organization, arguing that the SCO is adapting to emerging technologies, and that “participation may be selective, focusing more on economics, technology, and AI” (ChinaAffairs+, September 3).

    As a sign of the gap between rhetoric and reality, however, language about cyberspace and outer space across the declaration and concept paper highlights a hypocrisy at the heart of core tenets that the SCO claims to hold dear. As the declaration—and all previous SCO declarations—makes clear, member states are committed to “commonly recognized principles and norms of international law” (公认的国际法原则). These include respect for sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity of states, equality, mutual benefit, non-interference in internal affairs, and non-use of force or threat of force. But the actions of member states, in particular those of Russia and the PRC, frequently violate those principles and norms. Putting aside the illegality of ongoing PRC actions in the South China Sea and in Taiwan’s territorial waters, there is growing concern in the West over the aggressive actions of PRC state-sponsored cyber threat actors (China Brief, December 20, 2024, September 2). One joint advisory authored or co-sealed in August by cybersecurity agencies from 13 different countries warns that these actors are “targeting networks globally, including, but not limited to, telecommunications, government, transportation, lodging, and military infrastructure networks” (U.S. Department of Defense, September 4). Reporting from The New York Times quotes Western officials characterizing the attacks as “unrestrained” and “indiscriminate,” and clearly violating a number of the SCO’s core principles (NYT, September 4). The anti-satellite (ASAT) programs of both the PRC and Russia also appear to violate another commitment in the declaration to keep outer space free of weapons of any kind (Secure World Foundation, June 12).

    Conclusion

    Already, the GGI is gaining traction, with officials from Russia, Belarus, Iran, Azerbaijan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Malaysia, Iran, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan all praising Xi’s latest global initiative. In the months and years ahead, it likely will be incorporated into joint statements and used to promote CCP preferences in other multilateral fora. While fissures remain at the heart of the SCO, these have not been a barrier to its expansion over the last quarter century. As the PRC in particular seeks to use the organization as a vehicle for molding the international system in its image, it may well continue to grow in stature in the years to come.

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  • Indian Ocean Chikungunya Outbreak Remains at Level 2 Alert — Vax-Before-Travel

    (Vax-Before-Travel News)

    The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) today reissued its Level 2, Practice Enhanced Precautions, Travel Health Advisory for chikungunya outbreaks in countries/territories located in the Indian Ocean.

    On September 5, 2025, the CDC reported outbreaks of chikungunya in Bangladesh, Kenya, Madagascar, Somalia, and Sri Lanka.

    Other outbreaks have occurred in countries in Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, the Caribbean, and the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

    Chikungunya disease is caused by the chikungunya virus and is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes. Most people infected with the chikungunya virus develop symptoms, according to the CDC.

    If you are pregnant, consider reconsidering travel to the affected areas, especially if you are nearing the delivery of your baby. Mothers infected around the time of delivery can pass the virus to their baby before or during delivery.

    Newborns infected in this way or by a mosquito bite are at risk for severe illness, including poor long-term outcomes.

    The CDC advises vaccination for most travelers who are visiting an area with a chikungunya outbreak. Local travel vaccine experts do offer their advice on eligibility.

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  • When Staying Fit Becomes a Harmful Addiction

    Sydney Hoyt enjoyed being a three-sport athlete in high school – volleyball in the fall, swimming through the winter and soccer in the spring. During her senior year, however, something else took over.

    (more…)

  • Anthropic reaches $1.5 Billion settlement with authors in landmark copyright case

    Anthropic reaches $1.5 Billion settlement with authors in landmark copyright case

    Anthropic has agreed to a $1.5 billion settlement with authors in a landmark copyright case, marking one of the first and largest legal payouts of the AI era.

    The AI startup agreed to pay authors around $3,000 per book for roughly 500,000 works, after it was accused of downloading millions of pirated texts from shadow libraries to train its large language model, Claude. As part of the deal, Anthropic will also destroy data it was accused of illegally acquiring.

    The fast-growing AI startup announced earlier this week that it had just raised an additional $13 billion in new venture capital funding in a deal that valued the company at $183 billion. It has also said that it is currently on pace to generate at least $5 billion in revenues over the next 12 months. The settlement amounts to nearly a third of that figure or more than a tenth of the new funding Anthropic just received.

    While the settlement does not establish a legal precedent, experts said it will likely serve as an anchor figure for the amount other major AI companies will need to pay if they hope to settle similar copyright infringement lawsuits. For instance, a number of authors are suing Meta for using their books without permission. As part of that lawsuit, Meta was forced to disclose internal company emails that suggest it knowingly used a library of pirated books called LibGen—which is one of the same libraries that Anthropic used. OpenAI and its partner Microsoft are also facing a number of copyright infringement cases, including one filed by the Author’s Guild.

    Aparna Sridhar, deputy general counsel at Anthropic, told Fortune in a statement: “In June, the District Court issued a landmark ruling on AI development and copyright law, finding that Anthropic’s approach to training AI models constitutes fair use. Today’s settlement, if approved, will resolve the plaintiffs’ remaining legacy claims. We remain committed to developing safe AI systems that help people and organizations extend their capabilities, advance scientific discovery, and solve complex problems.”

    A lawyer for the authors who sued Anthropic said the settlement would have far-reaching impacts.
    “This landmark settlement far surpasses any other known copyright recovery. It is the first of its kind in the AI era. It will provide meaningful compensation for each class work and sets a precedent requiring AI companies to pay copyright owners,”  Justin Nelson, partner with Susman Godfrey LLP and co-lead plaintiffs’ counsel on Bartz et al. v. Anthropic PBC, said in a statement. “This settlement sends a powerful message to AI companies and creators alike that taking copyrighted works from these pirate websites is wrong.”

    The case, which was originally set to go to trial in December, could have exposed Anthropic to damages of up to $1 trillion if the court found that the company willfully violated copyright law. Santa Clara law professor Ed Lee said could that if Anthropic lost the trial, it could have “at least the potential for business-ending liability.” Anthropic essentially concurred with Lee’s conclusion, writing in a court filing that it felt “inordinate pressure” to settle the case given the size of the potential damages.

    The jeopardy Anthropic faced hinged on the means it had used to obtain the copyrighted books, rather than the fact that they had used the books to train AI without the explicit permission of the copyright holders. In July, U.S. District Court Judge William Alsup, ruled that using copyrighted books to create an AI model constituted “fair use” for which no specific license was required.

    But Alsup then focused on the allegation that Anthropic had used digital libraries of pirated books for at least some of the data it fed its AI models, rather than purchasing copies of the books legally. The judge suggested in a decision allowing the case to go to trial that he was inclined to view this as copyright infringement no matter what Anthropic did with the pirated libraries.

    By settling the case, Anthropic has sidestepped an existential risk to its business. However, the settlement is significantly higher than some legal experts were predicting. The motion is now seeking preliminary approval of what’s claimed to be “the largest publicly reported copyright recovery in history.”

    James Grimmelmann, a law professor at Cornell Law School and Cornell Tech, called it a “modest settlement.”

    “It doesn’t try to resolve all of the copyright issues around generative AI. Instead, it’s focused on what Judge Alsup thought was the one egregiously wrongful thing that Anthropic did: download books in bulk from shadow libraries rather than buying copies and scanning them itself. The payment is substantial, but not so big as to threaten Anthropic’s viability or competitive position,” he told Fortune.

    He said that the settlement helps establish that AI companies need to acquire their training data legitimately, but does not answer other copyright questions facing AI companies, such as what they need to do to prevent their generative AI models from producing outputs that infringe copyright. In several cases still pending against AI companies—including a case The New York Times has filed against OpenAI and a case that movie studio Warner Brothers filed just this week against Midjourney, a firm that makes AI that can generate images and videos—the copyright holders allege the AI models produced outputs that were identical or substantially similar to copyrighted works

    “The recent Warner Bros. suit against Midjourney, for example, focuses on how Midjourney can be used to produce images of DC superheroes and other copyrighted characters,” Grimmelmann said.

    While legal experts say the amount is manageable for a firm the size of Anthropic, Luke McDonagh, an associate professor of law at LSE, said the case may have a downstream impact on smaller AI companies if it does set a business precedent for similar claims.

    “The figure of $1.5 billion, as the overall amount of the settlement, indicates the kind of level that could resolve some of the other AI copyright cases. It could also point the way forward for licensing of copyright works for AI training,” he told Fortune. This kind of sum—$3,000 per work—is manageable for a firm valued as highly as Anthropic and the other large AI firms. It may be less so for smaller firms.”

    A business precedent for other AI firms

    Cecilia Ziniti, a lawyer and founder of legal AI company GC AI, said the settlement was a “Napster to iTunes” moment for AI.

    “This settlement marks the beginning of a necessary evolution toward a legitimate, market-based licensing scheme for training data,” she said. She added the settlement could mark the “start of a more mature, sustainable ecosystem where creators are compensated, much like how the music industry adapted to digital distribution.”

    Ziniti also noted the size of the settlement may force the rest of the industry to get more serious about licensing copyrighted works.

    “The argument that it’s too difficult to track and pay for training data is a red herring because we have enough deals at this point to show it can be done,” she said, pointing to deals that news publications, including Axel Springer and Vox, have entered into with OpenAI. “This settlement will push other AI companies to the negotiating table and accelerate the creation of a true marketplace for data, likely involving API authentications and revenue-sharing models.”

    Fortune Global Forum returns Oct. 26–27, 2025 in Riyadh. CEOs and global leaders will gather for a dynamic, invitation-only event shaping the future of business. Apply for an invitation.

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