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  • Plant-Based Diet May Improve Stress-Related Metrics in Rheumatoid Arthritis

    Plant-Based Diet May Improve Stress-Related Metrics in Rheumatoid Arthritis

    A plant-based lifestyle program that previously showed benefits for joint pain and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis may also help ease stress, according to a secondary analysis of the Plants for Joints (PFJ) randomized controlled trial.1 However, researchers did not see the same stress-related effects in participants with metabolic syndrome–associated osteoarthritis (MSOA).

    The 16-week PFJ program combined a whole-food, plant-based diet with physical activity, sleep hygiene, and stress management techniques. In earlier results, the intervention reduced disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis and improved pain and physical function in MSOA.2 Published in Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology, this follow-up analysis looked at whether the program also affected stress markers, including heart rate variability (HRV), cortisol levels, and perceived stress.

    Participants with RA who followed the program showed greater signs of reduced stress compared with those receiving usual care. | Image credit: Prostock-studio – stock.adobe.com

    Evidence Linking Stress Management to Outcomes

    Prior studies have shown that stress management and mindfulness-based interventions can improve psychological well-being and reduce rheumatoid arthritis symptoms like pain, anxiety, and depressive mood, even if they do not always lower disease activity scores such as DAS28. Yoga-based interventions, however, have demonstrated reductions in DAS28, the number of inflamed joints, and inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate compared with usual care.3

    Yoga has also been shown to positively influence HRV, cortisol levels, and other markers of autonomic function. Additional evidence suggests practices like deep breathing or electrical vagus nerve stimulation can activate the parasympathetic nervous system, reduce cytokine production, and help modulate immune activity in rheumatoid arthritis.

    Modest But Measurable Stress Reductions in Rheumatoid Arthritis

    Among 77 participants with rheumatoid arthritis, those who followed the PFJ program showed greater signs of reduced stress compared with those receiving usual care.1 One key finding was a significant increase in normalized high-frequency HRV (HFnorm) among those following the program, which signals stronger parasympathetic nervous system activity (between-group difference, 6.6; 95% CI, 0.5-12.6). These patients also saw a trend toward improved root square mean of successive differences, another HRV measure related to stress recovery (between-group difference, 4.3; 95% CI, –1.5 to 10.1).

    Compared with usual care, the lifestyle intervention was also tied to nonsignificant reductions in heart rate (between-group difference, 3.1; 95% CI, –3.9 to 10.1), salivary cortisol (1.3; 95% CI, –0.6 to 3.1), and perceived stress (–2.0; 95% CI, –4.4 to 0.3). Measured via the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), subjective stress declined by 2 points more in the PFJ group than in the control.

    Importantly, participants who reported spending more time on stress-reducing activities like breathing exercises or meditation experienced greater improvements in HFnorm. However, engagement with these activities was short-lived, peaking at 8 weeks and returning to baseline levels by week 16. While this was not reflected in the activity data, the authors said participants may have become more aware of stressors and used techniques that were not quantifiable for the study but still had an effect on their stress levels. According to them, this short-term increase in stress-reducing activity could have longer-term impacts worth investigating. On the other hand, they said the intervention as a whole could have contributed to stress reduction.

    No Observed Effect for Osteoarthritis

    In contrast with the rheumatoid arthritis group, participants with MSOA did not experience any meaningful changes in stress-related measures. This group, which had a higher baseline body mass index and older mean age than the rheumatoid arthritis cohort, showed no differences in heart rate, HRV, cortisol, or perceived stress compared with controls after the intervention.

    Physical activity had a different relationship with stress between groups. Higher activity levels were tied to slightly higher stress levels in rheumatoid arthritis, with a mean of 139 minutes of activity per week (β, 0.022; P = .025), but lower levels in the MSOA group, which averaged 119 minutes a week (β, −0.025; P = .038).

    “While the effects of individual lifestyle components cannot be isolated, the associations suggest that greater engagement in stress-reduction activities and physical activity were most linked to improvements in stress outcomes,” the authors said. “However, these associations should be interpreted with caution, as adherence data was self-reported, the effects were small and potentially clinically insignificant, the sample size was limited, and baseline physical activity levels were already high.”

    References

    1. Wagenaar CA, Christiaans J, Hermans V, et al. Effect of a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention on stress-related parameters in people with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: secondary analysis of the “Plants for Joints” randomized controlled trial. Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol. 2025;23:100298. doi:10.1016/j.cpnec.2025.100298
    2. Walrabenstein W, Wagenaar CA, van de Put M, et al. A multidisciplinary lifestyle program for metabolic syndrome-associated osteoarthritis: the “Plants for Joints” randomized controlled trial. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2023;31(11):1491-1500. doi:10.1016/j.joca.2023.05.014
    3. Slagter L, Demyttenaere K, Verschueren P, De Cock D. The effect of meditation, mindfulness, and yoga in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Pers Med. 2022;12(11):1905. doi:10.3390/jpm12111905

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  • Lewis Hamilton believes British Grand Prix would be ‘a really special place’ to get Ferrari F1 podium

    Lewis Hamilton believes British Grand Prix would be ‘a really special place’ to get Ferrari F1 podium

    Lewis Hamilton believes the British Grand Prix would “be a really special place” to claim his first Formula 1 podium with Ferrari, and that driving out of the pits in red will “hit me a little bit”.

    The seven-time Formula 1 World Champion will compete in front of his home crowd this weekend at Silverstone, a venue where he has taken a record nine wins.

    Hamilton also enters this weekend off his equal best result in a Grand Prix since joining Ferrari at the start of 2025, finishing fourth in Austria, and the 40-year-old believes another strong showing might be possible.

    “I think on a dry day McLaren will walk off into the distance, as you’ve seen in the past races, but you never know here what’s going to happen with the wind, with the rain,” he said during Thursday’s media day. “The crowd makes a massive difference. I’m hoping they edge us a little bit closer.”

    Hamilton’s last Grand Prix victory came 12 months ago in his swansong season for Mercedes as he beat the faster McLarens in a race impacted by rain.

    While the Briton won the Sprint in China this term, he has yet to stand on the podium for the Scuderia on a Sunday and believes doing so in front of his home crowd would be the ideal time.

    He said: “I’m just hoping for a strong weekend. I’ve not had a podium yet, this would be a really special place in order to have that so I’m really counting on the amazing support we have here to hopefully make the difference.”

    Team mate Charles Leclerc claimed third place in Austria last weekend, his fourth podium of the season as the 2025 campaign approaches the halfway point.

    Ferrari’s last win at Silverstone came in 2022 courtesy of Carlos Sainz, and Leclerc believes although victory might not come this weekend, one is not far away.

    “We are quite satisfied, improving step by step,” he said. “Not satisfied yet as [the] end target is to win races, but this race we were competitive at in the past and Lewis has been exceptional here. Been a long time since we last fought for victory, hope this is the one.”

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  • FIA Thursday press conference – Great Britain

    FIA Thursday press conference – Great Britain

    PART TWO – Charles LECLERC (Ferrari), Yuki TSUNODA (Red Bull Racing), George RUSSELL (Mercedes)

    Q: Why don’t we start with Charles today. Charles, podiums in three of the last four races. Just how confident are you and Ferrari coming into the British Grand Prix?

    Charles LECLERC: Yeah. I mean, first of all, I think we are quite satisfied with the latest tendency. We are improving step by step. We are not fully satisfied yet because obviously the end target is to try and win races. But going into this race, I think it’s a race in the past where we were pretty competitive. Lewis has always been exceptional here as well, so I hope we can have a great weekend and hopefully have a shot for victory. I mean, it’s been a long time since we last fought for victory, so I hope this weekend is the one.

    Q: Charles, you say you’re not satisfied yet. This is the halfway point in the season. Can you just sum up what you and Ferrari have achieved so far this year and what you think the second half of the season looks like for you?

    CL: Much tougher first part of the season than what we expected. I think when you end up last year like we did fighting for victories, fighting for the World Constructors’ Championship, we started this year hoping that at least we’d start in the same position, which was not the case. We struggled a bit more. But now we are finding our way again with the development. It definitely helped us to do some steps forward. I know that there are more things coming, hopefully as soon as possible, which will help us to close the gap to McLaren, to Red Bull as well. Mercedes seems to be maybe a bit more up and down. But it’s up to us to do a better job than others and try and catch the guys in front.

    Q: How will it look like for the second half?

    CL: I don’t know. I hope brighter than the first one.

    Q: Alright. Thank you for that. Good luck this weekend. Yuki, let’s come to you now. It was a tough one for you in Austria. Let’s start by talking about that. Do you understand the issues that you were having there?

    Yuki TSUNODA: The issue in the race was me. The overtake… tried to overtake in a way that probably I could just wait one more lap. It was a bit unnecessary to push flat out that much in that situation. So, the race craft wasn’t ideal for myself. The pace itself, yeah, to be honest, after that… changed the front wing and everything and just, it’s not really probably the best reference I’ll get. But, yeah, it’s still the mostly the session I’m working on really hard so far. Especially the long run is the stint or the session I’m normally struggling at. So we worked so hard last couple of days into here, what we can do better or not. And we’re going to try another couple of stuff that I never thought about. So yeah, I’m looking forward to it, feeling strong. I think in the short run it will just come hopefully soon in terms of the confidence level I want.

    Q: Yuki, some observers think that Red Bull is a one-car team. Do you feel you have the full support of everyone at Red Bull Racing?

    YT: Definitely, yeah. I mean, I feel definitely the support, especially these days and more than ever, from Christian, Helmut. I went to the south of UK with a physio Red Bull Racing to kind of reset myself, and that was coming from them. They just wanted to have fresh air and everything. So that helps a lot to me to build up my rhythm. Also, we’re going to try a couple of things that I never tried, and they allow me to do quite a lot of things that probably they wouldn’t do in a normal case. So, yeah, definitely.

    Q: Okay. Well, best of luck this weekend. Hope it goes well for you, Yuki. Thank you. George, good to see you. Got a new contract yet?

    George RUSSELL: No messing around there. No updates since the last time we spoke. Honestly, as I’ve said for the majority of this season, I’m just focused on the driving. Of course, this weekend’s a huge weekend for us. For me, my home race is my favourite race of the year, and that’s where I want to give all my focus and attention to try and win this Grand Prix. We were on pole here last year. We were leading the first third of the race. Temperatures look slightly more favourable for us this weekend. Not as favourable as they were 12 months ago, but much more compared to Austria last week. And we know clearly that’s where we struggled. So, yeah, just excited for that.

    Q: Well, I hope the performance is good. But just bringing it back to the contract, the longer this saga goes on, George, do you start to question the team’s loyalty to you?

    GR: I mean, there’s a lot of conversations behind the scenes that are not public. And I know where their loyalty lies. It doesn’t need to be public. It doesn’t need to be broadcast to everybody. We’ve obviously spoken a little bit more over the last week because there’s numerous news articles and whatnot out there. But in all honesty, it doesn’t really change anything my side because, as I’ve said before, I feel I’m performing better than ever. And it’s as simple as that really. Performance speaks for everything.

    Q: Are you talking to other teams?

    GR: No.

    QUESTIONS FROM THE FLOOR

    Q: (Tom Slafer – DAZN, Spain) Question for George considering this topic. It feels like it’s been your best season in Formula 1 or one of the highest level seasons you’ve had in Formula 1. Do you feel it’s a little bit unfair that you’re in the middle of all these rumours?

    GR: I mean, that’s for you to judge. For me, I feel quite thick-skinned, and I don’t really read much news or listen to rumours. I just focus on the facts, and I focus on the driving. I said it at the beginning of this year, you can have a contract, but if you don’t perform, you’re out. And if you do perform, everything sorts itself out. So, yeah, from my side, not really much more to add really and just focus on the driving as I’ve been for this whole year.

    Q: (Mara Sangiorgio – Sky Sports, Italy) A question to George. You said no news about your renewal and no other option. But George, maybe knowing that your team is also speaking with another driver or other drivers, is it right for you to check out other options beside Mercedes for yourself?

    GR: I mean, every team has two seats available, and it’s normal that every team is considering what the future holds. And I don’t take that personally because I made it clear from the beginning. I’m happy to be team-mates with anybody. So of course there’s lots of conversations, lots of rumours, and all of these are being pointed towards me. But from my side, that isn’t really going to be the case. I want to continue with Mercedes into the future. The fact is, Toto has never let me down. He’s always given me his word, but he’s also got to do what’s right for his team, which includes me. But it also includes the thousands of people who work for Mercedes. For me, it’s nothing to worry about because I don’t think I’ll be going anywhere. And whoever my teammate will be, it doesn’t concern me either. So, just focus on the driving.

    Q: (David Croft– (Sky Sports) Still with you, George, but I’ll change the subject. There might be a candidate coming forward to seek election for FIA President. As the man who heads up the GPDA, do you welcome a competition to Mohammed Ben Sulayem for the FIA presidential elections later this year?

    GR: I think in life, competition is always good because it brings out the best in people. It’s something we’ve been vocal about in the past. It’s probably got a little bit too much airtime in the past. Things have seemingly been moving in a better direction, which I think is just good news for everybody involved in the sport. But at the end of the day, if there are two people fighting for one position, you bring your A-game. It’s a bit like a driver’s contract, I guess!

    Q: (Tim Hauraney – TSN) Question for George. Bringing it back to the contract, sorry, I had to ask you. But does Mercedes provide you with the best opportunity to win a Drivers’ Championship?

    GR: I think so. I think going into next year, there are so many unknowns. So many unknowns with the car, so many unknowns with the engine, with the fuel. And I think for us, from both sides, our best opportunity of winning is to continue as we are. We’re performing, I feel, at the racetrack at a very high level. I feel I’m performing at a high level. I’ve been working with the team now. Will be going into my fifth year next year. And I think for all of us, you know, Lando, Charles, drivers who have been with their teams for so long, when you’re going into such a fresh start, I think consistency gives you your best shot.

    Q: (Luke Smith – The Athletic) George, question for you, not about your contract. Silverstone is obviously such a spiritual home for F1, a very special weekend. For you, what’s your earliest memory of coming to this race or driving here, and just how important has this track been to your career and your progression?

    GR: Yeah. My very first memory is a real clear one. It was the race start of the 2009 Grand Prix. I was sat on the outside of Copse, which was Turn 1 back then. I just remember the noise and the speed, just sort of giving me goosebumps. I was racing in cadets at the time, and I knew that one day that’s where I want to be. Then it’s where I did my first race, my first win, my first ever test in an F1 car was here as well, so a lot of memories.

    Q: (Niharik Ghorpade – Sportskeeda) A question for Yuki. Given that Red Bull can be at times pressuring on the drivers, and now that you have had about eight races at least in that RB21, do you think it takes almost a season for the second driver to adapt with that car, or that a second driver who’s not Max would need more time in that car to match Max?

    YT: Yeah. I mean, I don’t know. It depends on the driver, but also at the same time, I didn’t see yet so far the driver who probably got used to it in that car straight away. So that’s probably the fact, but at the same time, I feel I’m in the right direction, at least on the short runs. Yeah, I missed out probably Q1 in Austria, but at the same time, gap was pretty small. Also in terms of the whole package, I know there’s something to come as well into this year compared to Max. So once I get full package, I still have good confidence that I can be in a level that they want. That’s what I’m working hard on. In terms of the long run is exactly the place that I’m still probably struggling at, but I’ll find a way. I saw a couple of driving styles that I can try that I never tried in my career in Formula 1. It’s just the learning stuff. Is it true that in terms of confidence, when the condition changes every session, maybe I’m taking a little bit more time compared to where I used to have at VCARB where for example, I knew exactly how the car was going to drive in each set-up, I can go flat out from the first push. But maybe in the Red Bull, I had to build up, which for me is the right approach. I don’t think it’s a wrong approach, but just takes a bit of time. I don’t know if it’s going to take a whole season or not, but at least it’s positive that I’m going in the right direction.

    Q: (Diletta Colombo – Automoto.it) Question for Charles. Do you think that the upgrades still in the pipeline are going to help you close the gap to McLaren?

    CL: I’ll be worried if I didn’t think that way because obviously we are doing everything in order to close that gap as much as possible. We are going to try and bring upgrades as soon as possible that will tackle some of the weaknesses we have. I’m sure it will close the gap. Whether it will close completely the gap, I don’t think so. It’s a significant advantage that they have at the moment, and it’s not down to only one upgrade or one part of the car. I think it’s a multitude of upgrades in order to get to the level. But little by little, at least if we are close enough to put them under pressure, I hope that we can force them into a bit more mistakes because at the moment, they’ve got too much margin for us to be putting any kind of pressure.

    Q: (Carlo Platella – FormulaPassion.it). Charles, you said that the first part of the season was more difficult than expected. Looking also at 2023, Ferrari finished the year on a high then started to struggle the season after. Do you think this is just a coincidence or there is an explanation behind this pattern?

    CL: I can definitely say that the two reasons of why we did a step back are definitely not related at all. But again, I felt like we learned from our mistakes. I just hope that at one point, we manage to build a strong car from the start and have a very strong season from start to finish, which hasn’t really been the case so far. But yeah, we’re working in the right direction. I just hope that we don’t end up finding another issue in few months. But this you never know. Especially with those cars, I think it’s not only us in this situation, but many teams are in this situation where it’s very difficult to find your way because you always tend to find another barrier along the development line. So, yeah, we’re working well, and I just hope that we find our way now.

    Q: (Jake Nichol – RacingNews365.com) Question for George on the contract, I’m afraid. Do you have a deadline for when you need to know what next year will bring for you? Or have you spoken with Toto about that at all?

    GR: I mean, there’s not really any deadline in place, to be honest. Obviously, naturally, you try and have stuff done before the summer break. From my side, Mercedes manage me as well, so it’s not really a deadline in my hands as such. So, yeah, not really. And I’m not even thinking about it right now. Obviously, there’s a lot of questions about it. But the more we speak, the less we speak about it, nothing really changes. It’ll happen when the time is right. I expect probably in the next couple of weeks, probably something to happen. But, yeah, we’ll need to wait and see.

    Q: (Leonid Kliuev – Grande Premio, Brazil) Question for Yuki. Dr Marko indicated numerous times that Red Bull won’t switch you with anyone for the seat. Does it help to have that kind of support and to be relatively sure that the seat is yours for this year?

    YT: Yes, rather than him saying probably going switch in two races or whatever, for sure. But like I said, him and Christian are very supportive. He was not obviously happy with my race in Austria, but at the same time, he’s still willing to continuously help or support me. He still trusts my talent and the speed, so I just have to prove on track that I can do it. Helmut is just a direct guy. Some races if you do bad, he just tells me what was wrong and what was right. It’s a kind of pressure that he gives me. Sometimes brings me into the level that I never think about or extracts from me some performance. It’s just the way that he works since when I was a junior, and yeah, I appreciate the amount of support I’m getting so far.

    Q: (Brian Van Hinthum – GP Fans) Question to Yuki as well. Earlier this weekend, Zak Brown said that without Max, Red Bull would be behind Racing Bulls in the pecking order. I can understand that’s quite harsh to hear for you. Would you like to react on that?

    YT: Well, it’s the truth that probably we’d be behind. But he was saying that probably that [unclear]. I don’t know. I mean, the performances at this point I’m getting, probably we’ll be behind. But at the same time, I was not in the off-season tests there, so I don’t know. But VCARB so far, yeah, definitely performing well. I’ve shown good performance first two races. Probably if everything goes well with Australia, China was a bit hectic, and if the strategy, everything goes well, I was probably scoring a lot of points. So it’s good that they’re performing. But at the same time now, I’m fully focused on Red Bull, and it’s a car that definitely you can make it work. I just need, I guess, my opinion, just need more time, build the understanding, work hard to understand, work hard with the engineer as well. I just have to get his point more.

    Q: (Keith Collantine – RaceFans.net) Question to all three. A lot of people expected that in this final year of the regulations, the field would close up a lot, and as we saw last year, we’d see a lot of competition between the big four teams, but each of your three teams really has dropped back from McLaren. What’s your interpretation for why that’s happened? Why do you think you’ve fallen back relative to them? Who’d like to start? George?

    GR: If we knew, we wouldn’t have fallen back, to be honest. We don’t really know exactly why. They seem very good on the tyres. They seem very good in hot races. Clearly, their updates are working as they expect. And I think when you find yourself on the right tracks of this development slope, the rewards are endless, and they’ve clearly found that perfect path. Like Charles was saying before, these cars, these regs are not easy. I think we’re all looking forward to a change of regs. It’s not going to be easy next year, but the cars do seem a little bit more conventional. But then obviously we’re going to have the challenges with the PU and the batteries, so that’s a secondary factor.

    CL: I mean, I agree with everything that George said. I wish I knew what made McLaren so fast this year. For sure, they’ve done a significant step forward, something that I don’t think many of us expected, exactly for the reasons you mentioned because when you get to the last year of those regulations, everything tends to converge a little bit. But this year they just did a big step forward. I doubt that it’s coming from one thing. It never comes from only one thing. I think it’s just many different things that they are doing better than others, which makes a big difference at the end. But it is true that one of the characteristics that significantly improved since last year is hot weather. I think I remember there was an FP3 in Bahrain this year where I’m still wondering how did Oscar do that lap time in that heat, which was very impressive. There are these kinds of laps that you look and you say, you’re just a bit lost for words and you don’t really understand where the performance comes from. So they found something, especially whenever it’s warm and on tyres, that we’re still trying to figure out.

    YT: I didn’t drive last year in Red Bull, so yeah.

    Q: (Edd Straw – The Race) Another one for you, George. If you don’t get a Mercedes deal for next year for whatever reason, how confident are you in the contingency plans and alternatives that you would have, not just to seat in F1, but one that’s in line with your ambitions and status?

    GR: Yeah. Pretty confident, to be honest. Because I think what I’ve proven so far is plenty enough and not really much more to say. Any teams who did reach out in the past, I said, look, I am loyal to Mercedes. That’s where my future lies. Ultimately, Mercedes are my managers, so it has to be dealt through Mercedes in the first place. But there hasn’t been a lack of interest, let’s say. But I’ve been focused on my side. I am loyal to Mercedes. At the end of the day, everything will work itself out. And the likelihood I’m not at Mercedes next year, I think is exceptionally low.

    Q: (Jack Smith – Motorsport Monday/Motorsport Week) A question for Charles. You said recently that you’ve tried the 2026 car in the simulator and you weren’t a fan because of the way the car drives. Assuming that there’ll be more runs in that simulator soon, how difficult is it from a driver’s perspective to balance that whilst still racing a 2025 car?

    CL: Oh, it’s so different that for sure I don’t confuse which car I’m driving. But to put back into context my comments that I did, it wasn’t really specific to our team, which I’ve seen did headlines saying that we are struggling or whatsoever. I was just meaning that the new direction for us drivers is a little bit less attractive and a little bit less nice to drive overall. But it’s the way it is. I still find the motivation in the challenge of making these new regs as fast as possible. If we are competitive, I’m sure that I will start to like it a lot more. If not, then I’ll probably hate it a lot. But I hope it won’t be the case.

    Q: (Jérôme Porier – Le Monde) After Suzuka, Fred Vasseur said that this championship could be a championship for qualifications. Now since the beginning of the season, eight times the poleman won the race on Sunday. So we are exactly at half season. What do you think about that?

    CL: I mean, I kind of agree. It’s a big shame because we are very slow in qualifying. I wish it was the other way around, but I also think that it makes it look that way because McLaren is very often on pole position this year, and they are the fastest car by quite some margin in most of the tracks. So then they end up also winning on the Sunday, which makes sense. So, yeah. I don’t know. I mean, he has a point for sure. Numbers say so. I just hope looking at ourselves that we’re going to improve our qualifying in order to be a bit more in the mix for victories.

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  • Interstellar comet is only third known object to visit from beyond our solar system

    Interstellar comet is only third known object to visit from beyond our solar system

    Astronomers are rolling out a welcome mat for a newly identified visitor from beyond our solar system.

    The object — thought to be a comet — is only the third-ever confirmed interstellar visitor to pass through our cosmic neighborhood.

    Dubbed 3I/ATLAS, the comet poses no danger to Earth and will remain roughly 150 million miles away as it speeds by, according to NASA.

    The interstellar comet was first spotted on Tuesday by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) in Rio Hurtado, Chile. The NASA-funded survey telescope — which is actually made up of two telescopes in Hawaii, one in Chile and a fourth in South Africa — is designed to scan the entire sky several times each night, searching for asteroids that could pose a threat to Earth.

    Researchers combed through archival data from three different ATLAS telescopes and the Zwicky Transient Facility at the Palomar Observatory in California, and found corresponding observations that helped confirm the discovery. Other telescopes around the world also joined the effort, according to NASA.

    “ESA’s Planetary Defenders are observing the object, provisionally known as #A11pl3Z, right now using telescopes around the world,” the European Space Agency said Wednesday in a post on X.

    Interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS.David Rankin / Saguaro Observatory

    The comet is currently about 420 million miles away, moving quickly from the direction of the constellation Sagittarius, NASA said in a blog post about the discovery. Sagittarius is a prominent constellation in the Southern Hemisphere that points toward the center of the Milky Way galaxy.

    The agency said 3I/ATLAS will swing closest to the sun around Oct. 30, passing at a distance of approximately 130 million miles, or just inside the orbit of Mars.

    NASA said the comet should be visible to ground-based observatories through September, allowing time for scientists to glean additional details about the cosmic interloper, including its size. After September, 3I/ATLAS will be too close to the sun to observe with telescopes, but the object is expected to be visible again in early December, when it emerges on the other side of the sun.

    The months ahead offer a rare opportunity to study a celestial tourist from beyond our solar system. The first confirmed interstellar object seen passing through the solar system was discovered in 2017 by the University of Hawaii’s Pan-STARRS1 telescope. The rocky object, named Oumuamua (Hawaiian for “a messenger from afar arriving first”), has a reddish hue and is elongated like a cigar, according to NASA.

    The only other known interstellar object to pay a visit is 21/Borisov, a comet that was discovered in 2019 by an amateur astronomer named Gennady Borisov.

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  • Swiatek battles past McNally in Wimbledon Centre Court showdown

    Swiatek battles past McNally in Wimbledon Centre Court showdown

    Iga Swiatek continued to avoid the upset bug at Wimbledon on Thursday, but the five-time Grand Slam champion had to escape from a one-set deficit to do so.

    Wimbledon: Scores Order of play | Draws

    No. 8 seed Swiatek of Poland overcame Caty McNally of the United States 5-7, 6-2, 6-1 in a second-round showdown on Centre Court. Swiatek needed a grueling 2 hours and 25 minutes to defeat her former junior teammate and opponent McNally.

    With the win, Swiatek becomes the third player this century to reach the third round at 22 consecutive Slam appearances, joining Amelie Mauresmo and Serena Williams.

    Former World No. 1 Swiatek has still not lost before the third round of a Grand Slam since the 2019 US Open, and she is now 23-2 in Grand Slam second-round matches.

    Collins awaits: Swiatek will now take on another American in the third round: former Top 10 player Danielle Collins.

    Swiatek leads Collins 7-2 in their head-to-head, but Collins won their most recent meeting on the clay of 2025 Rome in straight sets. Also, Collins’ other win over Swiatek came in a huge Slam meeting: the 2022 Australian Open semifinals.

    Junior days redux: The Swiatek-McNally history dates back to juniors, with the 2018 Junior French Open being a pivotal moment. They teamed up to win the doubles title at that event, but McNally also got a big win over Swiatek in the singles semifinals.

    McNally would go on to the 2018 Junior Roland Garros singles final, where she finished runner-up to another rising star — Coco Gauff. Swiatek rebounded and won the very next junior Grand Slam singles title at 2018 Junior Wimbledon.

    They had only previously played once on the pro tour, where Swiatek topped McNally at 2022 Ostrava in two close sets. McNally took a set from Swiatek this time, but the former World No. 1 regrouped to take the victory.

    Ostrava: Swiatek survives challenge of former junior rival McNally

    More to come…

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  • Flying squirrels’ scaly tails inspire next-gen bionic robots, drones

    Flying squirrels’ scaly tails inspire next-gen bionic robots, drones

    Scientists in Switzerland have turned to a rare flying squirrel’s remarkable treetop agility to develop a new generation of adaptable, energy-efficient bionic robots and drones.

    Researchers at Empa, the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, in collaboration with their colleagues from the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems in Germany, drew entirely on nature to develop a novel approach for advancing robotic systems.

    Fascinated by how African scaly-tailed squirrels manage to grip even the smoothest tree bark with ease, the team analyzed these nocturnal animals’ scale-covered tails to understand the mechanics behind their exceptional stability.

    While biologists had long suspected the scales played a role in helping squirrels grip and navigate tree bark, their exact function had never been scientifically tested, until the team took on the challenge.

    Tail spines that prevent slipping

    Scaly-tailed squirrels, which among the least studied mammals, are small creatures with body lengths ranging from about 2.4 to 17.7 inches (six to 45 centimeters), depending on the species.

    Native to the rainforests of West Africa, these animals use skin membranes stretched between their limbs to glide between treetops, similarly to flying squirrels, though the two are not closely related.

    For the study, the research team focused on the squirrels’ unique bodily feature, the thorn-covered scales on the underside of their tails, in a bid to demonstrate how they enable the animals to remain secure and stable on uneven surfaces.

    Ardian Jusufi, PhD, with a museum specimen of the elusive Pel’s flying squirrel.
    Credit: Empa

    Ardian Jusufi, PhD, professor and head of the Soft Kinetic research group at Empa, explained that the team employed both analytical models and physical replicas, including artificial ‘squirrels’ fitted with 3D-printed tail scales and claws, to test their hypotheses.

    “Animal locomotion in irregular terrain is complex,” Jusufi explained, adding that simulations alone aren’t sufficient to understand it. “That’s why we develop moving physical models for experimental validation.”

    Jusufi, who previously uncovered the landing behaviors of rainforest geckos using soft robotic models to illuminate the mechanics of tail reflexes, emphasized that the team began their work with a static model.

    What comes next?

    The team now plans to add movement to their models to better understand how the scaly tail helps absorb impact and stabilize squirrels during challenging or abrupt landings.

    “If a squirrel approaches a tree but suddenly notices a predator, it must swiftly redirect to another tree mid-flight,” Jusufi said. “We suspect the scaly tail helps absorb the energy of such emergency landings, preventing falls.”

    Over the long term, Jusufi intends to conduct field studies to observe and film the squirrels as they land in their natural habitat, an approach he previously used in his gecko research and considers essential for accurately modeling animal movement.

    The findings could potentially help shape the design of small, autonomous robots and drones for applications in agriculture, environmental monitoring, and disaster relief.

    The subcaudal spines were shown to provide stability were found to provide stability whilst perched on tree bark of varying roughness.
    Credit: Empa

    By replicating structures and behaviors refined through evolution, researchers in biomimetics aim to build machines capable of navigating complex environments with greater efficiency and stability.

    “Animal locomotion involves a complex interplay of processes, many of which are poorly understood,” Jusufi concluded in a press release, adding that replication begins with deep understanding. “Particularly, the role of the tail remains understudied in many species and locomotor modes.” 

    The broader goal of his research is to deepen understanding of how animals move through complex terrain. By using animated physical models to simulate these movements, the team can reduce reliance on animal testing while advancing robotics and biomechanics.

    The study has been published in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface.

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  • What Jusuf Nurkić Brings to the Utah Jazz – NBA

    What Jusuf Nurkić Brings to the Utah Jazz – NBA

    1. What Jusuf Nurkić Brings to the Utah Jazz  NBA
    2. Jazz trade Collin Sexton to Hornets for Jusuf Nurkić  NBA
    3. Odd Collin Sexton trade proves Orlando Magic are playing chess while many teams play checkers  Orlando Magic Daily
    4. Jazz Big Man Jusuf Nurkic “Had To Delete” Everything He Knew About Utah  KSL Sports
    5. Analysis of Utah Jazz’s Collin Sexton Trade  MSN

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  • Construction along Swat River diverted water flow, leading tourists into danger: report

    Construction along Swat River diverted water flow, leading tourists into danger: report

    Listen to article


    PESHAWAR:

    An inquiry report by the Malakand commissioner into the tragic incident in Swat River has been submitted to the Provincial Inspection Team on Thursday. The report sheds light on the circumstances surrounding the event that claimed multiple lives.

    Last week, flash floods triggered by a sudden surge in the Swat River and other streams in the district following heavy monsoon rains claimed the lives of at least 12 people.

    The Provincial Disaster Management Authority (PDMA) described the flood level as “very high,” while officials said dozens of people were trapped as authorities scrambled to deal with the aftermath of two days of relentless downpours.

    According to the investigation, construction work along the river had diverted the water flow, resulting in lower water levels at the accident site. This reduction in the water level led the tourists to enter the river, unaware of the potential dangers.

    The report revealed that heavy rainfall caused the water level in Swat River to rise to 77,782 cusecs. The preliminary findings indicate that 17 tourists were trapped in the flood, with 10 hailing from Sialkot, six from Mardan, and one local resident.

    Read More: Sudden water surge caused Swat tragedy

    The affected tourists arrived at a local hotel at 8:31 am and entered the river an hour later at 9:31 am. The hotel’s security guard attempted to stop them, but the group bypassed the hotel’s front entrance and entered from the back. Just 14 minutes later, at 9:45 am, rising water levels prompted a rescue call.

    Authorities reached the site at 10:05 am, 20 minutes after the distress call. All relevant departments had been alerted about the risk of flooding, with several weather warnings issued by concerned agencies.

    Emergency personnel had been pre-designated for action in case of an emergency. Prior to the flood, a decision had already been made to address encroachments along the riverbank. On June 2, Section 144 was imposed in the Malakand Division for one month.

    The report noted that on June 24, Section 144 was extended to prohibit swimming and boating in Swat River. Of the 17 trapped tourists, four were rescued, 12 bodies were recovered, and search efforts for one person are still ongoing.

    Also Read: DC Swat removed, four officials suspended

    The report further revealed that 75 people were swept away in various parts of Swat. As a result, several key officials, including the DC, ADC, and AC of Babuzai and Khwazakhela, were suspended. The district emergency officer and tehsil municipal officer of Swat were also relieved of their duties.

    In the aftermath of the tragedy, on June 28, the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa chief secretary visited the site and imposed a complete ban on all mining activities.

    Meanwhile, a report by the K-P irrigation department revealed earlier that the flow of the Khwazakhela River surged dramatically by 71,044 cusecs — from 6,738 to 77,782 cusecs — within a few hours on June 27. The sudden rise left a family stranded on the riverbed with no opportunity to return to safety.

    According to the report, the irrigation department issued an early warning at 8:41 am, alerting all relevant departments. Deputy commissioners of Swat, Charsadda, and Nowshera were informed in advance, and regular updates were shared via WhatsApp. A formal flood alert was issued at 10:30 am.

    The department claimed it repeatedly sent alerts to Swat DC, PDMA, ADC Relief, and other relevant officials. The tourists reportedly entered the middle of the Khwazakhela River when the water level was stable, but became trapped as it began to rise. They waited for the water to recede, but the level continued to increase rapidly.

    The report recommended equipping Rescue 1122 with flood rescue tools and urged hotel owners to restrict tourist movement to safe areas. It also called on the local administration to develop a comprehensive plan to manage tourist movement and suggested the installation of telemetry gauges in Madian and Kalam for better flood monitoring.

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  • Islamabad HC overturns 10-year sentences of four Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf members in May 9 riots case – ANI News

    1. Islamabad HC overturns 10-year sentences of four Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf members in May 9 riots case  ANI News
    2. IHC overturns 10-year sentences of 4 PTI workers in May 9 riots case  Dawn
    3. IHC adjourns appeals in May 9 riots case  nation.com.pk
    4. May 9: IHC overturns sentence of 4 PTI workers  The Express Tribune
    5. IHC acquits PTI workers in May 9 Ramna police station attack case  24 News HD

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  • Crumbs! Biscuit museum’s Jaffa Cake display reignites old debate | Food & drink industry

    Crumbs! Biscuit museum’s Jaffa Cake display reignites old debate | Food & drink industry

    It could be described as a storm in a teacup but the humble Jaffa Cake is once again at the centre of controversy after McVitie’s asked a biscuit museum to pull the snack from a display.

    The manufacturer took issue with the orangey treat being showcased in a museum devoted to biscuits because, for VAT purposes anyway, it is officially a cake. This fact was settled long ago in a legal battle with the taxman.

    The David and Goliath-style row – which some suggested had been orchestrated by McVitie’s to boost sales – has reignited the debate.

    Days after the biscuit museum in Bermondsey, south London, unveiled the display, McVitie’s sent it a cease-and-desist-style letter requesting “the immediate removal of Jaffa Cakes from your biscuit exhibit”.

    However, it sought to sweeten the pill by diluting the legalese with biscuit-based puns. “We write to you today, not with crumbs of animosity, but with a full slice of firm objection,” it says. “Allow us to be clear: Jaffa Cakes are, in fact, cakes. Some would say the clue is in the name on the box.”

    McVitie’s and the biscuit museum, officially called the Peek Frean Museum, said they were yet to agree on a resolution. The museum’s curator, Gary Magold, said, “It’s a shame – we’ve had to remove the exhibition for the moment. We’re hoping we can reach an agreement.”

    The subtleties of the “is it a cake or biscuit?” debate have likely filled many a tea break but the tax law is clear: biscuits are zero-rated, but as soon as the makers start covering them with chocolate they attract 20% VAT. This was at the heart of the Jaffa Cakes case, which came to a head in 1991.

    HM Customs & Excise (the predecessor of HMRC) said they were biscuits, and that their chocolatey topping was taxable. The manufacturer McVitie’s insisted they were cakes, which are zero-rated. It won, and those smashing orangey bits can be enjoyed tax-free.

    This week’s skirmish lit up social media message boards. One poster tried to shut the debate down, stating: “A biscuit goes soft when you leave it out. A cake goes hard. There’s your answer.”

    Others questioned whether there was a darker subtext. “They just want to hide how much the thing have [sic] shrunk – shrinkflation strikes again.”

    In recent years Jaffa Cake fans have faced diminishing returns. Not only has the number in the box reduced but two years ago the “cakes” shrank in size from 5.5cm to 5cm across. The orange bump became smaller, too.

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