- 41 more Palestinians martyred in Israeli attacks on Gaza RADIO PAKISTAN
- Israel says it ‘deeply regrets’ strike on Gaza’s only Catholic church, pledges investigation CNN
- Updates: Israel kills 41 in Gaza; Syria to redeploy forces to Suwayda Al Jazeera
- At least 18 Palestinians killed in Israeli attacks across Gaza since dawn Dawn
- At least 10 killed in Israeli strikes across Gaza since dawn The Express Tribune
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41 more Palestinians martyred in Israeli attacks on Gaza – RADIO PAKISTAN
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Agricultural dust exposure may pose significant risks to gut health
Inhaling agricultural dust may pose significant risks to gut health for workers in animal agriculture, a University of California, Riverside, study has found.
Led by Declan McCole, a professor of biomedical sciences in the UCR School of Medicine, the study expands on prior findings that hog farm dust causes airway inflammation. The researchers now report in the Journal of Applied Toxicology that inhaling this dust also alters the gut microbiome and impairs intestinal function, including increased “leaky gut” or intestinal permeability. Leaky gut is associated with a range of chronic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and type 1 diabetes.
“Exposure to swine farm dust, which contains high levels of bacteria and endotoxins, caused both airway inflammation and increased passage of gut bacterial products into the bloodstream in our mouse models,” said Meli’sa Crawford, a former postdoctoral researcher in McCole’s lab and the paper’s first author. “But what’s especially striking is the impact we observed on the gut microbiome and metabolism.”
The researchers exposed mice intranasally to hog dust extract for three weeks. The mice showed a significant drop in beneficial bacterial species, including Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridium sp. ASF356, and Lachnospiraceae bacterium.
The research team also found decreased levels of critical compounds in the gut of the mice, such as riboflavin, nicotinic acid, inosine, and leucine – key players in energy metabolism, immune regulation, and gut barrier maintenance.
While most research has focused on the respiratory effects of farm dust, our findings clearly show that inhaled pollutants can have systemic consequences. This research underscores the importance of considering the gut–lung axis when assessing the health risks of bioaerosol exposure in agriculture.”
Declan McCole, professor of biomedical sciences, UCR School of Medicine
The study builds on growing evidence that pollution from concentrated animal feeding operations can impact multiple organ systems.
“Agricultural dust is rich in fine particulate matter and resistant bacteria, presenting a complex threat to farmworkers’ health,” McCole said. “Our earlier work showed that inhaled hog dust extract leads to neutrophilic lung inflammation. We now show the link to intestinal barrier dysfunction and microbial imbalance, highlighting the need for improved workplace protections for agricultural workers to mitigate long-term health consequences.”
The study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health; University of California, Davis-Western Center for Agricultural Health and Safety; and University of California Presidential Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. Crawford is now an assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at Rutgers University in New Jersey.
The title of the research paper is “Respiratory Exposure to Agriculture Dust Extract Alters Gut Commensal Species and Key Metabolites in Mice.”
Source:
University of California – Riverside
Journal reference:
Crawford, M. S., et al. (2025). Respiratory Exposure to Agriculture Dust Extract Alters Gut Commensal Species and Key Metabolites in Mice. Journal of Applied Toxicology. doi.org/10.1002/jat.4808.
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Ukraine war briefing: EU and UK increase sanctions on Russia as drone strike on Odesa kills one | Ukraine
One person was killed and at least one apartment building set alight in Odesa after Russian forces staged a mass drone attack on the Ukrainian Black Sea port. The city’s mayor, Gennadiy Trukhanov, said at least 20 drones had converged on the city. “Civilian infrastructure was damaged as a result of the attack. A residential high-rise building is on fire” and rescuers were pulling people out, he said. The Odesa region’s emergency service said later that five people were rescued from burning apartments but “one rescued woman died”.
The Russian defence ministry said its air defence systems destroyed 87 Ukrainian drones in a five-hour period on Friday evening, including over the Bryansk region bordering northern Ukraine and the Moscow region. Russian aviation authorities were once again forced to suspend flights at Sheremetyevo and Domodedovo airports serving Moscow. The Moscow mayor, Sergei Sobyanin, said 13 drones were downed or destroyed after midnight, but made no mention of casualties or damage. The acting governor of Rostov region, on Ukraine’s eastern border, said Ukrainian drones triggered fires and knocked down power lines.
The EU on Friday agreed an 18th package of sanctions against Russia, including measures aimed at restricting the Russian oil and energy industry. The EU will set a moving price cap on Russian crude at 15% below its average market price, aiming to improve on a largely ineffective $60 cap that the G7 economies have tried to impose since December 2022. The measures were approved after Slovakia dropped its opposition in exchange for further guarantees on gas imports.
Kaja Kallas said the measures by the EU would be “one of its strongest sanctions packages against Russia to date”. “We will keep raising the costs, so stopping the aggression becomes the only path forward for Moscow,” said the EU foreign policy chief.
The UK announced it would join the price cap, dealing a blow to Moscow’s oil revenues. “The UK and its EU allies are turning the screw on the Kremlin’s war chest by stemming the most valuable funding stream of its illegal war in Ukraine even further,” said the chancellor, Rachel Reeves, at a G20 meeting in South Africa.
The Kremlin spokesman, Dmitry Peskov, complained to reporters that Russia considered “such unilateral restrictions illegal”. “We oppose them,” he said. “But at the same time, of course, we have already acquired a certain immunity from sanctions. We have adapted to life under sanctions.”
The German chancellor, Friedrich Merz, said the possibility of Ukraine joining the EU by 2034 was unlikely. “For us, the absolute top priority is, first and foremost, to do everything possible to end this war,” Merz said on Friday. “Then we’ll talk about the reconstruction of Ukraine … but that’s going to take a number of years.” He said it would “probably not even affect the EU’s current medium-term financial outlook”, which runs to 2034. The European Commission president, Ursula von der Leyen, said in Kyiv in February that Ukraine could join the EU before 2030 if the country continued reforms at the current speed and quality.
Ukraine’s top military commander, Oleksandr Syrskyi, said on Friday that his forces were “containing intense pressure” from Russia on Pokrovsk, a logistics hub in eastern Donetsk region that has weathered months of Russian attempts to capture it. Syrskyi said he had presented a report to the president describing the challenges facing Ukrainian troops along the 1,000km (620-mile) front. “The enemy is continuing to deploy its tactic of small infantry groups, but has proved powerless on its attempts to seize Pokrovsk. Today, they tried to break through with sabotage groups but were exposed and destroyed,” Syrskyi wrote on Telegram.
The first tranche of Australian tanks has been handed over to the Ukrainian army. Australia had previously pledged to give Ukraine 49 Abrams tanks last October. A majority of the tanks have been delivered and a final tranche will arrive in the coming months, but actual numbers have not been released.
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PM reaffirms diplomatic, moral, political support to Kashmiris – RADIO PAKISTAN
- PM reaffirms diplomatic, moral, political support to Kashmiris RADIO PAKISTAN
- Kashmiris to mark accession to Pakistan Day tomorrow Ptv.com.pk
- Resolution of Kashmir issue guarantee of peace: PM The Express Tribune
- Shehbaz Sharif Reaffirms Support for Kashmiris on Kashmir Accession Day Khyber News
- Pakistan supports Kashmiris strongly Daily Lead Pakistan
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Japan’s PM Shigeru Ishiba faces uphill battle in upper house election amid rising prices and U.S. tariffs – The Hindu
- Japan’s PM Shigeru Ishiba faces uphill battle in upper house election amid rising prices and U.S. tariffs The Hindu
- Japan’s politics is entering a messy new era The Economist
- Newsquawk Week Ahead: ECB, PBoC LPR, Global PMIs and the Japanese Upper House Election TradingView
- Japan’s Kato Aware Market Views Over Debt Driving Bonds Bloomberg.com
- ‘Clumsy’ Japanese PM Ishiba’s future in the balance France 24
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New insights into diagnosis and treatment of tibial tubercle avulsion fractures in young athletes
As youth engagement in high-energy sports surges, so does the prevalence of sport-related injuries. Among them, tibial tubercle avulsion fractures (TTAFs) represent a small but serious subset, accounting for less than 3% of pediatric fractures. These injuries commonly affect adolescent boys and are associated with risk factors such as delayed skeletal maturity, Osgood-Schlatter disease, and abnormal body mass index. Diagnosis can be complex, as symptoms mimic other knee conditions, and imaging beyond basic X-rays is often required. Despite several classification systems, no consensus exists on standardized treatment protocols. Due to these challenges, there is a growing need for in-depth studies to better understand and manage TTAFs.
In a recent review (DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.2521) published in Pediatric Discovery (2025), researchers from the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and Sichuan University examined the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of TTAFs in children and adolescents. These injuries, though rare, are becoming more frequent due to rising sports participation among youth. The article reviews decades of literature and new clinical findings to offer guidance for orthopedic surgeons facing this unique challenge in pediatric care.
The study delves into how TTAFs occur—often during sudden movements like jumping or landing, when the quadriceps muscle forcefully contracts and pulls on the tibial tubercle. The authors explain how specific anatomical features and the stages of bone development make adolescents particularly vulnerable. While boys face higher risk due to later growth plate closure and greater quadriceps strength, the presence of Osgood-Schlatter disease or extreme BMI—whether high or low—also heightens susceptibility. Diagnostic tools such as CT and MRI are recommended to detect hidden soft tissue damage and guide surgical planning. Multiple classification systems are discussed, with the Ogden system remaining the most widely used despite its limitations. Treatment options range from conservative casting for stable fractures to surgical methods like open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) for displaced or complex cases. The review underscores the variability in clinical decisions due to the lack of evidence-based guidelines and highlights the importance of monitoring for complications like compartment syndrome, which can be life-altering if untreated.
Many of these young patients are active in sports and unaware of their risk until an injury sidelines them. What this review emphasizes is the need for vigilance—not just in diagnosis, but in understanding the subtle risk factors like growth plate maturity and muscle force imbalances. With proper identification and early treatment, most children recover fully and return to their activities.”
Dr. Xing Liu, senior orthopedic surgeon at Chongqing Medical University
This study provides clinicians with a critical update on recognizing and treating TTAFs in pediatric patients. Its insights help bridge the gap between injury mechanism, clinical presentation, and long-term recovery strategies. As sports-related injuries in children grow more common, this knowledge equips orthopedic specialists with the tools to make timely interventions and reduce complications. Looking forward, developing unified clinical guidelines and further exploring risk factors like BMI and OSD may improve both treatment precision and outcomes. With appropriate care, young patients can return to full function—sometimes even stronger than before.
Source:
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Journal reference:
Yao, H., et al. (2025). Tibial tubercle avulsion fractures in children and adolescents. Pediatric Discovery. doi.org/10.1002/pdi3.2521.
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Summer taste test – ice-creams, lollies and pops
Portrait by Alex Lake
BEST BUY Gianni’s pistachio chocsticks
£2.49 for 4, aldi.co.ukObviously pistachio. The ice-cream is creamy; it pairs well with the chocolate. The pistachio flavour isn’t strong, but the pieces in the chocolate make up for it. I’d demolish that on a Sunday.
★★★★★
Taste the Difference pineapple, coconut and lime lollies
£2.50 for 4, sainsburys.co.ukThis is refreshing and not too sweet. It reminds me of the ice-cream from my childhood in Australia. I’m getting pineapple and lime – good flavours for summer.
★★★★
Jude’s Ice Cream mint choc chip minis
£4.50 for 6, sainsburys.co.ukIf you like mint choc chip, you’ll love this. The chocolate doesn’t taste cheap; I like the crunchy bits. You can tell the ice-cream is peppermint. The colour is pleasant.
★★★★
Tesco summer berry sorbet ice-cream cones
£1.25 for 4, tesco.comThe sorbet is nice – you can tell it’s berries. The ice-cream is bland. Good crispy cone; is there chocolate at the bottom? Yes! The best bit.
★★★
Wavey Ice kola and spiced rum alcoholic ice pop
£29.99 for 15, waveyice.comIt’s strong. In my 20s I’d have boshed these, but I’m a bougie bastard now. Good for party animals at festivals. Overly sweet. I need water.
★★★
Pola Poles passion fruit and lime sorbet pop
£9.99 for 10, polapoles.co.ukIs it tropical fruit? They could dial up whatever the flavour is, but I would eat this happily. It tastes like it’s made for kids.
★★★
Lickalix mango raspberry swirl lollies
£4.25 for 3, ocado.comIs it mango? It should taste powerful, like you’ve licked an actual mango. This is OK, but not full-bodied enough. The raspberry isn’t very prominent.
★★★
M&S Food creamy coconut bars
£5 for 6, ocado.comIt’s a choice to use desiccated coconut; it is going for a Bounty-type bar. I’m not mad at it. My thinking is that it’s probably not high-quality chocolate, but with the ice-cream it’s fine.
★★★
Tesco cola float lollies
£1.50 for 6, tesco.comIt’s cola, right? It tastes childish, but in a nice way. It doesn’t look particularly appealing, but you get a real hit of flavour and it isn’t watery. Not bad at all.
★★★
Morrisons tiramisu gelato
£2.75 for 480ml, morrisons.comTiramisu! Cocoa powder is a dead giveaway. The coffee sauce is very sweet. Is it tiramisu if there’s no biscuit? The texture seems too airy for gelato.
★★
Waitrose Essential Fruit split
£1.60 for 6 mixed flavours, waitrose.comThe outside is too hard and sickly sweet; the ice-cream is too soft and tastes… empty. I grew up eating fruit splits – this isn’t a good one.
★★
Asda Exceptional Belgian chocolate dairy ice-cream
£2.98 for 500ml, asda.comIs it vegan chocolate? No. Chocolate ice-cream needs to be luxurious, and use good-quality chocolate, but this is average. It tastes a little watery to me.
★★
Waitrose Essential Dark choc ices
£2.15 for 8, waitrose.comNot nice. The coating is the right thickness, but if it’s dark chocolate it’s very sweet. The ice-cream looks like it could be banana, but tastes of bland vanilla.
★
Wowsers Organic amazing almond ice-cream lollies
£4.95 for 3, ocado.comIt’s lacking. The ice-cream tastes like vanilla… at a stretch. Very bland. The chocolate is too sweet and the nuts aren’t roasted enough. I wouldn’t buy this one.
★
All items are blind tested. The Happy Endings Cookbook by Terri Mercieca (HarperCollins, £26) is out now. Order a copy at observershop.co.uk for £23.40. Delivery charges may apply
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On The Origins Of Life: Recreating Cellular Metabolism
The chemical process begins with the activation of a fatty acid, which then spontaneously couples with a lysophospholipid (LP) to generate a phospholipid. The chemical linkage formed is transient and eventually the phospholipid returns to its LP and fatty acid precursors. The stars represent chemical energy activating the fatty acid. (cr: Neal Devaraj lab / UC San Diego)
At some point during the evolution of life on Earth, inorganic matter became organic, nonliving matter became living. How this happened is one of humankind’s greatest mysteries. Today, scientists work to develop synthetic cells that mimic living cells, hoping to uncover clues that will help answer the question: how did life on Earth begin?
While there’s no single definition of life, three elements recur across biology:
- compartmentalization – a barrier that separates a cell’s interior from the environment;
- metabolism – building up and breaking down molecules to carry out cell function; and
- selection – a process in which certain molecules are favored over others.
In the past, researchers have focused on compartmentalization, but not on metabolism. Yet this cycle of building up and breaking down molecules is a critical aspect of how living cells respond to environmental stimuli, replicate and evolve.
Now researchers from the University of California San Diego have designed a system that synthesizes cell membranes and incorporates metabolic activity. Their work appears in Nature Chemistry and is featured on the cover of the June 2025 issue.
“Cells that lack a metabolic network are stuck — they aren’t able to remodel, grow or divide,” stated Neal Devaraj, the Murray Goodman Endowed Chair in Chemistry and Biochemistry at UC San Diego and principal investigator on the paper. “Life today is highly evolved, but we want to understand if metabolism can occur in very simple chemical systems, before the evolution of more complex biology occurred.”
Lipids are fatty compounds that play a crucial role in many cell functions. In living cells, lipid membranes serve as barriers, separating cells from the external environment. Lipid membranes are dynamic, capable of remodeling themselves in response to cellular demands.
As a crucial step in understanding how living cells evolved, Devaraj’s lab designed a system where lipids can not only form membranes, but through metabolism, can also break them down. The system they created was abiotic, meaning only nonliving matter was used. This is important in helping understand how life emerged on prebiotic Earth, when only nonliving matter existed.
“We are trying to answer the fundamental question: what are the minimal systems that have the properties of life?” said Alessandro Fracassi, a postdoctoral scholar in Devaraj’s lab and first author on the paper.
The chemical cycle they created uses a chemical fuel to activate fatty acids. The fatty acids then couple with lysophospholipids, which generate phospholipids. These phospholipids spontaneously form membranes, but in the absence of fuel, they break down and return to the fatty acid and lysophospholipid components. The cycle begins anew.
Now that they’ve shown they can create an artificial cell membrane, they want to continue adding layers of complexity until they have created something that has many more of the properties we associate with “life.”
“We know a lot about living cells and what they’re made of,” stated Fracassi. “But if you laid out all the separate components, we don’t actually understand how to put them together to make the cell function as it does. We’re trying to recreate a primitive yet functional cell, one layer at a time.”
In addition to shedding light on how life may have begun in an abiotic environment, the development of artificial cells can have a real-world impact. Drug delivery, biomanufacturing, environmental remediation, biomimetic sensors are all possibilities over the coming decades as we continue to deepen our understanding of how life on Earth came to be.
“We may not see these kinds of advancements for 10 or 20 years,” Devaraj noted. “But we have to do the work today, because we still have so much to learn.”
Authors: Alessandro Fracassi, Andrés Seoane, Hong-Guen Lee, Alexander Harjung and Neal K. Devaraj (all UC San Diego); and Roberto J. Brea (Universidade da Coruña (Spain)).
This work was funded by the National Science Foundation (CHE-2304664).
Abiotic lipid metabolism enables membrane plasticity in artificial cells, Nature
Astrobiology,
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Chinese army scientists propose a super X-rail gun much more powerful than the navy’s
The Chinese navy’s rail gun has shocked the world. It was mounted on a ship as early as 2018 – the first ever on the planet – and was widely viewed as a coup for China’s future weapon technology.But power has become its curse. When the current is too strong, metal liquefies. Shells are capped at 15kg (33lbs).
It is too light to sink a ship. Too weak for war. Now the army has stepped in. Their solution: cross-stacking two rail guns into one.This will nearly double the force. As bore pressure jumps, shells can hit 30kg at Mach 7, according to the project team led by Professor Lyu Qingao, associate professor with the Army Engineering University of PLA in Shijiazhuang.
“While the navy’s electromagnetic rail gun has resolved power supply challenges, its firing power still falls far short of the targets,” wrote Lyu and his colleagues in an April paper published in the Journal of Army Engineering University of PLA.“This has hampered the technological advancement and military application of electromagnetic rail guns.”Continue Reading
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Tour de France tech to help you ride like a pro
The Tour de France is now in full swing: 176 riders set off from Lille on July 5 and after 21 stages and 3,338.8km they will finish in Paris on July 27. It is one of the greatest sporting spectacles on earth and there is a lot of shiny cycling tech on show.
We may never be as good as those cyclists as we set out into the country lanes in the UK, but we can certainly try to look and feel the part. Below are eight upgrades you can make to bring you that little bit closer to the peloton.
SunGod glasses — Ineos Grenadiers
Clarity of vision is perhaps the most important aspect of cycling, especially when it comes to safety. SunGod’s 8KO nylon lenses are some of the clearest on the market and with their fully customisable frames that come with a lifetime warranty these are some of the best cycling glasses on the market. The Vulcans are the classic and if you really want to channel your inner pro you can get the exact ones Geraint Thomas of Ineos Grenadiers wears.
£150, sungod.co
The Rudy Project Nytron helmet
Rudy Project Nytron helmet — Bahrain Victorious
It wasn’t so long ago that professionals didn’t wear helmets. Now watching clips of races from the 1990s and earlier seems quaint — and dangerous. Luckily helmets have become not just a necessity but a statement too. One of the best looking and lightest helmets on the market is the Rudy Project. It doesn’t weigh you down and is easy on the neck.
£189.99, rudyproject.co.uk
Pirelli P-Zero Race TLR RS tyres
Pirelli P-Zero Race TLR RS tyres — Alpecin-Deceuninck
Don’t sacrifice durability for speed. If Pirelli P-Zeros can tackle the cobbles of Paris-Roubaix and the gravel of Strade Bianche they will give you the performance and strength you need. I ride the 28mm version, which are comfortable on England’s roads and provide great confidence through corners, especially on descents. These premium tyres look nice on the bike too with their classic yellow accents.
£82, pirelli.com
The Wahoo Elemnt ROAM GPS bike computer
Wahoo Elemnt ROAM GPS bike computer — UAE Team Emirates-XRG
Perhaps the slightly smaller Wahoo Bolt is more widely used among the pros but the Roam is the better option for those of who can but dream of averaging 45km/h over 180km. The Roam is bigger, meaning its screen has even more space for maps (so hopefully fewer wrong turns). The combination of buttons and touch-screen is also welcome, especially for the winter months when gloved hands mean unresponsive tapping. Above all, the battery life is incredible — and this is the main reason to choose it over the Bolt. This will support you over those long rides and on multiple days, not just all-out races.
£399.99, uk.wahoofitness.com
The 4iiii Precistion 3+ power meter
4iiii Precision 3+ power meter
Data, data, data. What more data can a cyclist want? Perhaps the key metric of measuring performance output is with a power meter. Every truly committed rider uses one and with the 4iiii meter you can have your existing crank fitted with an accurate measure which relays that info directly to your cycling computer for real-time watt-watching. This is the ultimate training tool on top of your heart-rate monitor. Understanding your FTP (Functional Threshold Power) is essential if you want to ride like a pro.
£399.99, shop-uk.4iiii.com
Amacx nutrition — Visma-Lease a Bike
If you want to fuel like a Tour de France pro, then look at what they’re taking on over a stage. Visma-Lease a Bike, the team of the two-time Tour de France champion Jonas Vingegaard, use Amacx. If it’s good enough for them, it’s good enough for us. The gels are tasty without being over-sweet and easy to consume on the go. The opening tab is tethered to the package so it’s almost impossible to drop bits of plastic.
Tour de France Bundle £85, amacx.com
The Sprinter jersey from Ale Cycling
Ale kit — Groupama-FDJ
High-quality kit, as worn by the French team Groupama-FDJ, will make the world of difference on your long Sunday rides. Ale has produced comfortable fitting gear that doesn’t constrict or chafe and feels good all day. Pair a Sprinter jersey with Voltage shorts. The chamois pad will enable you to ride for hours and you’ll look good too.
£150, jersey: alecycling.com; bib-shorts: lecycling.com
Wahoo Trackr Radar
OK, so you won’t see this one at the Tour de France, but it’s a little bit of tech I think all riders should incorporate on their training rides. The Wahoo Trackr Radar is a rear light that senses traffic behind you. It is no replacement for looking around, but when wind is rushing by your ears this device will alert you (through your cycling computer) when a car is 25m behind you, giving you far more time to react and making cars less of a surprise. If a car is moving particularly quickly towards you it will give you a different, more urgent notification. The light flashes when a car approaches, alerting the car, but it also has an accelerometer in it, meaning when you brake the light shines brighter acting as a warning that you are slowing. Finally, the pièce de résistance, it displays on your computer how many cars are behind you and how close they are, all making riding that bit safer.
£180, uk.wahoofitness.com
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