Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot platform Character.AI has launched a social feed for mobile that lets users not only scroll through posts but also “interact, remix and build on” what others have created.
Rolling out on Monday (Aug. 4) on the Character.AI mobile app, the new Feed features user-generated characters, scenes, streams, short-form videos and other content with which users can interact. The feature was first teased in June.
Karandeep Anand, CEO of Character.AI, said people “can come to Feed for a lean-back experience and watch content from our amazing creators — but you can also take the story forward or create a new epic adventure.”
Users can rewrite narratives, insert themselves into storylines or move characters from one context into another, such as from scenes to streams.
To support content creation, Character.AI is introducing a suite of multimodal tools:
Chat Snippets, which let users share parts of a conversation to showcase a character’s persona.
Character Cards, which preview characters and invite others to chat with them.
Streams, where characters debate topics, engage in verbal battles or create video blogs.
Avatar FX, which creates videos of characters or anything else. Start by inputting an image and a short script.
Image, which creates backgrounds based on chat content.
These features are intended to give creators new ways to showcase their AI characters and to further integrate storytelling with interactive media.
The company says the Feed “kicks down the wall between consumption and creation” and propels Character.AI into “AI-powered entertainment.”
Other companies embedding generative AI into social feeds — but not necessarily enabling remixing of posts — include Meta and OpenAI.
Meta is building AI‑generated characters with bios and profile pictures that can generate and share content on social media, said Connor Hayes, the company’s vice president of product for generative AI.
Meanwhile, OpenAI is reportedly developing a prototype social network centered on ChatGPT’s image‑generation capabilities, according to an April report from The Verge.
Related news: Google’s Character.AI Deal Reportedly Draws Antitrust Attention
Snow Man’s “SERIOUS” bows at No. 1 on the Billboard Japan Hot 100, on the chart dated July 30.
The 12th single by the nine-member boy band is being featured as the theme song for the new Stigmatized Properties: Possession horror movie starring Snow Man member Shota Watanabe, which hit domestic theaters last Friday (July 25). The track launched with 909,496 CDs to rule sales, and the group scores its tenth No. 1 hit on the Japan Hot 100.
HANA’s “Blue Jeans” slips a notch to No. 2 after debuting at No. 1 last week. The track rules streaming for the second week in a row, while coming in at No. 11 for sales and No. 4 for downloads. The breakout seven-member girl group has five songs charting on the tally this week, with “ROSE” at No. 9, “Burning Flower” at No. 17, “Tiger” at No. 23, and “Drop” at No. 29.
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CUTIE STREET’s new song “Kyuu ni stop dekimasen!” follows at No. 3. The track had been available digitally since May 7, but soared on the tally after the CD version dropped July 23 and sold 505,909 copies in its first week. The latest single by the eight-member ASOBISYSTEM girl group comes in at No. 2 for sales and No. 37 for video views.
Mrs. GREEN APPLE’s “Carrying Happiness” rises 10-4 this week, hitting No. 1 for radio airplay. Streams for the Tokyo Disney Resort summer event theme song is up to 132% from last week and video views to 222%.
LiSA’s “Zankoku na yoru ni kagayake” (English title: “Shine in the Cruel Night”) hits No. 5, breaking into the top 10 from No. 39. This is one of the two theme songs gracing the blockbuster animated movie Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – The Movie: Infinity Castle — Part 1: Akaza Returns alongside Aimer’s “Taiyo ga Noboranai Sekai” (English title: “A World Where the Sun Never Rises,” at No. 8 this week). The digital version was released on July 19 and the CD dropped on the 23rd. The latest Kimetsu collab by the “Homura” songstress rules downloads, while coming in at No. 7 for sales, No. 14 for streaming, No. 6 for radio, and No. 17 for video.
In other chart news, J-pop summer staples are back on the Japan Hot 100. YUI’s “SUMMER SONG” (2010) rises 41-38, aiko’s “Hanabi” (1990) jumps 80-52, Keisuke Kuwata’s “Naminori Johnny” (“Johnny Surfer,” 2002) is at No. 73, Kuwata-led Southern All Stars’ classic “Manatsu no Kajitsu” (1990) is at No. 84, and Yuzu’s “Natsuiro” is at No. 86.
The Billboard Japan Hot 100 combines physical and digital sales, audio streams, radio airplay, video views and karaoke data.
See the full Billboard Japan Hot 100 chart, tallying the week from July 21 to 27, here. For more on Japanese music and charts, visit Billboard Japan’s English X account.
This article contains spoilers for the Love Island final.
The winners of ITV2’s latest season of Love Island have been crowned.
Toni Laites and Cach Mercer were announced as winners by presenter Maya Jama during Monday’s live final.
The pair won the public vote and £50,000 prize money, ahead of second-placed finalists Shakira Khan and Harry Cooksley.
Yasmin Pettet and Jamie Rhodes finished in third place, while Angel Swift and Ty Isherwood finished in fourth.
Toni Laites became Love Island UK’s first American contestant when she entered the Villa this summer.
“Thank you to the UK,” she screamed after winning with partner Cach Mercer.
As soon as the episode finished, we spoke to to self-confessed Love Island “super-fans” Harriet and Georgia.
“I’m absolutely thrilled. I’m not gonna lie, it’s like Christmas Day,” says Harriet.
“They so deserved it. It feels like the international Love Island family coming together to celebrate our Toni.”
“100% the right couple won,” Georgia added.
“I feel like it was a close call but they definitely deserved it.”
Toni and Cach’s Love Island journey was not without its difficulties. Earlier in the series, Toni chose to couple with one of the other boys, Harrison, rather than Cach.
After the re-coupling, Cach cried and was consoled by friend and fellow Islander Ty, something Georgia says was a key moment in the series.
“I think where the season was going, almost questioning how genuine a lot of the couples were, it was really nice to see raw emotion coming from someone who was feeling real feelings,” she says.
“Especially it coming from a man, because I think we just don’t see that enough. We don’t see men showing their raw emotion.
“I think it’s one of those things that should be celebrated.”
Harriet agreed, adding: “It was really moving to see someone so in touch with their emotions and really let it out.
“It’s actually really powerful to see him own it, and encourage other men to be in touch with their emotions.”
Couple Dejon Noel-Williams and Meg Moore narrowly missed out on the final after they were dramatically dumped during Sunday’s Episode.
Former Islanders returned to the villa and voted them the least compatible remaining couple.
Love Island’s popularity has risen this year, thanks to the success of the US version of the show and a jump in social media interest.
ITV said this series was on track to be the biggest since Series 9 in January 2023.
It said streams on subscription service ITVX were up 9% year on year, and figures from TikTok show 1 million people have followed Love Island’s official account this year.
Earlier on Monday, ITV bosses announced Love Island All Stars – where previous fan-favourite islanders return to the villa – would get a third series.
They said it would air early next year and take place over six weeks in South Africa.
What do we expect from a K-pop concert? For six-member boy band BOYNEXTDOOR (SUNGHO, RIWOO, JAEHYUN, TAESAN, LEEHAN and WOONHAK), their first tour “KNOCK ON Vol.1” was a coming-of-age story told onstage.
Kicking off at Incheon’s Inspire Arena on Dec. 14–15, 2024, the tour swept through six cities in Japan, then Singapore, Manila, Taipei, Jakarta, Hong Kong and returning to Tokyo, finally wrapping up with a three-night encore at KSPO DOME in Seoul on July 25–27, 2025.
Despite debuting only in May 2023, BOYNEXTDOOR has quickly built a global fanbase, especially among teens and 20-somethings in Korea. Their first tour featured 21 tracks, pulling from four EPs, a soundtrack appearance, and the fan-dedicated song “400 Years.” Though the initial shows drew praise for solid vocals and performance etiquette, some fans expressed reservations about the overall production.
As leader JAEHYUN shared during the second night of their Incheon concert, “Since it was our first concert, we tried to stay close to the original versions to clearly express the group’s identity.” And while the intent was understandable, performing without any concert-specific arrangements — relying solely on the original choreography and the abilities of members just two years into their debut — felt like a tall order for a venue the size of Inspire Arena, which holds up to 15,000 people. Adding to the challenge was the timing: December is one of the busiest months in K-pop, filled with domestic and international awards shows and year-end specials. BOYNEXTDOOR had already proven themselves on those kinds of high-profile stages, and the group’s consistent pride in their live vocals had only heightened expectations.
Still, the fact that fans could share in such a significant moment — the group’s very first solo concert — was meaningful in itself. When ONEDOORs lit up the venue with light sticks and phone flashlights and sang in unison, “So let’s go see the stars,” the stage glowed like a falling starlight, and the members, overcome with emotion, stood teary-eyed, visibly moved. It was the kind of symbolic moment destined to replay itself throughout their career. After the final show ended, the members went live together, sharing their heartfelt reflections and gratitude with fans.
BOYNEXTDOOR
Courtesy Photo
Between the Korea launch and the encore finale, the group’s momentum only grew stronger. On Jan. 6, they released digital single “I LOVE YOU Today,” a breezy band-pop track that became a chart-topper in Korea. Then came “I Feel Good,” the title track of their fourth EP (May 13), which swept music shows, earning their first “quadruple crown.”
BOYNEXTDOOR
Courtesy Photo
Instead of sticking to the usual encore formula — a few new songs, a reshuffled VCR, minor tweaks — “KNOCK ON Vol.1 Final” blew the door open from the first second. The show opened with “Nice Guy,” which originally closed their main set. Notably, this version was identical to the one they performed at the 2024 Mnet Asian Music Awards, complete with synchronized dance breaks and the signature chant: “Who’s there? BOYNEXTDOOR!”
“As WOONHAK said on the first night, ‘There was some regret at first. We waited for this encore show to show everything we’ve got.’” True to his words, the show looked nothing like the Incheon leg — not in setlist, stage design, or wardrobe. Utilizing the KSPO DOME’s relatively low ceiling and wide viewing angles, the backdrop LEDs were fully reconfigured to match each song’s tone. Groovy, retro-tinged openers like “Nice Guy,” “Serenade” and the ‘60s-inspired soul pop track “123-78” were paired with romantic white ensembles and soft-toned visuals, while brighter, bouncier tracks like “Back for More” and “One and Only” leaned into a street-style aesthetic with urban-inspired graphics and costumes. The transitions between sections also stood out for their creative flow: during “Fadeaway,” a dance crew filled the stage as the members exited, sustaining energy without a pause. Elsewhere, the group incorporated sound elements from past album trailers to bridge segments seamlessly. One of the most striking examples came just before “But Sometimes,” the title track of their debut EP (‘WHY..’). RIWOO choreographed a new dance break using the EP’s teaser sound, and all six members joined in — a perfectly-timed detonation of energy before launching into the original track.
Just like their encore concert in Tokyo where the group split into two units — JAEHYUN, LEEHAN, and WOONHAK covered Creepy Nuts’ viral hit “Bling-Bang-Bang-Born,” while SUNGHO, RIWOO, and TAESAN performed Mrs. GREEN APPLE’s “Ao to Natsu (Blue and Summer)” — the Seoul shows also featured special unit stages. This time, they brought to life cover clips that had gone viral on YouTube earlier in March. SUNGHO, RIWOO, and JAEHYUN delivered a charismatic performance of Primary’s “See Through,” while TAESAN, LEEHAN, and WOONHAK earned cheers with their emotive rendition of DAY6’s “Congratulations.”
But above all, it was the introduction of a live band that elevated the encore experience to an entirely new sonic level. Starting from the transition between “Step by Step” and “Amnesia,” the band’s presence became impossible to ignore — amplifying the energy, rhythm, and impact of BOYNEXTDOOR’s music. It felt natural to lead into “I Feel Good,” a track with distinctly rock-oriented textures, but what followed next offered a surprise: a hard cut into “Parental Advisory,” one of the group’s most intense hip-hop tracks. The contrast between genres — yet seamless flow — created a sense of sonic exhilaration that rippled through the crowd.
A particularly moving stretch came with the progression from the tender ballad “Crying” into “Dear. My Darling,” which began with SUNGHO’s solo guitar intro. The emotional buildup peaked with “Pebble,” originally led by a simple guitar riff, but now expanded through the band’s full-bodied arrangement. Even after the members had exited the stage, the musicians continued to play — with the electric guitar and keys holding the atmosphere for nearly a full minute. These same band members would later accompany BOYNEXTDOOR to the Lollapalooza stage.
The official set came to a close with “Earth, Winds & Fire,” the title track from their second EP (‘HOW?’). Poignantly, it was also the very first song that opened their debut concert — completing the arc with perfect symmetry. During the encore segment, most of the members left the main stage and roamed through the arena aisles, connecting directly with fans in both lower and upper sections. All three nights were packed with extended sets, reaching the “encore of encores” each time. The magic of “So let’s go see the stars” returned in full. On the final night, when “Earth, Winds & Fire” made a surprise reappearance during the second encore, WOONHAK shouted, “Put your phones away — let’s really go wild!” And astonishingly, most of the crowd obliged, jumping and dancing with their hands in the air. The final setlist of “KNOCK ON Vol.1 Final” totaled an impressive 27 songs.
BOYNEXTDOOR
Courtesy Photo
“We are six people who love music, and we’re grateful to sing here tonight for ONEDOOR. Thank you. This has been BOYNEXTDOOR.” With JAEHYUN’s closing words, the curtain fell — but the echoes of the music, the raw emotions, and the candid reflections each member had shared lingered in the air.
So back to the original question: What should we expect from a K-pop concert? In a system where most idols begin their training and careers as teenagers, fans often become the closest witnesses to someone’s growth — watching from the very beginning as these artists find their voice, their confidence, and their place in the world. When you’ve shared in someone’s most vulnerable, formative years, there’s little choice but to keep cheering them on. What began seven months ago as a question — a possibility — has since turned into something certain. And the encore concert made it clear just how much collective effort this team poured into delivering that certainty. BOYNEXTDOOR proved their growth, their sincerity, and their purpose. In a concert — the most intimate and immediate moment in an artist’s journey — they succeeded in showing everything fans had come to see, with nothing left behind.
BOYNEXTDOOR
Courtesy Photo
On Saturday, local time, BOYNEXTDOOR took the stage at the Lollapalooza Aftershow — just ahead of their main set — and once again showed how effortlessly they enjoy performing. On Sunday, they presented a full hourlong set on the Lollapalooza Chicago stage. It marked the first time the group delivered a fully realized concert experience in North America. What new fragments of youth will these six boys next door gather in this unfamiliar land, in the middle of summer? One thing is certain: Those glittering pieces won’t belong to BOYNEXTDOOR alone — they’ll linger in the memories of every person who was there to see it.
Kyoto, Aug. 5 (Jiji Press)–A Kyoto University research team has developed a pain-reliever that is comparable to morphine but does not have serious side effects.
Morphine, often administered to cancer patients, has serious adverse effects such as breathing issues and addiction.
According to the team, the newly developed drug, Adriana, is a groundbreaking painkiller, which works on a completely different mechanism to morphine and other existing synthetic opioids. The drug has the potential to revolutionize pain control in the medical field, the team said.
The team also expects that the drug will help resolve the so-called opioid epidemic, in which a large number of deaths occur mainly due to overdoses of opioids.
Its findings were published in the online edition of the U.S. journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Dengue is a viral infection spread to humans by infected mosquitoes and is a leading cause of febrile illness among international travelers.
Based on the record-setting number of Dengue outbreaks in 2024, the WHO has classified Dengue as a grade 3 emergency, placing about four billion people at risk globally.
In recent years, the development of effective vaccines to prevent Dengue has been an essential factor in the global effort to reduce outbreaks.
Still, strategies to maximize second-generation vaccine coverage in endemic regions are needed.
According to a new study published in the journal Vaccines (Volume 62, August 30, 2025, 127558), dengue-endemic countries, such as the Kingdom of Thailand, have already initiated national Human Papillomavirus (HPV) school-based vaccination programs based on recommendations from the WHO.
These researchers wrote, ‘Due to the overlapping age range targeted by many vaccines, including 9vHPV (Merck GARDASIL 9®) and TAK-003 (Takeda’s QDENGA®), integration of Dengue vaccination into these existing programs could be a beneficial approach to increase vaccine coverage and reduce operational costs.’
This phase 3, multicenter clinical trial (NCT04313244) demonstrated the non-inferiority (NI) of the immune response to 9vHPV when co-administered with the live-attenuated dengue vaccine, TAK-003, compared with 9vHPV administered alone, with the primary objective was met.
There was no evidence of interaction caused by the live-attenuated vaccine on the virus-like particle-based 9vHPV immunogenicity and safety.
Similarly, these data suggest that co-administration of TAK-003 with HPV does not compromise TAK-003 immunogenicity or safety.
In the co-administration group, an immune response was elicited against each of the four dengue serotypes, with GMTs of anti-dengue NAbs increasing to 494–1691 at M4 post-vaccination.
Participants who had a previous exposure to Dengue (Dengue seropositive at baseline) showed higher post-vaccination GMTs, which can be explained by the presence of immune memory from their prior dengue infection.
As observed in previous studies with TAK-003, almost all participants (99.6%) had tetravalent seropositivity at M4, irrespective of baseline serostatus.
The co-administration of 9vHPV and TAK-003 was well-tolerated, and there was no clinically relevant adverse impact on the safety or reactogenicity, with no AEs leading to vaccine withdrawal or trial discontinuation.
A limitation of this trial is that a TAK-003-only arm was not included, meaning the NI of the TAK-003 immune response could not be directly evaluated after co-administration. One of the reasons behind this design was that the trial was only considered feasible in dengue-endemic regions.
As of August 4, 2025, Thailand’s Food and Drug Administration has approved the QDENGA vaccine and over 30 other countries, but not the United States. Currently, the U.S. is evaluating the first-generation Dengue vaccine (Dengvaxia) in children in Puerto Rico.
Note: This phase 3 clinical trial was sponsored by Takeda Vaccines, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA, the producer of the QDENGA vaccine.
In pure Tom Holland fashion, get a look at the new Spider-Man suit from the upcoming Brand New Day movie
Almost nothing that happens in Hollywood is an accident. The rat crawled into frame in the final shot of The Departed because Scorsese wanted it to be there (and no amount of CGI can change that fact, you weirdos). So it shouldn’t surprise us that a new look at the Spider-Man suit from Spider-Man: Brand New Day came from the carefully curated social media feed of Spidey himself, Tom Holland.
If you, like me, thought Spider-Man: No Way Home featured way too many murky CGI environments, the photos that Holland posted on his Instagram are a welcome sight. I mean, Spidey is actually standing outdoors, in daylight, on physical objects. Could this signal the return of a more street-level sensibility for Holland’s Spider-Man? Let’s certainly hope so. It’s also good to see director Destin Daniel Cretton in frame, as well. Take a look below.
Image credit: Instagram/Tom Holland
Holland’s reveal comes just a day after Sony Pictures posted a video of Holland hopping around like a boxer before sauntering up to the camera to show off his new threads. I’ll admit that I, too, have bopped around while waiting for a pair of studio doors to open, only to reverse course entirely and walk in the opposite direction before confirming that I was “ready.” My Spider-snark aside, it’s a cute tease, and it’s nice to see Tom Holland as Spidey again.
What’s notable about the new Spidey suit is that it’s got a bigger spider symbol on the chest in comparison to Holland’s previous suits. That said, the abdomen of the spider isn’t as big as the ones we’ve seen on Andrew Garfield and Tobey Maguire’s suits. I’ll admit that I don’t know enough about spider biology in general to say if this new suit’s spider symbol resembles any particular species of spider out in nature. But I’ll leave that job to you all.
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WWE’s SummerSlam took place over the weekend at New Jersey’s MetLife Stadium with hip-hop star Cardi B hosting the Saturday portion of the two-night extravaganza. Though some fans and pundits speculated that the rapper may take the ring to duke it out with WWE Women’s World Champion Naomi — they had sparred on social media leading up to the event — Cardi kept her duties to the mic, sitting ringside for the rest of the evening and giving comedian Druski a playful jab in the torso.
Cardi, whose single “Outside” served as the official theme for SummerSlam, opened the event by walking to the ring and previewing a new record, presumably from her upcoming sophomore album “Am I the Drama?” “We’re coming to you live from the Tri-State!” she screamed to the fans in attendance and those watching at home. “We’re making history tonight because this is the first-ever two-day SummerSlam… We’re going to be talking about this forever!”
Backstage before the event officially started, Cardi could be seen getting some advice from head honcho WWE CCO Triple H. Country singer Breland opened the evening with a rendition of “God Bless America,” and later, Jelly Roll wrestled in his first-ever match in a tag-team with Randy Orton, inevitably getting pinned by Logan Paul.
“If you’ve got the guts and think you can do it and do it well like Jelly Roll, live your dreams,” Bret “Hitman” Hart told Variety at Chase Freedom’s “Summer Bash,” held at New York’s Gramercy Theater on Thursday.
Drama had fueled the run-up to SummerSlam as Cardi had been engaged in a back-and-forth with Naomi on X, threatening to shave the title holder bald and use her hair for a wig. Naomi fired back, telling Us Weekly that it could potentially reach a boiling point at the event. “She better hope she don’t run into me at MetLife,” she said a few days ago. “She’s been talking real crazy and reckless and I don’t like that.”
Cardi backtracked some of her tough talk on social media after seeing some of the female roster in the locker room in person. “I’ve been talking a lot of smack to the WWE girls on Twitter for two weeks,” she said. “You know the the bitches is kinda big. I changed my mind.”
Cardi’s appearance comes in the wake of Travis Scott’s numerous cameos at WWE events, denoting an increasing hip-hop presence in the wrestling world. “I think it’s cool to [have celebrities on WWE programming], keep bringing eyeballs to the product,” WWE Intercontinental Champion “Dirty” Dom Mysterio says. Hart agrees: “I actually like it,” he says.
WWE veteran Ron “The Truth” Killings echoed their sentiments. “All the celebrities and the rappers, when you see them out there [at our shows], they’re really wrestling fans,” he says. “Famous rappers‘ kids request my action figures, they request my peers’ action figures. That relationship between hip-hop and wrestling has been around for a while… Hip-hop is another ingredient that’s been added to this wrestling machine we’ve been watching for years. The rappers [that come out] are all big fans. And to be a part of it is not only a strategic and a business move. When artists come to these shows, they’re blown away it makes them feel like kids again. They really relive their childhoods. If they’ve never watched, they’re bitten by the bug.”
Mysterio’s girlfriend, Liv Morgan, told Variety in April that she was looking forward to potentially mixing it up with Cardi in a fight or tag-teaming with her at SummerSlam. “There’s always been a link to hip-hop and WWE,” she said. “It’s cool to have that opportunity for everyone to have more eyes on the artist. More eyes on us at WWE.”
“I never met Cardi, so I don’t want don’t to speak ill of her,” Dom, in character, says of the potential dust up between the two ladies. “But Cardi always does give props to pops Eddie [Guerrero], props to her.”
Jade Cargil, a WWE Queenpin who’s shown love for Cardi in the past, competed for the Women’s Championship against Tiffany Stratton during SummerSlam on Saturday. Cardi stood up and cheered for Cargil during her ring entrance. Cargil applauded her company’s choice to have Cardi as host.
“Why not?” she says. “She lives with no regard. She’s wild and reckless and that’s what we’re all about. It’s about pushing the limit. Going out there and just showing up and showing out.”
Other highlights from SummerSlam include Seth Rollins making a surprise return from supposedly long-term “injury” to win the World Heavyweight Championship, and Brock Lesnar making a more shocking return after a two-year hiatus to beat down John Cena. Cena had just lost his Championship and symbolically passed the torch to Cody Rhodes in the SummerSlam’s second night main event.
Apple (AAPL, Financials) assembled a dedicated team to develop an in-house AI chatbot, Bloomberg reported Sunday. The Answers, Knowledge and Information unit, formed earlier this year, is working on a stripped-down ChatGPT-like model that could power a standalone app and enhance Siri, Spotlight and Safari search functions.
The company’s pivot marks a change from its 2024 decision to integrate OpenAI’s technology into Siri rather than build its own. Bloomberg said the group is led by Robby Walker, former Siri chief, and is hiring engineers with search algorithm and engine development expertise.
Apple’s AI push follows delays to its upgraded Siri rollout, now expected in the coming year. On its third-quarter earnings call, CEO Tim Cook said Apple is open to acquisitions to accelerate its AI roadmap. The company’s not first, but best approach underscores its strategy to enter the AI race on its own terms; however, competitive pressure from Microsoft, Google and OpenAI is intensifying.
Investors will watch for product announcements tied to Apple Intelligence and the company’s broader AI ecosystem.
Many women continue to use antiseizure medications (ASMs) during pregnancy despite data indicating risks of malformations at birth, according to a recent study published in Neurology.1
The data highlighted a significant increase in the odds of ASM use among pregnant women with a low level of resources vs those with a high level of resources. Additionally, pregabalin and gabapentin had the most significant increases in use over the study period of 28%.1
“These medications can be used for epilepsy, mood disorders, chronic pain and migraine, which often occur at young ages, and sometimes people are taking them before they realize that they are pregnant,” said Rosemary Dray-Spira, MD, PhD, study author from the French National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products.1
Nationwide study tracks trends over nearly a decade
Investigators conducted the nationwide population-based study to assess prenatal ASM exposure trends over the past decade.2 Data was obtained from the National Mother-Child Register EPI-MERES, which includes pregnancies in France from 2010 onwards.
Pregnant women aged 15 to 49 years with prenatal ASM exposure from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2021, and at least 1 health expenditure reimbursement within 2 years before pregnancy onset were included in the analysis. ASM dispensation within 30 days before conception or during pregnancy was defined as the exposure.2
There were 3 categories of ASMs, the first being the safest. This included lamotrigine and levetiracetam. The second category included ASMs with uncertain risk such as gabapentin, pregabalin, oxcarbazepine, clonazepam, and newer ASMs, while the third included those with acknowledged risk such as valpromide, carbamazepine, valproic acid, topiramate, and others.2
Maternal sociodemographic and pregnancy factors such as level of resources, age at pregnancy, livebirth, stillbirth, and pregnancy termination were also obtained. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision codes were used to identify maternal health conditions linked to ASM use.2
Prevalence and types of ASM exposure
There were 55,801 pregnancies exposed to at least 1 ASM during the study period, 49.9% of which were exposed to the safest ASMs, 34.9% those with uncertain risk, and 24.2% those with acknowledged risk. An overall consistent number of ASM-exposed pregnancies was reported between 2013 and 2021, with a median of 6200.2
Different trends were reported across the study period based on ASM safety categories. Between 2013 and 2021, increases of 30% and 33% were reported in the use of ASMs in the safest category and with uncertain risk, respectively. This included a 22% increase in lamotrigine, 64% in levetiracetam, 49% in pregabalin, and 27% in gabapentin.2
Similarly, newer ASM use increased by 140% However, declines were reported in the use of ASMs with acknowledged risk, at -66% overall, -84% for valproic acid, -89% for valpromide, -40% for carbamazepine, and -34% for topiramate.2
Pregnancy outcomes vary by ASM safety category
Pregnancies exposed to the safest ASMs had similar pregnancy characteristics to those unexposed, with mean maternal ages of 30.2 vs 29.7 years, respectively, and low level of resources rates of 18.7% vs 20.4%, respectively. Live birth rates were 74.3% and 73.1%, respectively.2
An older mean maternal age and higher level of socioeconomic deprivation were reported in mothers exposed to ASMs with uncertain risk, at 31.9 years and 18.5%, respectively. Similarly, these values were 31.2 years and 17.9%, respectively, in those exposed to ASMs with acknowledge risks.2
Interruption was reported in 24.9% of mothers exposed to ASMs with uncertain risk vs 32.4% of those acknowledged risk. All ASM-exposed pregnancies reported an increasing level of socioeconomic deprivation regardless of ASM safety category.2
Call for preventive measures
Overall, the data highlighted notable increases in lamotrigine and levetiracetam use over the prior decade, alongside newer ASMs. Investigators concluded measures are needed to reduce the risk of prenatal ASM exposure, especially in patients with a low level of resources.2
“The good news is that use of the drugs with the greatest risks has decreased, and use of the safest drugs has increased, but we are concerned to still see use during pregnancy of some drugs with known risks and new drugs with uncertain risk,” said Dray-Spira.1
References
Use of antiseizure drugs with known or uncertain risks during pregnancy continues. American Academy of Neurology. July 23, 2025. Accessed July 4, 2025. https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1092035.
Shahriari P, Drouin J, Miranda S, Bougas N, Botton J, Dray-Spira R. Trends in prenatal exposure to antiseizure medications over the past decade: A nationwide study. Neurology. 2025;105(4). doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000213933