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  • Cohere hits a $6.8B valuation as investors AMD, Nvidia, and Salesforce double down

    Cohere hits a $6.8B valuation as investors AMD, Nvidia, and Salesforce double down

    Image Credits:Pavlo Gonchar/SOPA Images/LightRocket / Getty Images

    Cohere on Thursday announced that it had raised an oversubscribed $500 million round, bringing its valuation to $6.8 billion. This is up from the $5.5 billion valuation it landed a little over a year ago when it raised its previous round, also $500 million.

    Toronto-headquartered Cohere was one of the first breakout LLM model makers, founded in 2019 by co-founder Aidan Gomez, one of the authors of the “Attention Is All You Need” paper that became the foundation of modern AI. But it has been a sleeper entrant in the AI model wars of late, dominated by OpenAI, Anthropic, and Meta. Its market proposition, however, has always been to offer secure LLMs specifically geared for enterprise use, not for consumers.

    To that end, it’s landed partnerships with some of the biggest names in enterprise tech, including Oracle, Dell, Bell, Fujitsu, LG’s consulting service CNS, and SAP, as well as some big enterprise names like RBC and a new investor in this round: Healthcare of Ontario Pension Plan.

    Its press release even includes a jibe, stating that Cohere “represents a security-first category of enterprise AI that is simply not being met by repurposed consumer models.”

    Still, as TechCrunch reported, Cohere is not above the AI talent-poaching frenzy that has engulfed the other AI companies. It just nabbed long-time Meta research head Joelle Pineau to be its chief AI officer. It also hired a new CFO, Francois Chadwick, away from his consulting gig at KPMG. He had worked in finance at Uber and as CFO at Shield AI.

    The new round was led by Radical Ventures and Inovia Capital. Radical has backed companies like Fei-Fei Li’s World Labs, as well as names like Hebbia and Writer. Inovia is a known Canadian venture firm (e.g., portfolio includes Poolside, Neo4j).

    The round included participation from existing investors, including AMD Ventures, Nvidia, and Salesforce Ventures, although, interestingly enough, the company did not name Oracle as an ongoing participating investor. (We’ve asked Cohere about this.)

    Oracle backed Cohere in 2023, but the database giant has more recently tied its fortunes more closely to OpenAI, particularly as part of the massive data center building project known as Stargate.

    We’re always looking to evolve, and by providing some insight into your perspective and feedback into TechCrunch and our coverage and events, you can help us! Fill out this survey to let us know how we’re doing and get the chance to win a prize in return!

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  • The Impact Of Organic Hazes And Graphite On The Observation Of CO2-rich Sub-Neptune Atmospheres

    The Impact Of Organic Hazes And Graphite On The Observation Of CO2-rich Sub-Neptune Atmospheres

    Modeled transit spectra of GJ 1214b including haze and graphite scenarios. Planet mass 8.17 M⊕/, radius 2.742 R⊕/, and equilibrium temperature ∼596 K are adopted from R. Cloutier et al. (2021). The stellar radius, 0.2162 R, are adopted from A. S. Mahajan et al. (2024). Simulations include a cloud-free atmosphere (cyan), haze analogs produced at 300 K (blue) and 500 K (red), graphite-based aerosols (dark gray), and the graphite-based aerosols using 10% of the number density (5 cm−3 volumetric, light gray) overlaid with observational data from L. Kreidberg et al. (2014); E. M. R. Kempton et al. (2023), and E. Schlawin et al. (2025). The upper panel shows the full wavelength range (0.5-15 µm), while the lower panel provides a magnified view of the visible to near-infrared region (0.5–7 µm), emphasizing haze-induced modulations and absorption features. Hazy scenarios suppress molecular absorption bands and introduce new spectral signatures (e.g., at 3.0, 4.5, 4.7, and 6.0 µm). Graphite shows extreme flattening due to its broadband opacity. — astro-ph.EP

    Many sub-Neptune and super-Earth exoplanets are expected to develop metal-enriched atmospheres due to atmospheric loss processes such as photoevaporation or core-powered mass loss.

    Thermochemical equilibrium calculations predict that at high metallicity and a temperature range of 300-700 K, CO2 becomes the dominant carbon species, and graphite may be the thermodynamically favored condensate under low-pressure conditions.

    Building on prior laboratory findings that such environments yield organic haze rather than graphite, we measured the transmittance spectra of organic haze analogues and graphite samples, and computed their optical constants across the measured wavelength range from 0.4 to 25 µm.

    The organic haze exhibits strong vibrational absorption bands, notably at 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 µm., while graphite shows featureless broadband absorption. The derived optical constants of haze and graphite provide the first dataset for organic haze analogues formed in CO2 -rich atmospheres and offer improved applicability over prior graphite data derived from bulk reflectance or ellipsometry. We implemented these optical constants into the Virga and PICASO cloud and radiative transfer models to simulate transit spectra for GJ 1214b.

    The synthetic spectra with organic hazes reproduce the muted spectral features in the NIR observed by Hubble and general trends observed by JWST for GJ 1214b, while graphite models yield flat spectra across the observed wavelengths.

    This suggests haze features may serve as observational markers of carbon-rich atmospheres, whereas graphite’s opacity could lead to radius overestimation, offering a possible explanation for super-puff exoplanets. Our work supplies essential optical to infrared data for interpreting observations of CO2 -rich exoplanet atmospheres.

    Haixin Li, Chao He, Sai Wang, Zhengbo Yang, Yu Liu, Yingjian Wang, Xiao’ou Luo, Sarah E. Moran, Cara Pesciotta, Sarah M. Hörst, Julianne I. Moses, Véronique Vuitton

    Comments: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted at APJL
    Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
    Cite as: arXiv:2508.07161 [astro-ph.EP] (or arXiv:2508.07161v1 [astro-ph.EP] for this version)
    https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.07161
    Focus to learn more
    Submission history
    From: Haixin Li
    [v1] Sun, 10 Aug 2025 03:20:24 UTC (2,074 KB)
    https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.07161
    Astrobiology,

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  • PepsiCo is breaking out after months of underperformance, charts show

    PepsiCo is breaking out after months of underperformance, charts show

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  • Italian Berrettini withdraws from US Open – Reuters

    1. Italian Berrettini withdraws from US Open  Reuters
    2. Wimbledon Finalist Matteo Berrettini Withdraws From US Open 2025  Telecom Asia Sport
    3. Prayers Pour In for Former US Open Semi Finalists Saddening Withdrawal: “Sad for Him”  EssentiallySports
    4. Tennis-Italian Berrettini withdraws from US Open  Freedom 96.9
    5. Matteo Berrettini’s misfortunes continue after he pulls out of the US Open  Yardbarker

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  • Richardson and Bjergfelt set world records in Turkey but Tanfield misses out | Cycling

    Richardson and Bjergfelt set world records in Turkey but Tanfield misses out | Cycling

    Britain’s Matt Richardson and Will Bjergfelt set world records at a ­special event backed by British Cycling in Turkey on Thursday.

    Richardson became the first man to go under nine seconds in the 200m flying start, recording a time of 8.941sec in Konya. The 26-year-old, who switched allegiance from Australia to Britain last year, surpassed the mark set by Harrie Lavreysen of the Netherlands.

    Richardson said: “It’s a pretty cool feeling to accomplish the one thing I came out here to do. A bit of relief there. It was a lot faster [than I’ve previously ridden], I was basically just a passenger. I gave the bike a bit of direction and it was just steering itself almost.”

    Bjergfelt broke the men’s C5 hour record, covering 51.471km in 60 minutes, comfortably surpassed the previous mark of 47.569km and becoming the first para-cyclist to break the 50km barrier. “I don’t think it’s quite hit home yet that I’ve smashed the world record on the track and that’s a dream come true,” said the 46-year-old.

    skip past newsletter promotion

    Charlie Tanfield missed out on the men’s hour record, covering 53.967km to become the fourth fastest British rider behind ­Bradley Wiggins, Alex Dowsett and the national record holder, Dan Bigham (55.548km).

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  • High Court win for PepsiCo narrows scope of Australian royalty withholding tax and Diverted Profits Tax

    The High Court of Australia has handed down its much-anticipated decision in Commissioner of Taxation v PepsiCo Inc [2025] HCA 30 (the PepsiCo case), which considered the application of royalty withholding tax and the Diverted Profits Tax (DPT) to certain beverage distribution arrangements in Australia.

    By a narrow 4:3 majority, the Court dismissed the Commissioner of Taxation’s appeal and found in favour of the taxpayer, PepsiCo, holding that neither royalty withholding tax nor the DPT applied.

    This decision, handed down on 13 August 2025, will have a significant impact on the tax treatment of distribution arrangements in Australia. It will be important to monitor how the Australian Tax Office (ATO) responds to this case, in particularly in relation to its draft taxation ruling, TR 2024/D1, regarding software distribution arrangements.

     

    Key Findings 
    1. Payments were for concentrate, not royalties

    The majority (Gordon, Edelman, Steward and Gleeson JJ) held that:

    • Under agreements between Schweppes Australia Pty Ltd (SAPL) and PepsiCo entities, payments made by SAPL were solely for concentrate and did not include consideration for the right to use trademarks or other IP.
    • These payments, therefore, did not constitute a royalty.

    The majority placed significant weight on the contractual terms of the legal agreements, and upon the “proper construction of these agreements”, along with contemporaneous evidence, such as invoices sent to SAPL. Notably, the Commissioner did not allege that the concentrate prices were inflated to mask a royalty payment.

    Although the IP licence was an important part of the arrangements, the Court rejected the Commissioner’s view that PepsiCo was not compensated for the IP if no royalty was paid. Instead, the Court accepted that the consideration for the IP was “the performance of the monetary and non-monetary undertakings by SAPL” under the agreements, which were of real value to PepsiCo – even if they were not royalties.

    1. Payments were not “paid or credited” to, or “derived by” PepsiCo

    The High Court unanimously held that royalty withholding tax was not payable in any case because the payments from SAPL under the distribution arrangements were neither “paid or credited” to nor “derived by” PepsiCo or Stokely-Van Camp, Inc. (SVC), a US-based PepsiCo subsidiary that owned certain IP and was a party to the relevant distribution arrangements. 

    The Commissioner argued that SAPL had an “antecedent monetary obligation to PepsiCo”. All seven judges rejected this and held that the payments were received by PepsiCo Beverage Singapore (PBS) on its own account. This was further supported by the fact  that any payment default would give rise to an action for debt only by PBS, the contracting party, and not PepsiCo itself.

    1. No tax benefit for DPT purposes

    The majority found that neither PepsiCo nor SVC obtained a tax benefit in connection with a scheme for DPT purposes.

    The Commissioner’s alternative postulates were rejected as unreasonable because their commercial and economic substance did not align with the actual arrangements. The majority of the Court accepted PepsiCo’s evidence that there were no other reasonable alternate postulates to the current arrangement, on the basis that:

    • Payments were for concentrate only;
    • The arrangement was arm’s length between unrelated parties;
    • The absence of a royalty was consistent with market practice for this business model, adopted by the PepsiCo group since the early 1900s.

     

    Key takeaways

    This decision reinforces the position that cases involving royalty withholding tax and the DPT will always depend heavily on their specifics facts and contractual arrangements.

    For businesses in the food and beverage industry, or other sectors involving the distribution of tangible goods, the outcome of this case provides some reassurance that granting IP rights (e.g., trademarks) for the purpose of local distribution in Australia will not necessarily give rise to a royalty subject to withholding tax.

    However, businesses in the tech sector, particularly those operating under SaaS or software distribution models, should be cautious in applying this decision to their arrangements. A critical aspect of the PepsiCo case was that the distributor’s payments were for a physical product (i.e., the concentrate) rather than intangible software or digital services. As such, the reasoning may not directly apply to software-based business models.

    The judgement also sets the stage for the ATO to finalise its draft software ruling, TR 2024/D1. It will be important to monitor how the ATO addresses royalty withholding tax in the context of software and SaaS arrangements in light of the High Court’s findings.

    Contact us if you need to review your existing arrangements following this determination.

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  • Melting Planets Reveal The Internal History Of Rocky Worlds

    Melting Planets Reveal The Internal History Of Rocky Worlds

    Artistic illustration of the internal structure of a lava planet in a cold state, showing a day‑side magma ocean overlain by a mineral atmosphere. © Romain Jean-Jacques

    An international research team, led by scientists from the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) in collaboration with researchers from Canada and the United Kingdom, reveals in a study published on 29 July 2025 in Nature Astronomy that so-called ‘lava planets’, exoplanets that are extremely close to their star, provide valuable clues about the internal dynamics and chemical evolution of rocky worlds.

    Lava planets, which have one side perpetually facing their star and heated to temperatures capable of melting rock, offer a unique natural laboratory for exploring the interactions between the atmosphere, surface and deep mantle.

    An atmosphere shaped by chemical fractionation

    The study highlights the importance of crystallisation and differentiation processes between solids and liquids deep in the mantle. Using unprecedented numerical simulations, the researchers show that these planets evolve according to two main thermal scenarios:

    • If the planet’s interior is completely molten, the atmosphere reflects the overall composition of the planet, and the night-time surface is unstable and constantly renewed.
    • If the interior is mostly solid, with only a shallow ocean of lava on the illuminated side, the atmosphere is depleted of certain volatile elements such as sodium, potassium and iron.

    As the planet cools, distinct minerals precipitate from the magma and accumulate, altering the composition of the residual lava ocean and, by rebound effect, that of the silicate atmosphere. This gradual chemical transformation is a signature that can be measured from a distance.

    Observations to trace back in time

    Current observation instruments, notably the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), are now capable of measuring the temperature of the night side of these planets. This key data allows us to infer their internal thermal state and, indirectly, their geological history. An international team of astronomers has just been awarded 100 hours of observation on JWST to test the hypotheses proposed in the article.

    Future observations, from the ground or space, will also allow for a more detailed analysis of the composition of their atmospheres. This data will offer a unique window into the interactions between the atmosphere, magma ocean and solid mantle.

    Towards a new geophysics of exoplanets

    This research paves the way for an integrated geophysical approach to the study of rocky exoplanets. By combining interior modelling, atmospheric data and thermal measurements, it becomes possible to reconstruct the evolution of these worlds from their formation to their current state.

    Lava planets, long perceived as exotic curiosities, now appear to be essential keys to understanding the deep history of terrestrial planets, including our own.

    Astrobiology,

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  • Zachary Simmons, MD, Receives AANEM’s 2025 Distinguished Researcher Award

    Zachary Simmons, MD, Receives AANEM’s 2025 Distinguished Researcher Award

    Newswise — Rochester, Minn. (Aug. 14, 2025) – The American Association of Neuromuscular & Electrodiagnostic Medicine (AANEM) proudly announces Zachary Simmons, MD, as the 2025 Distinguished Researcher Award recipient for his impact on neuromuscular and electrodiagnostic medicine. “Much of my career has been dedicated to research into ALS. Being recognized for this is a great honor,” Dr. Simmons said. “It is particularly meaningful because it comes from an organization for which I have such great admiration and respect, and with which I have a long history of involvement.”

    Dr. Simmons joined Penn State in 1992, where he founded and grew the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Clinic, a nationally recognized multidisciplinary center. He served as site principal investigator for over 30 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) clinical trials and led to key contributions, including the development of the ALS-Specific Quality of Life (ALSSQOL), instrument redefining how quality of life is understood in ALS. As editor of Muscle & Nerve and a leader within AANEM, Dr. Simmons has also helped shape the direction of research, education, and mentorship in the field. His ongoing studies explore innovations in communication, respiratory health, and ethical care, all driven by his commitment to improving life for people with ALS.

    Dr. Simmons will be recognized at the 2025 AANEM Annual Meeting Oct. 29-Nov. 1, in San Francisco, California.

     

    About American Association of Neuromuscular & Electrodiagnostic Medicine (AANEM)

    Based in Rochester, MN, AANEM is the premier nonprofit membership association dedicated to the advancement of neuromuscular (NM), musculoskeletal (MSK), and electrodiagnostic (EDX) medicine. The organization and its members work to improve the quality of patient care and advance the science of NM diseases and EDX medicine by serving physicians and allied health professionals who care for those with muscle and nerve disorders. For more information about AANEM, visit www.aanem.org or Facebook, X, LinkedIn, Instagram, and YouTube.

    ###


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  • Broccoli botulism outbreak: Woman describes how she survived from a deadly snack that killed two others |

    Broccoli botulism outbreak: Woman describes how she survived from a deadly snack that killed two others |

    A deadly botulism outbreak in southern Italy has claimed two lives and left more than a dozen people hospitalised, but one 24-year-old student says she is “lucky” to be alive after eating one of the contaminated sandwiches.Authorities say the outbreak has been traced to a food truck operating on the seafront in Diamante, Calabria, whose products have allegedly infected 14 people, including two teenagers. Among the victims were 52-year-old artist and musician Luigi Di Sarno and 45-year-old Tamara D’Acunto, both of whom died after eating the same type of panini.The sandwiches contained grilled sausage and “cime di rapa”, also known as turnip tops, a vegetable similar to broccoli, and were reportedly left in the hot sun for hours, conditions that “could have favoured the proliferation of botulinum toxins in perishable products, especially if not properly stored,” according to prosecutors.‘If my sister hadn’t taken me to the hospital by force, I wouldn’t be here today’

    2

    Speaking to local media, Gaia Vitiello, a languages student at the Federico II University of Naples, described how a late-night snack almost cost her her life. On August 5, after a night out, she and her friends bought sandwiches from the food truck at around 4:30 a.m. “My friends only had mayonnaise, sausage, and chips. I added broccoli. It was the first time I’d ever done that,” she said.Just an hour later, symptoms began. “I had diarrhea. I thought it was indigestion,” Vitiello recalled. “The next day, the symptoms worsened. I couldn’t swallow and my legs were shaking.”Her sister Alessia insisted on taking her to a local clinic — a decision Vitiello initially resisted. Once there, she was transferred to Annunziata Hospital in Cosenza and admitted to intensive care. “If my sister Alessia hadn’t taken me to the hospital by force, I wouldn’t be here today,” she said.She was treated with the appropriate antitoxin and later discharged. “I consider myself lucky,” Vitiello told reporters.

    Investigation widens as authorities secure antitoxin supplies

    The botulism outbreak has triggered a nationwide recall of the commercially produced panini linked to the food truck. As per the recent Daily Mail report, nine people have been brought under investigation, including the truck’s owner, three employees of the company that allegedly produced the sandwiches, and five doctors accused of failing to act quickly enough to save victims.

    3

    Di Sarno’s sister has alleged that he was discharged from hospital despite still feeling sick; he later died.Local health authorities say they are working with national health officials to ensure a significant reserve of antitoxins is readily available at Annunziata Hospital.

    What is botulism and what are its symptoms?

    Botulism is a dangerous illness that is caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum that targets the nervous system and can lead to paralysis, respiratory muscle failure, and death. It is rare but often fatal without prompt treatment.It can develop from contaminated food, infected wounds, or, in infants, when bacterial spores grow in the intestines.The symptoms of foodborne botulism include trouble swallowing or speaking, dry mouth, facial weakness on both sides of the face, blurred or double vision, drooping eyelids, trouble breathing, nausea, vomiting, and paralysis.


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  • Match Report: Yorkshire Men v Somerset, MB50

    Match Report: Yorkshire Men v Somerset, MB50

    Picture by John Clifton/SWPix.com. Matthew Revis drives en-route to a List A best 85. 

    SCORECARD 

    Yorkshire suffered their first defeat in four in the Metro Bank One-Day Cup as former England white-ball seamer Jake Ball claimed four wickets to bowl them out for 247 before opener Archie Vaughan’s all-format career best 95 led a confident chase at Clifton Park, York.

    The White Rose remain nicely placed at the top of the Group B table at the halfway stage of the campaign, though they have been joined on 12 points by a Somerset side who have also won three and lost one. Their win here came by six wickets with five balls remaining. 

    All-rounder Matthew Revis continued his excellent recent form with a List A best run-a-ball 85, but Yorkshire were hurt by the loss of early and late wickets on the same pitch used for Tuesday’s big Roses win over Lancashire. 

    Experienced quick Ball finished with 4-34 from 9.4 overs, his best List A figures in a little over six years. He struck once with the new ball and then three times towards the end. 

    Last year’s One-Day Cup finalists then chased with relative comfort against an attack minus Ben Coad and Jack White having been rested. Nineteen-year-old opener Vaughan hit 11 fours off 127 balls but fell five short of a maiden first-team century. 

    Yorkshire were also missing their in-form opener Imam-Ul-Haq, the ex-Somerset overseas player, because of a minor hip injury. 

    Josh Thomas

    Picture by John Clifton/SWPix.com. Somerset’s Josh Thomas (centre) celebrates after running out Yorkshire’s Will Luxton.

    Imam had scored two hundreds and a fifty in the opening three Group B games and was the leading run-scorer in the competition with 331 to his name.

    And the hosts encountered top-order problems having been inserted, slipping to 28-3 inside 10 overs.

    Adam Lyth was bowled by a beauty from Jake Ball, which uprooted off-stump having angled in and nipped away, before Will Luxton ran himself out for a golden duck next ball as the score fell to 22-2 at the start of the seventh.

    Luxton pushed to Josh Thomas at mid-off and opted to take on the single following a misfield. However, Thomas recovered to throw down the stumps at the non-striker’s end.

    James Wharton then fell caught behind to a brilliant one-handed catch going low to his right by wicketkeeper and captain James Rew off Ben Green’s seam. 

    Revis and opener Fin Bean combined to take 23 off the 14th and 15th overs combined, from seamers James Theedom and Kasey Aldridge, as the pair settled things for Yorkshire. 

    Dan Moriarty

    Picture by John Clifton/SWPix.com. Dan Moriarty hit 30 – his best score across all formats – to help Yorkshire to near 250 in the first innings today.

    They shared 44 in all before Bean, on 28, cut Theedom to backward point, leaving the score at 72-4 in the 18th. It was Theedom’s maiden first-team wicket on debut.

    Revis went on to reach his second fifty of the campaign, this one off 49 balls, as Yorkshire reached 115-4 after 25 overs.

    Revis and Hill were not flustered by the scenario they inherited here and calmly turned the tide.

    With 15 overs remaining in the innings, they had taken the score to 170-4; Revis 81 and George Hill 38. 

    The century stand up also immediately afterwards but so too did Revis’s departure.

    He was caught at midwicket pulling against Green, the first of two wickets in as many overs as Harry Duke played on to Tom Lammonby’s left-arm seam, leaving Yorkshire at 183-6 after 37 overs.

    George Hill

    Picture by John Clifton/SWPix.com. Yorkshire’s George Hill (far left) celebrates after taking the wicket of Tom Lammonby at the start of the Somerset chase.

    Hill, for 41, followed soon after when caught at wide mid-on pulling at Ball before Lammonby had Dom Bess caught on the drive at cover – 204-8 in the 42nd.

    Dan Moriarty then heaved the only two sixes of the innings in a career best 30 before holing out to cover as Ball struck twice in the 49th over to wrap up the innings.

    Somerset then made a composed start to their pursuit of the four points.

    Sheffield-born opener Vaughan, the son of Michael, led the way as he dominated a first-wicket stand of 36 inside eight overs with left-handed Lammonby.

    The latter was the first wicket to fall when he skewed a catch high to a very deep gully, where Lyth held on to a good catch in Hill’s opening over.

    Just after Vaughan reached a 65-ball fifty – his second in as many matches  – his second-wicket partner Lewis Goldsworthy slog-swept Moriarty’s left-arm spin over wide long-on for six as Somerset moved to 83-1 after 19 overs. 

    Archie Vaughan

    Picture by John Clifton/SWPix.com. Somerset’s Archie Vaughan is bowled by Dom Bess for an excellent 95, a wicket celebrated by wicketkeeper Harry Duke.

    Vaughan and Goldsworthy (30) shared 75 before the latter top-edged a pull at Revis to long-leg – 111-2 in the 25th. 

    Vaughan then shared 64 for the third wicket with James Rew. But the only time he really looked to push on from cruise control, he fell – bowled advancing at the off-spin of Bess, leaving Somerset at 175-3 in the 38th.

    And even though Somerset still needed 70 at the 40-over mark, a turnaround looked unlikely.

    The Rew brothers, James and Thomas, proved that theory correct by sharing 46 inside eight overs, the latter contributing a brisk 31 before holing out to long-on to hand Revis his second wicket (221-4 in the 45th).

    James reached his fifty off 54 balls shortly afterwards and finished unbeaten on 53 off 62 balls.

    Yorkshire face Middlesex next at Radlett on Sunday. 

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