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  • NASA astronaut Nichole Ayers works on experiment in microgravity photo of the day for July 8, 2025

    NASA astronaut Nichole Ayers works on experiment in microgravity photo of the day for July 8, 2025

    NASA astronaut Nichole “Vapor” Ayers, currently serving as a flight engineer on Expedition 73 aboard the International Space Station (ISS), is one of a handful of astronauts testing various experiments at the station.

    As the ISS sits in low Earth orbit, its microgravity setting allows researchers like Ayers to try a variety of studies, from growing plants to creating miso paste to monitoring bone density changes to watching weird weather from space.

    What is it?

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  • Tuesday Telescope: Webb and Hubble team up to reveal spectacular star clusters

    Tuesday Telescope: Webb and Hubble team up to reveal spectacular star clusters

    Welcome to the Tuesday Telescope. There is a little too much darkness in this world and not enough light—a little too much pseudoscience and not enough science. We’ll let other publications offer you a daily horoscope. At Ars Technica, we’ll take a different route, finding inspiration from very real images of a universe that is filled with stars and wonder.

    Open clusters of stars—which consist of dozens up to a few thousand stars—are an interesting tool for astronomers to study the Universe.

    That’s because all of the stars in such a cluster formed more or less at the same time, allowing astronomers to compare different types of stars, in terms of size and composition, which are all of a similar age. This is useful for understanding how different kinds of stars evolve over time.

    Some of these open clusters are pretty famous, such as the Pleiades cluster, also known as the Seven Sisters. This is relatively close to Earth, just 444 light-years away. Others are much more distant, such as NGC 460 and NGC 456. They reside in a nearby galaxy, the Small Magellanic Cloud, and are the subject of today’s post.

    NASA has shared side-by-side views of these clusters taken in visible light by the Hubble Space Telescope and in infrared light by the James Webb Space Telescope. Hubble’s image captures the glowing, ionized gas as stellar radiation produces what look like bubbles in the clouds of gas and dust, whereas Webb highlights the clumps and delicate filamentary structures of dust.

    Today’s image combines the two into a single composite, based on 12 overlapping observations. It’s quite spectacular.

    Source: NASA

    Do you want to submit a photo for the Daily Telescope? Reach out and say hello.

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  • Prime Minister Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif chairs a meeting regarding matters pertaining to the Agriculture sector – Associated Press of Pakistan

    Prime Minister Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif chairs a meeting regarding matters pertaining to the Agriculture sector – Associated Press of Pakistan

    1. Prime Minister Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif chairs a meeting regarding matters pertaining to the Agriculture sector  Associated Press of Pakistan
    2. Pakistan to deploy AI, global experts in push to modernize agriculture  Arab News
    3. PM calls of comprehensive action plan to boost agri production  Associated Press of Pakistan
    4. Agri sector: solving the implementation impasse  The Express Tribune
    5. PM Shehbaz calls for comprehensive agri-plan  Business Recorder

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  • Imran Khan, Bushra Bibi move IHC for early hearing on plea to suspend conviction in Al-Qadir Trust case – ANI News

    1. Imran Khan, Bushra Bibi move IHC for early hearing on plea to suspend conviction in Al-Qadir Trust case  ANI News
    2. Imran, Bushra move IHC for early hearing of plea seeking suspension of sentence in £190m graft case  Dawn
    3. Imran, Bushra seek expedited hearing to suspend convictions in £190m case  The Express Tribune
    4. Imran Khan, Bushra Bibi seek early hearing in 190m pound case  Dunya News
    5. Imran Khan, Bushra Bibi seek early hearing in 190 million pounds case  Dunya News

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  • Replacing Animal Products with Plant-Based Foods—Even Ultra-Processed—Leads to Weight Loss and Improved Insulin Sensitivity in People with Type 1 Diabetes

    Replacing Animal Products with Plant-Based Foods—Even Ultra-Processed—Leads to Weight Loss and Improved Insulin Sensitivity in People with Type 1 Diabetes

    WASHINGTON, D.C.—Replacing animal products with plant-based foods, even ultra-processed ones, leads to weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity in people with type 1 diabetes, according to new research by the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine published in Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases.

    “Choosing a veggie burger instead of a cheeseburger—and other plant-based dietary swaps—can help people with type 1 diabetes who want to lose weight and improve how their body responds to insulin,” says Hana Kahleova, MD, PhD, the lead author of the study and director of clinical research at the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine. “The key to success is replacing all animal products with plant-based foods—whether unprocessed fruits and veggies or ultra-processed cereal, plant milks, and meat alternatives.”

    The new research is a secondary analysis of a Physicians Committee study, which was the first randomized clinical trial to look at a vegan diet in people with type 1 diabetes. In the 12-week study, 58 adults with type 1 diabetes were randomly assigned to either a low-fat vegan group with no limits on calories or carbohydrates, or a portion-controlled group that reduced daily calorie intake for overweight participants and kept carbohydrate intake stable over time.

    The secondary analysis examined if the level of processing in the foods the participants ate played a role in weight loss and insulin sensitivity. The participants’ dietary records were analyzed, and all foods—both animal products and plant-based foods—were categorized using the NOVA system, which assigns foods to categories based on their level of processing. NOVA category 1 is defined as unprocessed or minimally processed foods; category 2 includes processed ingredients; category 3 includes processed foods; and category 4 is composed of ultra-processed foods, greatly modified by industrial techniques and processes.

    Consumption of animal foods decreased in all NOVA categories for participants in the vegan group, while their intake of NOVA category 1 plant-based foods—including fruits, vegetables, grains, and beans—increased. There were no significant changes in consumption of plant-based foods in categories 2, 3, and 4 in either the vegan or portion-controlled group.

    In the vegan group, body weight decreased by 5.2 kg (about 11 pounds) and insulin sensitivity increased. There were no significant changes in weight or insulin sensitivity in the portion-controlled group.

    The original study found that a vegan diet also reduced insulin needs and led to improvements in cholesterol levels and kidney function in people with type 1 diabetes.

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  • How Wales’ Safia Middleton-Patel is destigmatising conversations around autism

    How Wales’ Safia Middleton-Patel is destigmatising conversations around autism

    Bidding to break stereotypes

    Having always sensed she was different, including going through tests online when she was younger that indicated she might be neurodivergent, Middleton-Patel found a sense of relief in her diagnosis.

    “When I was younger, I just thought, ‘everyone is like this, I’m thinking the same as everyone else.’ But as I got older, it progressively got worse. For me to have to hide it, without knowing I’m hiding it, was stacking on top of me,” she told the Mail Online last year.

    “But I can take a step back and understand why I’ve been struggling in this way, why people have been perceiving you as rude and quite blunt when actually I’m just being honest, I’m just being me. I don’t mean to come across as rude. I don’t mean to break down when you tell me something has changed in my routine.”

    She opened up first to her teammates and then decided to go public with her neurodivergence, sharing the news on social media in 2023.

    Since then, she has continued to share her experiences of what it’s like being an elite athlete with ASD and how it has given her “superpowers” on the pitch.

    “When I’m playing, that’s when I’m hyperfocused,” Middleton-Patel told BBC Sport. “When I am on the training ground or playing a game, I don’t hear anything – it’s just the ball and myself.

    “I probably hear my own heartbeat more than anything else.”

    But perhaps even more importantly for Middleton-Patel, she now sees herself as an example for others like her.

    With many prevailing perceptions about autism, she hopes she can disprove them and be a positive influence.

    “People will say, ‘you’re not autistic, you don’t look autistic,’ but autism doesn’t have a look. Many people won’t listen and don’t want to understand. They only really listen to stereotypes, which is what I’m trying to break,” the Welsh star continued to the Mail Online.

    ‘The spectrum isn’t linear, everyone thinks it is, but I see it almost like a colour wheel because every autistic person is different.

    “I just want to be that role model and show that everyone is different, and be that person someone can come to and ask me questions about my experiences because I didn’t have that whilst I was going through it.”

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  • Diagnostic Performance of Ultrasound vs Ultrasound-Guided FNAC in Thyroid Nodules

    Diagnostic Performance of Ultrasound vs Ultrasound-Guided FNAC in Thyroid Nodules

    Hisham Mehanna, Paul Nankivell, Kristien Boelaert, Rebecca Woolley, Neil Sharma, Paul S Sidhu, Gitta Madani, Philip Da Forno, Catherine Moreman, Andrew Palmer, Tessa Fulton-Lieuw, Judith Taylor, Kanchana Rajaguru, Jasper Bekker, Ram Vaidhyanath, Thaj Rehman, Jon Deeks
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 110, Issue 7, July 2025, Pages 1997–2006
    https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae682

    Abstract

    Introduction

    ElaTION is a large multicenter pragmatic randomized controlled trial, performed in 18 secondary/tertiary hospitals across England, comparing elastography ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (EUS-FNAC) with ultrasound-guided FNAC (US-FNAC) alone in the diagnostic assessment of thyroid nodules. Secondary trial outcomes, reported here, assessed the accuracy of ultrasound alone (US) compared with US-FNAC to inform and update current practice guidelines.

    Methods

    Adults with single or multiple thyroid nodules who had not undergone previous FNAC were eligible. Radiologists assessed all thyroid nodules using US alone, thereby enabling assessment of its accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) vs US-FNAC.

    Results

    Of the 982 participants, a final definitive diagnosis was obtained in 688, who were included in the final analyses. The sensitivity of US alone was the same as US-FNAC (0.91 [95% CI, 0.85–0.97] vs 0.87 [95% CI, 0.80–0.95] P = .37). US alone had statistically significant lower specificity than US-FNAC alone (0.48 vs 0.67 respectively, P < .0001). The malignancy rate on histology in a nodule classified as benign on ultrasound (U2) was 9/263 (3.42%) and on cytology (Thy2) was 15/353 (4.25%), whereas the malignancy rate in a nodule that was benign on both (U2, Thy2) was 3/210 (1.43%). Malignancy risk for U3, U4, and U5 nodules was 68/304 (22.4%), 43/83 (51.8%), and 29/38 (76.3%), respectively (P < .0001). Yet 80/982 (8%) patients were discharged despite having U3-U5 scans with Thy1 (nondiagnostic) FNAC and no definitive diagnosis.

    Malignancy risk was higher in smaller nodules: < 10 mm 23/60 (38.3%), 10–20 mm 46/162 (28.4%), and >20 mm 80/466 (17.2%) (P < .0001). Nodules with indeterminate cytology with atypical features (Thy3a) carried a similar malignancy risk to those with indeterminate cytology (Thy3/3f): 27/95 (28.4%) vs 42/113 (37.2%) respectively (P = .18).

    Conclusion

    Ultrasound alone appears to be an effective diagnostic modality in thyroid nodules, confirming the recommendations of recent guidelines and the British Thyroid Association classification. However, findings also suggest caution regarding existing recommendations for conservative management of nondiagnostic (Thy1/Bethesda I) and atypical (Thy3a/Bethesda III) nodules. In those cases, ultrasound (U3–U5) features may help identify high-risk subgroups for more proactive management.

     

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  • Lowkey Films Becomes First Feature Film Company To Earn B Corp Status

    Lowkey Films Becomes First Feature Film Company To Earn B Corp Status

    EXCLUSIVE: Lowkey Films, the British indie behind the 2023 feature Kindling, has earned a B Corp certification.

    The company, led by Jamie Gamache and Connor O’Hara, is the first production company working on feature films to receive the certification, which assesses a company’s operations and designates businesses that are socially and environmentally conscious. High-profile companies with the certification include Ben & Jerry’s, Patagonia, Aesop, Allbirds, and The Body Shop. 

    The B Corp process is rigorous and requires companies to meet high standards of social and environmental performance, which is achieved by completing the B Impact Assessment and passing a thorough review and verification process.

    “For instance, there’s the legal element where we had to change the Articles of Association on Companies House to say that our business will act in the interests of all stakeholders, rather than just the shareholders,” Gamache explained of the 18-month process. “There are also things like we have to track our carbon footprint and make sure we offset that every year. We have to prove that we have a breastfeeding policy in the office. These are things that make such a massive difference to our staff and crew that are just never spoken or thought about.”

    Gamache and O’Hara added that the certification won’t only shape their business practices but also their creative production, and they hope to inspire other companies to also take the step and move away from what they described as the “Kubrickian” mode of “work until you drop.”

    “Our experience is that a project has never benefited from that way of working. That’s when things go wrong and people get hurt,” O’Hara said. “Everyone talks about sustainability primarily about the environment, but B Corp prioritizes sustainability for the people as well. It’s about looking at how we can sustain a work-life balance and workflow and have, for instance, a three-month shoot where everything is safe and well practiced for all those involved.” 

    There are four members of the core Lowkey team, and they scale up their workforce using freelancers when working on projects. The company works across film, documentaries, commercials, and music projects. This month, they debuted a live music project with Dua Lipa alongside Salvable, a feature drama they produced starring Toby Kebbell and Shia LaBeouf, which will be released in the UK this month following a U.S. release via Lionsgate. Kindling, their first feature, was released in the UK by Signature Entertainment in 2023 and by Byron Allen’s Freestyle Digital Media in the U.S.

    Kindling put us on the map,” O’Hara said. “We’ve now got three films lined up to shoot in the next 18 months. And alongside that, a documentary slate and a documentary TV series.”

    One of those projects is Arctic Skies, starring Morfydd Clark (The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power) and Ariyon Bakare (His Dark Materials). The sci-fi-thriller, inspired by one of the most well-documented UFO encounters on record, follows the harrowing journey of a cargo plane crew who, while flying at 40,000 feet above the Arctic Circle, become the target of otherworldly attention. The film will be shot at Steven Knight’s Digbeth Loc Studios in Birmingham.

    Next month, the company will also complete production on a short project commissioned as part of No Drama, a development project led by Jordan Peele’s Monkeypaw Productions, Universal, and TIFF. The initiative selects five filmmakers to create a short film or proof of concept for a feature that explores horror across cultures, time, environments, and society. The projects will be presented at TIFF 2025.

    “We were the only UK filmmakers selected as part of the initiative, which we take a lot of pride in as it aligns with our international aspirations,” O’Hara said. “We’re working with a director called Charlie Dennis. And the project is a horror that looks at the UK class system and is all set in Birmingham.”

    O’Hara added: “We finish it in a month, and then fly to TIFF.” 

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  • Towering ambition: the Swiss artist Not Vital’s Alpine playground – The Art Newspaper

    Towering ambition: the Swiss artist Not Vital’s Alpine playground – The Art Newspaper

    High on a hill in the Swiss Alpine region of Engadin sits Schloss Tarasp, an impressive castle thought to have been built in 1040. The fortress has changed ownership over the centuries. It belonged to the Count of Tyrol in the 13th century, later becoming part of an Austrian enclave and then of the short-lived Helvetic Republic in 1803, before passing through a series of private hands. Today, Schloss Tarasp is owned by the multidisciplinary Swiss artist Not Vital, who grew up in nearby Sent and bought this historic mountain retreat in 2016. The castle is part of a foundation—which also oversees a sculpture park, Parkin Sent, and the 17th-century Planta House Ardez—which the artist set up to preserve culture in the region by uniting art, nature and architecture.

    Vital came onto the art scene in the late 1970s and 1980s in New York City and has since earned international recognition, exhibiting in both the art and architecture editions of the Venice Biennale. Working in disciplines that include painting, drawing and sculpture, he is best known for what he calls SCARCH—his humorous and sometimes enigmatic sculpture-architecture hybrids that blur the boundaries between the two. Vital moves often between Rio de Janeiro, Beijing and Sent, living a relatively nomadic life.

    Vital established his artistic foothold in the Engadin region in southeastern Switzerland in 1998 when he bought Parkin Sent. Originally laid out in the early 20th century to house a private villa, the park had all the accoutrements of a luxurious retreat—a pool, luscious walking paths and a terrace—but the Second World War forced the then owner to abandon the plan. When Vital bought the park, he and his brother revived the overgrown land and began installing Vital’s artwork. In the early 2000s, the artist bought nearby Planta House Ardez, a house dating from 1642, and turned it into the headquarters of his foundation. The house contains a library of books in Romansch (the minority Swiss language) and hosts rotating exhibitions of modern and contemporary art, open to visitors each August.

    A sense of playfulness

    Parkin Sent is home to several outdoor installations by Vital that encourage visitors to explore the forests and rugged terrain, engaging with nature as they search for each artwork. Open seasonally (Fridays from mid-June to early October), the park includes Punt dals asens (Donkey Bridge) (2001), an installation of aluminium donkey heads on narrow vertical beams, the heads getting higher off the ground as the land below slopes downward. Brave visitors can walk along the pathway while holding rails on either side of them. Playing with perception is another bridge, simply called Bridge (2008), which is inconspicuous and vanishes into the forest, its stainless steel surfaces reflecting the surrounding environment. While the bridge only appears to be invisible, JOSÜJO (Disappearing House) (2007) takes a more literal approach. Resembling a triangle with a grass-covered roof, the structure descends into the ground at the push of a button.

    Not Vital’s House to Watch the Sunset (2018) is installed in the landscape surrounding Schloss Tarasp

    Photo: Eric Powell

    With his purchase of Schloss Tarasp, Vital deepened his connection to Engadin. The castle’s interior is both a time capsule of its previous lives and a home to modern and contemporary art—his own and that of fellow artists such as Rirkrit Tiravanija and George Condo. The land surrounding the castle gave Vital additional opportunities to display his sculptures. Here, in 2018, he installed a version of one of his best-known projects, House to Watch the Sunset, an ongoing installation that he began in 2005 in Niger. The tower-like piece resembles architecture, but is stripped of its function—it contains no utilities and defies logic in its construction. Thirteen metres high, the structure has external staircases leading from the ground to each floor, yet none is accessible via another. To climb the tower, visitors have to ascend and descend one set of stairs, turn the corner and climb another to reach the next level. A door adorns every floor, but the number of windows increases by the floor—one on the first, two on the second and three on the third.

    Additional pieces by Vital are scattered across the grounds, including several stainless steel sculptures, such as Camel (2018), a giant camel head below the hill with impressive views of the castle high above, and Tongue (2010), a playful, totemic tongue installed closer to the building, all of which can be visited seasonally with a guided tour.

    Vital’s JOSÜJO (Disappearing House) (2007) at his Parkin Sent sculpture park

    Photo: Eric Powell

    Vital is planning to construct a version of House to Watch the Sunset on every continent. For each iteration, he chooses materials in response to the work’s location. For the installation in Niger, Vital used mud and straw, while the Schloss Tarasp version is made of concrete and local sand. Other locations follow a similar trend, including local woods in the installation in Brazil near the Amazon. House to Watch the Sunset is emblematic of Vital’s SCARCH works. Although the piece lacks the infrastructure to function as a house, it does fulfil the second part of its title, providing stunning vantage points to watch the sunset. And, at least at Schloss Tarasp, the work takes on an additional purpose as a watchtower to overlook Vital’s poetic, creative reach across the Engadin region.

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  • PM appoints Qatari princess as brand ambassador after she scales Nanga Parbat – Pakistan

    PM appoints Qatari princess as brand ambassador after she scales Nanga Parbat – Pakistan

    Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif on Tuesday appointed Qatari mountaineer and royal family member Sheikha Asma Al Thani as the brand ambassador for Pakistan’s mountains and tourism after she recently successfully summited Nanga Parbat, the ninth-highest mountain on Earth located in Gilgit-Baltistan region.

    Known as the “Killer Mountain,” the 8,126-metre-high peak is considered one of the world’s most dangerous climbs due to its severe weather conditions and rough terrain.

    In a post on X, the premier felicitated Sheikha Asma on the achievement.

    “I am pleased to appoint Her Highness Sheikha Asma Al Thani as the Brand Ambassador for Pakistan’s mountains and tourism.

    “My heartfelt felicitations to Her Highness on her recent feat of scaling Nanga Parbat. It is truly inspiring,” he wrote.

    “Her achievement sends a powerful message of courage and determination, and stands as a testament to the enduring friendship between Pakistan and Qatar,” he added.

    In a post on Instagram, Sheikha Asma described the relentless challenges she faced on her route to the summit and the emotional toll of the ascent.

    “My ninth 8000er and one of the toughest climbs I’ve faced. This mountain tested me in ways I didn’t expect, from black ice beneath my feet to rockfall every few seconds. A constant reminder of how fragile life truly is,” she wrote.

    “But even in that danger, there was growth. There was surrender and there was strength I didn’t know I still had. I climb not just to reach summits but to return to what matters, to strip away the noise and reconnect with myself,” she added.

    “This mountain will stay with me forever.”

    Sheikha Asma hoisted Qatar’s national flag at the summit and becomes the first Qatari woman to do so. Her earlier summits include Mount Everest, K2 and Makalu.

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