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  • Fitch Rates Kodiak's Senior Unsecured Notes 'BB'/'RR4' – Fitch Ratings

    1. Fitch Rates Kodiak’s Senior Unsecured Notes ‘BB’/’RR4’  Fitch Ratings
    2. Kodiak Gas Services Announces Launch of $1 Billion Senior Unsecured Notes Offering  Yahoo Finance
    3. Kodiak Gas Services Launches $1 Billion Note Offering  TipRanks
    4. Kodiak Gas Services launches $1 billion senior unsecured notes offering  MSN
    5. Kodiak Gas Services Launches $1 Billion Senior Notes Offering  MarketScreener

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  • MasterChef 2025 contestants – Meet the Heat 9 hopefuls

    MasterChef 2025 contestants – Meet the Heat 9 hopefuls

    Published: 2 September 2025

    MasterChef is back uncovering the country’s best amateur cooks as they battle it out in the MasterChef kitchen.

    Who will be the 2025 Champion? Let’s meet the Heat 9 contenders…

    Please note this information is accurate at the time of filming; certain aspects may have since changed but this represents the contributors as the competition starts.

    GM

    Meet the MasterChef contestants

    Fareeda

    A portrait image of a contestant stood against an exposed brick wall, with the MasterChef circular white logo behind her.

    Humanitarian Aid Worker, aged 36

    Fareeda was born in London and lived in Loughborough throughout her childhood. She studied in Birmingham before moving to London for her master’s degree. Since 2012, she has worked as a humanitarian aid worker, living in Afghanistan, Denmark, Bangladesh, Lebanon, Palestine, and Pakistan. She relocated to Switzerland in January 2025, with lots of visits back to London.

    How would you describe your style of cooking?

    My cooking style begins with the traditions of my Bengali childhood, where I first learned to cook – guided by my mum’s intuition and care, and my dad’s generosity and warmth. Those lessons travelled with me, from London to Abu Dis, Istanbul to Kabul, Beirut to Cox’s Bazar, and everywhere in between. Today, my cooking draws from a life travelled and lived across the Silk Road- celebrating spices and putting together bold, aromatic and layered flavours found across lands and seas.

    I cook generously, with a mix of family style dishes – my table usually has plates of smoky dips with fresh naans, piles of lentil pakoras and samosas, silky fish curries with jewelled biryanis and spicy grilled meats and kobabs. Always accompanied with the freshest salads. My food celebrates its guest, it’s about creating abundance from simple ingredients.

    My years as an aid worker inspires how I cook- teaching me to be resourceful, adaptable, and intuitive. Food became my way to connect, cooking side by side with new friends and strangers. I’d observe and learn, whether it was watching the local samosa guy quickly throw together chaat in seconds before running off to work, to tearing into muaskhan, fresh bread layered with caramelised onions and chicken, in Palestinian homes.

    My understanding of food didn’t come from eating out in the best restaurants in London or Copenhagen, but it deepened in quiet kitchens and remote villages where meals were stretched with care and shared with dignity. Strangers would press warm flatbreads into my hands or pour endless cups of green tea to welcome me. That respect, resilience, and kindness of sharing continues to shape how I cook today.

    How did you get into cooking?

    I started cooking very young, helping my mum make family dinners. But like any job, I had to start with the basics – peeling garlic, grating ginger, slicing onions- my own mise en place era. It taught me the art of aromatics – the Bengali anchors of every dish I make today.

    Earliest cooking memory?

    One of the first dishes I learned to cook as a child was daal – simple and delicious. You only needed a handful of ingredients and all the chopped-up onions I’d become expert at preparing. But the magic came at the end: the tarka. A sizzling mix of red dried chillies, coriander seeds, and more minced garlic, fried in ghee and poured over the daal- it transformed everything. Dishes like this stayed with me, and over the many years, from my scrappy little kitchens, stressed and tired, I would call my mum to double check recipes, ask how to replace something, and just feel OK that at least I could have a taste of home.

    What is your favourite ingredient to cook with and why?

    My favourite ingredient is Zeera (cumin). I never realised how global it was until I first travelled to China and found cumin lamb skewers on the streets of Xián. But it was in northern Afghanistan where I truly fell in love with it. I was given wild cumin by a colleague, and it was so sharp and unlike anything I had tasted. I became a cumin mule after that, carrying little pouches to gift friends. I still have a tiny stash that I treasure.

    Why did you enter MasterChef this year?

    I entered MasterChef almost on a whim — it’s all down to my niece. She sent the application link and kept pestering me to fill it out. I applied, honestly expecting nothing because who really expects a call to be invited onto MasterChef!

    I’m so glad I did apply. I’ve watched MasterChef every year, it has brought me so much comfort over the years while working far away from home. And if there was one competition I’d ever enter, it’s this one. I think it really pushes you and what matters isn’t what’s on paper- it’s what happens on the day, in that kitchen, with your heart on a plate. I’m no stranger to being in high pressured situations, but this was something different.

    Food is how I show up for others and now I wanted to see if I could show up in the same way for me. To trust my own skills, creativity and to see if I truly could cut it in the MasterChef kitchen. Win or lose, entering MasterChef was my way of betting on myself. I’m so grateful my niece gave me the push I didn’t even know I needed.

    Do you have a dream of working in the food world? What is it?

    I don’t have one fixed food dream – I have many. For me, food is the most honest language between people. So whether it’s hosting intimate supper clubs, cooking privately for others, or one day writing a cookbook, I want to create meaningful food experiences that honour the people and cultures who’ve fed me along the way.

    Keith

    A portrait image of a contestant stood against an exposed brick wall, with the MasterChef circular white logo behind him.

    Lead Research Nurse for NHS Dorset HeathCare, aged 58

    Keith lives in Dorset with his wife and springer spaniel, Willow. Born in Singapore, Keith spent several years living in the Far East in his early childhood. He also lived in Canada as a teenager. He moved back to the UK when he was 18 years old and did his nurse training in Yorkshire and studied at Manchester University. Before moving down to Dorset in 2022, he lived and worked in Scotland for 30 years.

    How would you describe your style of cooking?

    My cooking style is eclectic. Having lived in many different counties as a child I have many different influences that are reflected in my cooking. Ialso enjoy the more local produce in the UK, particularly the fresh produce that the North of Scotland is blessed with.

    How did you get into cooking?

    My interest in becoming a better cook was sparked by my wife, who is an excellent cook and really enjoys good food. I like to think I have caught up with her cooking ability now!

    Earliest cooking memory?

    My earliest memory of food and cooking is when I was five years old in Hong Kong. My Dad would take me to the food markets – one of my earliest food memories was eating prawns from the local street food in Hong Kong.

    What is your favourite ingredient to cook with and why?

    Any fish – having lived close to the coast, I developed a love for cooking and eating fish. If I had my own way at home, I would have kippers for breakfast every morning!!

    Why did you enter MasterChef this year?

    I entered MasterChef for the experience and to improve my cooking skills. Preparing for the show has improved my cooking and made me more confident in the kitchen.

    Do you have a dream of working in the food world? What is it?

    My dream would be do something in my local community around cooking. As a nurse I frequently see people who are not confident in the kitchen. I would be interested in running some cooking classes for the community and perhaps doing some writing.

    Paddy

    A portrait image of a contestant stood against an exposed brick wall, with the MasterChef circular white logo behind him.

    Professional Bassoonist, aged 22

    Paddy lives in London with his parents. Paddy was born and raised in Lodon. He went to the Guildhall School of Music and Drama for his undergraduate degree and Royal College of Music for his Postgraduate Degree. 

    How would you describe your style of cooking?

    My food is inspired by my travels with a very big Italian influence.

    My Irish heritage has a huge influence in the way I select my produce for each meal. All my ingredients have to be of the highest quality and travels with my family has the greatest influence on my cooking.

    How did you get into cooking? Earliest cooking memory?

    I got into cooking when I was baking cakes with my mum, helping her mix the flour with butter to make breadcrumbs. I love cooking for them and hosting dinner parties for my girlfriend and friends.

    I have always absolutely adored food, through travelling to many countries and experiencing different cuisines throughout my childhood. I remember the moment where I first thought that food was an art form. It was in a Mexican restaurant in San Francisco where I had a spiced duck breast in a Mole Verde sauce. It was a flavour combination I had never tried before, and I was absolutely blown away. For me Mexican food was all about fajitas, burritos, nachos etc, which is usually quite a messy affair. The way in which this dish was presented was so beautiful in its simplistic appearance, but it still captured the spirit of Mexico. This was the moment I knew that certain dishes could produce magic.

    What is your favourite ingredient to cook with and why?

    Pasta – It is highly versatile, you can make savoury and sweet things with it, and it is a huge carrier of flavour.

    I have been perfecting ravioli for a while, making sure the pasta is of the correct thickness and the parcels having enough filling. The first time, many of the ravioli broke when being cooked in the boiling water. Since then, however, whenever I have made ravioli, none of them have broken.

    Why did you enter MasterChef this year?

    I wanted to give myself a challenge. My parents always said I was a good cook so why not try and prove it! Through the competition, I want to enhance my skills and techniques as a cook, to eventually provide my family and girlfriend with meals that are restaurant standard but for half the price. As I am entering into a master’s degree in classical music where a path as an orchestral musician could be a tricky one, a career in food might be for me!

    I think my cooking has improved a massive amount over recent years, from watching many MasterChef episodes and many tutorials on social media notably by the chef Adam Byatt. I have always doubted my abilities but over the last year I have taken over as family head chef and believe I have what it takes to go far in this competition.

    Do you have a dream of working in the food world? What is it?

    Potentially a portfolio career of music and food could be an option for me in the future. They are two hobbies of mine that I would love to pursue professionally.

    Kayleigh

    A portrait image of a contestant stood against an exposed brick wall, with the MasterChef circular white logo behind her.

    Semi-permanent make up artist, aged 38

    Lives in Bournemouth with her fiancé Steven and their two children Ruby and Max. Kayleigh was born and raised in Bedford. 

    How would you describe your style of cooking?

    My cooking style derives from many places. From the classic British food I ate as a child, to my father’s take on Jamaican food. I was interested in food from a very young age, always keen to try and make new things. I would often ask dinner ladies at school for the recipes to their dishes I was cooking as soon as I could see over the hob. As I grew up my love of food remained and grew, and I sampled many different cuisines from all around the world, always keen to learn something new.

    I’ve made it a habit to dine in some well-known places, and always try to recreate what I’ve been served, and try to understand the process behind a dish. My families love of food and tasting many amazing dishes over the years has been my main inspiration for cooking.

    I tend to move with the seasons, unknowingly. I love it when I can feel the onset of spring coming and look forward to cooking outside again. Equally I enjoy the onset of Autumn, when I can start covering everything in gravy and cooking heartier meals.

    I take influence from many different cuisines, I guess that’s the result of being influenced by many different people of many different cultures. I’m from Bedford, one of the most multicultural towns in Europe.

    How did you get into cooking?

    I was into food from a really young age. Everyone in my family cooks and we all have a real passion for it. From my grandfather, even to my daughter now.

    I was never sat down and taught to cook but I was always intrigued by it. My father would drag me in to the kitchen on a Sunday morning and make me fry the bread for our Sunday fry-up. It probably wasn’t the safest thing for a six-year-old to do, but I remain unscathed. Mostly experimented with cooking for my mother as child. I think she quickly regretted our first ever purchase of a microwave in the mid 90s! It just snowballed from there.

    Earliest cooking memory?

    My earliest cooking memory was experimenting with food way before the age of ten and forcing my mother to try my mad concoctions. I would ask the dinner ladies at school for the recipes to the food they would serve us. They would tell my mother how I was so interested in food, and how they really enjoyed how inquisitive I was about it. I would always cook meals for my friends in my early teens, and this has continued on throughout my life.

    What is your favourite ingredient to cook with and why?

    Seafood is probably my favourite thing to cook with, purely for the love of it. It’s clean, tasty, versatile and good for you. Whether it be whole fish, fillets, shellfish, crustaceans – I love them all!

    Why did you enter MasterChef this year?

    I’ve been wanting to take part in MasterChef for years, and I have been toying with the idea of applying for a long time, probably over a decade. I’ve realised, as I’ve become older, my passion in life really does lie with food. I can’t stop thinking about it, I wake up planning meals, I go to bed planning meals.

    For me, food is quintessential to life, you can’t live without it, so might as well make it the best it can be. I believe preparing good food, to whatever level you’re capable of, is one of the most important skills in life. The rest is easy, better and tastier after that.

    I’ve had many different roles, career wise, and food is the one thing I always come back to in my mind. Without sounding incredibly cliched, it feels like it’s my calling, it always has done, and now is the time to do something about it.

    Do you have a dream of working in the food world? What is it?

    It’s always been my dream to work solely in food, I’ve done a lot in my life, but nothing has ever fed my soul like food has. I’ve had some pretty satisfying jobs, but nothing tops food.

    So, this was my leg up opportunity, to take part in MasterChef and see where the wind takes me.

    In five year’s time, I’d like to be working in my own professional kitchen, looking out over the pass watching people bond over food. Feeling pleased with myself that I’ve been able to offer the people space to do that. I imagine I’d have somewhere lively, where at the end of the evening, I can chat with people and listen to their stories, lots of music, special events, and a great community feel.

    Francesca

    A portrait image of a contestant stood against an exposed brick wall, with the MasterChef circular white logo behind her.

    Estate Agent, aged 26

    Lives in London with her brothers and dad. Francesca was born and raised in London. 

    How would you describe your style of cooking?

    My style of cooking is hearty, soulful, and full of comfort food that you bite into and instantly feel at home. I’m all about big, generous flavours and dishes that bring people together around the table.

    I draw a lot of inspiration from Mediterranean cuisine, and my European and Middle Eastern roots play a big part in how I cook. Whether it’s slow-cooked meats, fresh herbs, or bold spices. I love layering flavours to create something that feels both familiar and a little unexpected.

    I’m also a big believer in cooking with heart, and I’m not afraid to experiment especially when it comes to flavour pairings or adding a twist to a classic.

    Stews are also one of my favourites, such as a beef brisket, oxtail, and short ribs in a red wine reduction. I definitely have a sweet tooth as well! Baking and desserts are a huge part of my food story.

    At the end of the day, I want my food to make people feel good. That’s what drives me in the kitchen.

    How did you get into cooking? Earliest cooking memory?

    I started cooking from a really young age probably around ten just by being in the kitchen with my mum. She always made homemade meals for us, and I was fascinated by how she could turn simple ingredients into something amazing. Being Jewish, Friday night dinner was (and still is) a big tradition in our family. I used to love helping my mum and auntie prepare the meal, everything from chopped liver to chicken soup with matzo balls and a proper roast dinner. It was always a full family effort, and that’s where I really fell in love with cooking. Still today, we go round to my mum’s house every Tuesday evening where she will cook us up a homemade three course meal.

    I also spent a lot of time with my dad, who had a major sweet tooth like me. He loved making desserts, and I’d always be in the kitchen asking questions and getting involved. Those moments really stuck with me.

    Later on, when I moved out of my mum’s house, I found myself cooking for my older brothers. I started experimenting with whatever I could find in the cupboard mixing spices, trying new things. There were a lot of fails at the start, but that’s how I learned. Over time, I started to really understand flavour and technique, and that’s when my passion for cooking really grew.

    For me, food is all about bringing people together. It’s how we connect, celebrate, and create memories. I just love seeing people smile when they eat something I’ve made.

    What is your favourite ingredient to cook with and why?

    I love working with simple, natural ingredients that are full of flavour. Especially fresh herbs like parsley, coriander, thyme, rosemary, oregano, dill, and mint. They bring so much life and depth to a dish, and they really reflect my style of cooking hearty, soulful food, packed with flavour.

    I also rely on classics like onions, garlic, paprika, and good-quality olive oil. Onions especially are the foundation of so many of my dishes whether it’s a slow-cooked stew or a quick sauté, they bring sweetness, richness, and real comfort.

    One ingredient I always have on hand is Osem chicken stock. I use it in everything from soups to sauces to stews, it just gives that extra layer of flavour that ties everything together.

    For me, the best dishes start with good, honest ingredients. The simpler they are, the more room you have to make the flavours shine.

    Why did you enter MasterChef this year?

    I entered MasterChef this year because I love cooking and wanted to share that passion with others. Cooking makes me happy, and I love seeing people smile when they taste my food. I want to show my culinary skills and my infused Mediterranean and eastern European routes. I’m eager to learn and I’m up for any challenge given to me. I want to become the best chef and to share my all-time favourite meals. When I come home from a busy day at work, I find that cooking just calms me down and all of a sudden I have loads of energy.

    Do you have a dream of working in the food world? What is it?

    More than anything, I want to use my skills to give back to the community. I’ve always dreamed of creating cooking classes for people who are less fortunate, helping them learn new skills and build confidence through food.

    I’d also love to have my own TV show one day, where I can share my love of food and inspire others through my social media channels. For me, it’s about combining my passion for cooking with making a positive impact.

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  • Google Play Games profiles are going public

    Google Play Games profiles are going public

    Google is making big changes to its Play Games profiles. Starting from September 23, Play Games profiles will get “new social features” and show “gaming stats and milestones” to other players.

    Play Games already has profiles, but they are hard to access by other players and mostly just show your achievements. Google’s description of the updates isn’t very clear on what social features it will be adding, but it sounds similar to what Steam does.

    On Steam, your profile is easily visible to your friends, and they can see which games you’ve played, are playing right now, and your achievements in those games.

    The update to Google Play Games will automatically roll out on September 23 to most global users, with the UK and EU following on October 1.

    Here’s Google’s email to users.

    We’ll soon update the way gamer profiles work on Google Play.


    Starting on September 23rd, we’ll begin updating Play Games profiles, including yours. Your profile will include your gaming stats and milestones from games you’ve installed from Google Play and new social features. Your profile and related features will soon show up right on Google Play so it’s easier to access all of our gaming offerings.


    To power features and services related to your gaming profile, Google will collect information about your game usage, such as which games you’ve played and when you’ve played them. We’ll also use this data to improve the Google Play gaming experience. Just like today, developers may receive information about your profile and your activity and purchases in their game to help them provide and improve the game, subject to their privacy policies. Developers may also send data to Google about your activity in their games, such as your achievements and game progress.


    When we update your profile, we’ll use your existing profile visibility settings as the default settings for your updated profile. For example, if your current profile is set to “visible to everyone,” then information about your updated profile will also be visible to everyone. You can learn more about or update your current profile visibility settings here.


    Your profile will be updated automatically, so you don’t need to take any action. Remember that you can delete your Play Games profile from your Google Account at any time.


    You can also delete your Google Account entirely. Deleting your Google Account will delete all data and content in that account, like emails, files and photos.


    We’re excited to show you your new integrated gaming experience and look forward to seeing you on Google Play.

    Source

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  • Something significant was just found inside a 1.1-million-year-old mammoth from the Siberian wilderness

    Something significant was just found inside a 1.1-million-year-old mammoth from the Siberian wilderness

    When it comes to interactions between animals and microbes in the ancient past, focus has primarily been on humans and our closest ancestors rather than extinct animals, such as mammoths.

    A new study led by Benjamin Guinet from the Swedish Museum of Natural History has analysed microbial DNA from no fewer than 483 mammoth remains. These remains span over one million years and were uncovered from seven sites located in Canada and Russia.

    Using a variety of different genetic techniques, Guinet and his team identified 310 microbes from a range of different mammoth tissues, from teeth to tibia. 

    Soft tissue and hair of mammoth foot. Credit: Love Dalén

    While most of these microbes are thought to have been derived from the surrounding environment after death, there are six that have been identified as ‘host-associated’, meaning they lived symbiotically inside (or on) their hosts.

    The dataset assembled by Guinet and his team includes 440 newly sequenced and unpublished samples from a 1.1-million-year-old steppe mammoth found near the Adycha River in northeastern Russia, deep in the wilderness of Siberia. In 2021, scientists successfully recovered DNA from a molar of this particular mammoth. This proved to be the oldest DNA ever sequenced from animal remains, making the so-called ‘Adycha Mammoth’ particularly famous.

    Mammoth tooth
    Mammoth molars are large and covered in ridges that help them grind up tough plant material. Credit: Peter Mortensen

    From this same molar and as part of this latest study, Guinet and his team recovered genomic evidence of a host-associated microbe known as Erysipelothrix, which, again, was the oldest of its kind ever found. 

    Erysipelothrix is a type of bacteria that has previously been isolated from dogs, pigs, cattle and humans and is thought to be involved in endocarditis – a potentially fatal infection of the inner lining of the heart.

    Evidence of Erysipelothrix-like bacteria was also discovered in woolly mammoth bones from a different time period and site. The presence of Erysipelothrix in both species of mammoths suggests this bacteria has a long-term association with the group and may have had some influence on mammoth evolution.

    The study found genomic evidence of five more types of host-associated bacteria, including Pasteurella and Streptococcus.

    Some of the Pasteurella DNA isolated from two Late Pleistocene mammoth samples was very similar to a strain of bacteria identified as causing fatal septicaemia in six African elephants in Zimbabwe in 2020. 

    And of two distinct types of Streptococcus identified from six woolly mammoth teeth, one was found to be distantly related to a strain of Streptococcus responsible for tooth decay in humans.

    Ancient DNA lab work
    Ancient DNA was recovered in a lab using a variety of different techniques. Credit: Marianne Dehasque)

    Despite its somewhat bad reputation, bacteria isn’t inherently ‘harmful’. In fact, many of the types identified in this study, including ErysipelothrixPasteurella and Streptococcus, can be harmless or even beneficial and only cause disease under certain conditions.

    Pasteurella, for example, is involved in the production of succinic acid – a naturally occurring acid that plays a crucial role in metabolism and energy production.

    Not only has this latest study assembled a giant database that will form the basis of further studies into the microbiomes of mammoths, it has also shown that it’s possible to detect host-associated bacteria in the remains of extinct animals. 

    This new area of research has the potential to change what we thought we knew about the long-term health of extinct animals and how their microbiomes may have shaped their evolutionary trajectories.

    Top image: mammoth tusk. Credit: Love Dalén

    More amazing wildlife stories from around the world

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  • September international break: Who’s playing and when? – Manchester City FC

    1. September international break: Who’s playing and when?  Manchester City FC
    2. September international fixtures for our players  Tottenham Hotspur
    3. Guide to Man Utd players involved in September 2025 international break  Manchester United
    4. Pep Guardiola gives encouraging Rodri update ahead of Manchester United and Arsenal games  cityxtra.co.uk
    5. International Diary: September  Aston Villa Football Club

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  • I watched scientists view the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS in real time. Here’s what they saw

    I watched scientists view the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS in real time. Here’s what they saw

    Few cosmic visitors have captured the fascination of astronomers quite like the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS. Hurtling through our solar system from the depths of interstellar space, this icy wanderer is only the third known object of its kind, and where it came from remains a mystery.

    Since its discovery on July 1, 2025, by the Deep Random Survey remote telescope in Chile, part of the ATLAS (Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System) project, scientists have raced to point telescopes toward the visitor as experts and the public are eager for a closer look. Even NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope recently caught glimpses of this icy comet as it continues moving toward our sun.

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  • “Sleng Teng” Riddim Creator Okuda Hiroko Retires from Casio, Looks to the Future

    “Sleng Teng” Riddim Creator Okuda Hiroko Retires from Casio, Looks to the Future

    More than four decades ago, a young electronic instrument developer at Casio programmed a preset rhythm pattern into an inexpensive keyboard. This was discovered by reggae artists half a world away, and Okuda Hiroko’s “Sleng Teng riddim” spawned countless Jamaican hits. We sat down with Okuda, who retires from Casio this year, to talk about her life with music and her future.

    A Pioneering Career of Firsts

    In 1980, a young woman who loved Jamaican music and graduated from music college with a thesis on reggae joined Casio Computer as a developer. The very first instrument she worked on helped usher in a digital revolution in Jamaican music. She later described the experience as “like putting a love letter in a bottle and throwing it into the sea, then having it wash up on the other side of the ocean and find its way into the hands of your beloved.” When Okuda Hiroko spoke to Nippon.com in early 2022, it was the first time she had gone on the record about the life-changing impact of this event so early in her career.

    On July 20 this year, Okuda retired from Casio after nearly 45 years. She joined when Casio was branching out from calculators and digital watches to make its first electronic musical instruments. She was the first female developer in the company’s history, and the first employee to have graduated from music college. Immediately after initial training, she was put to work on product development. One of her first jobs was to work on preset rhythm patterns for the Casiotone MT-40 keyboard.

    The Casiotone MT-40. (© Nippon.com)

    A Casio Preset Becomes a “Monster Riddim” of Reggae

    Jamaican musician Wayne Smith was among many around the world to acquire an MT-40. In 1985, he released the track Under Mi Sleng Teng, which became a huge hit. Underlying the song was the preprogrammed “rock” setting that Okuda had created soon after joining Casio.

    “Riddim” patterns, generally consisting of a drum pattern and bassline, are an important foundational element of modern reggae and related styles. These riddims are often recycled, and a popular bassline may be used by other musicians to create new songs and variations on the same basic pattern. Okuda’s Casio pattern became known as the “Sleng Teng” riddim after Wayne Smith’s record. It went on to become the driving force behind hit after hit, and helped launch the digital age in reggae, at a time when making a record required live musicians. To date, more than 450 different tracks have been made using the Sleng Teng riddim, which has become known as one of the “monster riddims” of Jamaican music.

    Although it was common knowledge among Jamaican music aficionados that the Sleng Teng riddim was originally a preset on the MT-40, and that it had originated with a young woman in faraway Japan, Okuda never showed her face in the press or consented to be interviewed about her work. Then, three and a half years ago, as she became aware that her time at Casio was coming to an end, she agreed to be interviewed for Nippon.com. The resulting article appeared in all eight of the website’s languages, creating a stir among music fans around the world.

    Feeling Like a Celebrity

    We asked what sort of response Okuda had when the article appeared.

    “At first, I just watched as the story started to get picked up on social media here in Japan. Then the next thing I knew, it was the top story on Yahoo Topics. I started to get requests for interviews on radio. But the biggest surprise was when I appeared on the front page of a national newspaper. They’d done an interview, and I knew the article was due to appear, but when I popped to the convenience store to pick up a copy, there I was on the front page! I was so surprised I bought an extra copy to send to my parents.”

    Okuda says the international response was also surprising. “After the article appeared in English, I was approached by various international media including the BBC and Associated Press, and I was interviewed online for Jamaican TV. Every time one of these stories was published, there was a new flood of messages into my inbox.”

    Much of this took place during the COVID-19 pandemic, and Okuda recalls that in the isolation of those days, it was difficult to get a real sense of how well known she was becoming. “In June 2022, after your article appeared, I was invited to give a talk at the Casio booth at NAMM, a trade fair for musical instruments held every year in Anaheim, California.

    “Since I was due to be interviewed for local media, I took an MT-40 along so that they could see the real thing and get photos. Well, when I left the booth holding the instrument, I was suddenly surrounded. People came up to me saying, ‘I know who you are.’ Everyone was saying how cool the instrument was and asking to take selfies. It was amazing. Partly, I’m sure, it was because there were so many people from the music industry there. But even so—it did make me feel for the first time that maybe I had become a kind of celebrity!”

    For Okuda personally, she recalls, this wasn’t fame she was ready to embrace. “I shuffled out of the limelight again as quickly as possible. I didn’t want to distract from our new products by creating a fuss about an instrument that had gone on sale more than forty years ago!”

    Still, she says, to this day when she attends trade fairs and similar events, people from other Japanese manufacturers have come up to say, “You’re Okuda-san, right? Let me shake your hand.” She laughs: “I would never have imagined in my life that the day would come when strangers would approach me to shake my hand or ask me to sign something.”

    Okuda with the International Music Journalism Award 2022, awarded for the Nippon.com article about her part in the Sleng Teng phenomenon. (© Nippon.com)
    Okuda with the International Music Journalism Award 2022, awarded for the Nippon.com article about her part in the Sleng Teng phenomenon. (© Nippon.com)

    Products That Tell Persuasive Stories

    Looking back on her career as a developer at Casio, Okuda notes that her main memory is of being really busy, from start to finish. “I was lucky to be able to work on products that were in my own area of interest throughout my career, though,” she adds. “I was very happy. As a developer, your job is to create something new through a process of addition. I think the work suited me—in many jobs, you’re required to make things perfect, and if you make a mistake that immediately subtracts from the whole.”

    Coming from a musical background, she agrees that in a sense this is something like composing music—creating something out of nothing. In the case of electronic instruments in particular, she says, “You’re bringing your own sensibility to digital technology. That’s what makes it fun and is also probably a large part of the reason why I was able to spend so long as a developer. If you’re an engineer without that sensibility, it can be a bit of a struggle if your area of specialization becomes obsolete and is no longer in demand.”

    The subject turns to artificial intelligence and whether it will have an impact on the field of electronic instruments. Okuda believes that the electronic instruments of the future will primarily feature piano-style keyboards, without so many of the buttons and switches seen on today’s models. “Some modern electronic keyboards already have as many as 500 or 700 different sound settings to choose from—sounds you would never normally encounter and would never find anywhere else,” she notes. “The range of options already exceeds what a person could realistically choose from.”

    If you let AI hear what you want to play, she explains, it will immediately adjust the sound settings to more or less exactly what you need. But it still requires input, and the joy of playing music never changes, so she remains confident there will always be a demand for keyboards with a good touch.

    For tools used to create art, she believes, it will always be important to appeal to human sensibility. “I think part of the reason why my story resonated with people was that I worked on creating musical content as well as just the hardware. There are plenty of outstanding electronic instruments and many gifted technicians and engineers, but perhaps not so many with good musical content as well.

    “People in Jamaica discovered the preset rhythm I created for the MT-40 and used it to make one great song after another. This product, which sold for just 35,000 yen, made it easier for people to make and record their own songs, and also led to digitalization, which injected new life and energy into reggae. It’s stories like this that made the MT-40 a favorite with so many, and also earned me my moment in the spotlight.”

    Perhaps, thinks Okuda, it is not as easy to develop revolutionary products as it used to be, now that so much work has already been done. “Maybe really outstanding content and stories have been a bit lacking from Japanese products in recent years. Partly, of course, I just got lucky. I am really grateful to Jamaican people and thrilled that I was able to give something back to the reggae music I love so much.”

    In the Nippon.com studio. (© Nippon.com)
    In the Nippon.com studio. (© Nippon.com)

    Hopes for the Future

    Is there anything Okuda regrets about her career as a developer? Her answer is a surprising one: “I was always so busy that I have still never managed to get to Jamaica! It’s been so long now, part of me feels it would make a better story if I never visited and only ever admired the country from a distance.”

    Okuda has come up on retirement age at Casio and is considering her next moves. She doesn’t really know what comes next, she says, but “I still have loads of ideas as a developer. Some are for things that would be difficult to develop commercially at a company like Casio, where your products have to target a global audience, but might be easier with a small-scale team. So I’m hoping I’ll be able to find people who will help me get some of those ideas out of my head and into development.”

    It seems likely that music will be a part of that future. As Okuda enthuses: “Music is such a wonderful thing. I’ve had experiences that I will always treasure thanks to so many passionate fans all around the world. It was thanks to the power of music that the article about my role in the Sleng Teng story won a music journalism prize. And music can bring us solace and comfort in difficult times.”

    Even more than acoustic instruments, she says, electronic instruments can find a place in the lives of people who may not be virtuoso performers, bringing the pleasure of playing music to more people. “The Music Tapestry project, which I worked on right to the end of my time at Casio, offers another new way to enjoy music, by spinning musical sounds into artistic pictures. I definitely want to build on my experience at Casio and continue to contribute to music in one way or another in the future.”

    (Originally published in Japanese. Banner photo: Okuda Hiroko during a visit to the Nippon.com office to announce her retirement from Casio. © Nippon.com.)

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  • ISOLDE investigates island of inversion

    An experiment carried out at CERN’s ISOLDE facility has determined the western shore of a small island of atomic nuclei, where conventional nuclear rules break down

    ISOLDE
    The ISOLDE facility at CERN (Image: CERN)

    The atomic nucleus was discovered over a century ago, yet many questions remain about the force that keeps its constituent protons and neutrons together and the way in which these particles pack themselves together within it.

    In the classic nuclear shell model, protons and neutrons arrange themselves in shells of increasing energy, and completely filled outer shells of protons or neutrons result in particularly stable “magic” nuclei. But the model only works for nuclei with the right mix of protons and neutrons. Get the wrong mix and the model breaks down.

    Identifying the regions on the chart of nuclei where this breakdown occurs is keeping nuclear physicists busy worldwide. The goal? To develop a model that applies to all nuclei and leads to a deeper understanding of their internal structure.

    In a paper just published in Physical Review C, Louis Lalanne and his colleagues report data from CERN’s ISOLDE facility that allowed them to determine the western border of one such region – the “island of inversion” associated with the neutron number 40.

    The 40-neutron island of inversion is one of only a few small islands of unusual nuclei in a sea of mostly “normal” nuclei at the neutron-rich edge of the nuclear chart. In these insular regions, the usual order of nuclear shell filling breaks down and neutrons occupy shells other than those where we expect to find them. This uncommon shell filling gives these nuclei unusual shapes and properties compared to their neighbours.

    To explore the 40-neutron island of inversion, Lalanne and his co-workers used ISOLDE, a unique facility for the production and study of nuclei that have too many or too few neutrons to be stable. Specifically, they created and investigated the little-studied chromium-61 nucleus, which has 24 protons and 37 neutrons and was thought to be located right at the western shore of the 40-neutron island of inversion.

    Using measurements taken with the facility’s collinear resonance ionisation spectroscopy (CRIS) apparatus, which allows neutron-rich nuclei to be studied with high precision, the researchers determined two properties of chromium-61 known as spin and magnetic dipole moment.

    Paired with theoretical calculations, these measurements showed that chromium-61 has a shell-filling configuration that lies between the one expected for nuclei located outside the 40-neutron island of inversion and that expected for nuclei that lie within it – thus determining the western border of the 40-neutron island of inversion.

    “The ultimate goal is to understand how nuclear structure emerges and evolves across the nuclear landscape,“ says Louis Lalanne. “Islands of inversion are important because they represent regions of rapid evolution that challenge our understanding. This result is helping us to build a clearer picture of the mechanism driving this evolution.”

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  • Radical Looks, Affordable Price, Apple CarPlay Ultra

    Radical Looks, Affordable Price, Apple CarPlay Ultra

    • Hyundai will showcase a small electric SUV called Concept Three at the Munich Motor Show in Germany next week.
    • It will be Hyundai’s version of the Kia EV3 and feature the automaker’s latest software platform.
    • The concept is expected to spawn into the Ioniq 3, and it will reportedly feature Apple CarPlay Ultra.

    At Europe’s biggest auto show, IAA Munich, next week, automakers will face pressing questions about the looming slowdown of electric vehicles in the U.S., one of their largest and most lucrative markets: How to make EVs affordable and how to drive organic demand as tax credits disappear? Hyundai is readying a hatchback-shaped answer to those questions, with a radical design and Apple CarPlay Ultra functionality.

    The Korean auto giant on Tuesday teased what it calls the Concept Three, which would be “Ioniq’s first compact EV concept.”

    It’s safe to assume that an Ioniq 3 small SUV is in the pipeline as a sibling to the Kia EV3 that is already on sale in South Korea and Europe. However, unlike the EV3, the Ioniq 3 will have a more radical design.



    Photo by: Hyundai

    The sketch gives hot-hatch vibes, with a sharp front splitter and bulging rear wheel arches that blend into what Hyundai is calling an “aero hatch.” Think of a highly aerodynamic rear with an integrated ducktail spoiler that also functions as a downforce multiplier. But the design may not be its biggest strength. The Ioniq 3 is poised to be one of Hyundai’s next-generation software-defined EVs.

    Top Gear reported earlier that the Ioniq 3 will feature the company’s latest and greatest tech from Pleos, Hyundai’s new software division. The model will debut the automaker’s next-generation operating system and connected-car features, bringing future Hyundai EVs closer to the likes of Tesla and Rivian.

    Instead of relying on multiple domain controllers, Hyundai will shift to a zonal architecture that uses fewer but more powerful onboard computers. That would radically simplify the vehicle’s electrical systems, boost data transfer speeds, make over-the-air updates more common, and make repair diagnosis easier, at least in theory.

    The outlet also reported that Hyundai may offer Apple CarPlay Ultra on the Ioniq 3. Unlike standard CarPlay, CarPlay Ultra extends beyond the infotainment screen to take over the gauge cluster, effectively bringing the full iOS experience to every display in the car. That means even critical information such as battery range, tire pressure, speed and odometer readings would appear through iOS.

    Both automakers and drivers will have access to high degrees of customization, similar to your iPhone or Apple Watch. So expect to choose from different wallpapers and color backgrounds or unique themes for the infotainment and the instrument cluster. CarPlay Ultra debuted earlier this year on Aston Martin’s model year 2025 vehicles in the U.S. and Canada. If Hyundai adopts it, the Ioniq 3 could be the first affordable EV to feature the technology.

    The compact electric SUV’s powertrain and battery details remain undisclosed, but the Kia EV3 offers good hints of what those would look like. The EV3 gets two battery options: 58.3 kilowatt-hours and 81.4 kWh. The former is good for 270 miles of range, while the bigger battery is rated for 375 miles on the optimistic WLTP cycle. For the U.S. market, Kia previously said it was targeting around 300 miles of range.

    The Hyundai Ioniq 5 is one of the most popular electric crossovers in the U.S., though much of its success has been fueled by aggressive offers made possible by the soon-to-expire federal tax credit. Now looking ahead, models like the Ioniq 3 may be exactly what Hyundai—and the broader EV market—might need to remain competitive in Trump’s America.

    Have a tip? Contact the author: suvrat.kothari@insideevs.com

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  • Nanostructures boost CRISPR delivery for genetic medicine

    Nanostructures boost CRISPR delivery for genetic medicine

    With the power to rewrite the genetic code underlying countless diseases, CRISPR holds immense promise to revolutionize medicine. But until scientists can deliver its gene-editing machinery safely and efficiently into relevant cells and tissues, that promise will remain out of reach.

    Now, Northwestern University chemists have unveiled a new type of nanostructure that dramatically improves CRISPR delivery and potentially extends its scope of utility.

    Called lipid nanoparticle spherical nucleic acids (LNP-SNAs), these tiny structures carry the full set of CRISPR editing tools – Cas9 enzymes, guide RNA and a DNA repair template – wrapped in a dense, protective shell of DNA. Not only does this DNA coating shield its cargo, but it also dictates which organs and tissues the LNP-SNAs travel to and makes it easier for them to enter cells.

    In lab tests across various human and animal cell types, the LNP-SNAs entered cells up to three times more effectively than the standard lipid particle delivery systems used for COVID-19 vaccines, caused far less toxicity and boosted gene-editing efficiency threefold. The new nanostructures also improved the success rate of precise DNA repairs by more than 60% compared to current methods.

    The study will be published on Sept. 5 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

    The study paves the way for safer, more reliable genetic medicines and underscores the importance of how a nanomaterial’s structure – rather than its ingredients alone – can determine its potency. This principle underlies structural nanomedicine, an emerging field pioneered by Northwestern’s Chad A. Mirkin and his colleagues and pursued by hundreds of researchers around the world.

    “CRISPR is an incredibly powerful tool that could correct defects in genes to decrease susceptibility to disease and even eliminate disease itself,” said Mirkin, who led the new study. “But it’s difficult to get CRISPR into the cells and tissues that matter. Reaching and entering the right cells – and the right places within those cells – requires a minor miracle. By using SNAs to deliver the machinery required for gene editing, we aimed to maximize CRISPR’s efficiency and expand the number of cell and tissue types that we can deliver it to.”

    A nanotechnology and nanomedicine pioneer, Mirkin is the George B. Rathmann Professor of Chemistry at Northwestern’s Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences; professor of chemical and biological engineering, biomedical engineering and materials science and engineering at the McCormick School of Engineering; professor of medicine at the Feinberg School of Medicine; executive director of the International Institute for Nanotechnology; and a member of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University.

    CRISPR needs a ride

    When CRISPR machinery reaches its target inside a cell, it can disable genes, fix mutations, add new functions and more. But CRISPR machinery cannot enter cells by itself. It always needs a delivery vehicle. 

    Currently, scientists typically use viral vectors and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to perform this function. Naturally good at sneaking into cells, viruses are efficient, but they can cause the human body to mount an immune response, leading to painful or even dangerous side effects. LNPs, on the other hand, are safer but inefficient. They tend to get stuck in endosomes, or compartments within the cell, where they cannot release their cargo.

    Only a fraction of the CRISPR machinery actually makes it into the cell and even a smaller fraction makes it all the way into the nucleus. Another strategy is to remove cells from the body, inject the CRISPR components and then put the cells back in. As you can imagine, that’s extremely inefficient and impractical.”


    Chad A. Mirkin, Northwestern University

    A DNA-wrapped taxi

    To overcome this barrier, Mirkin’s team turned to SNAs, which are globular – rather than linear – forms of DNA and RNA previously invented in Mirkin’s lab at Northwestern. The spherical genetic material surrounds a nanoparticle core, which can be packed with cargo. Roughly 50 nanometers in diameter, the tiny structures possess a proven ability to enter cells for targeted delivery. Seven SNA-based therapies are already in human clinical trials, including a Phase 2 clinical trial for Merkel cell carcinoma being developed by Flashpoint Therapeutics, a clinical-stage biotechnology startup.

    In the new study, Mirkin’s team started with an LNP core carrying the CRISPR machinery inside. Then, they decorated the particle’s surface with a dense layer of short strands of DNA. Because the DNA can interact with a cell’s surface receptors, cells easily absorb SNAs. The DNA also can be engineered with sequences that target specific cell types, making delivery more selective.

    “Simple changes to the particle’s structure can dramatically change how well a cell takes it up,” Mirkin said. “The SNA architecture is recognized by almost all cell types, so cells actively take up the SNAs and rapidly internalize them.”

    Boosted performance across the board

    After successfully synthesizing LNP-SNAs with CRISPR cargo, Mirkin and his team added them to cellular cultures, which included skin cells, white blood cells, human bone marrow stem cells and human kidney cells. 

    Then, the team observed and measured several key factors: how efficiently the cells internalized the particles, whether the particles were toxic to cells and if the particles successfully delivered a gene. They also analyzed the cells’ DNA to determine if CRISPR had made the desired gene edits. In every category, the system demonstrated its ability to successfully deliver CRISPR machinery and enable complex genetic modifications.

    Next, Mirkin plans to further validate the system in multiple in vivo disease models. Because the platform is modular, researchers can adapt it for a wide range of systems and therapeutic applications. Northwestern biotechnology spin-out Flashpoint Therapeutics is commercializing the technology with the goal of rapidly moving it toward clinical trials.

    “CRISPR could change the whole field of medicine,” Mirkin said. “But how we design the delivery vehicle is just as important as the genetic tools themselves. By marrying two powerful biotechnologies – CRISPR and SNAs – we have created a strategy that could unlock CRISPR’s full therapeutic potential.”

    The study, “A general genome editing strategy using CRISPR lipid nanoparticle spherical nucleic acids,” was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (award number FA9550-22-1-0300), the National Science Foundation (award number DMR-2428112) and Edgar H. Bachrach through the Bachrach Foundation.

    Source:

    Journal reference:

    Mirkin, C. A., et al. (2025) A general genome editing strategy using CRISPR lipid nanoparticle spherical nucleic acids. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2426094122

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