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Category: 3. Business

  • FDA Takes Action to Improve Recall Effectiveness Following Infant Botulism Outbreak Investigation Linked to ByHeart Infant Formula – fda.gov

    1. FDA Takes Action to Improve Recall Effectiveness Following Infant Botulism Outbreak Investigation Linked to ByHeart Infant Formula  fda.gov
    2. 51 babies across 19 states fall ill from botulism linked to ByHeart baby formula  Fox Business
    3. Target, Walmart, Kroger and Albertson – are you greedy, stupid or both? You can’t get Botulism off your shelves?  Marler Blog
    4. US FDA sends warning letters to Walmart, Target for selling recalled baby formula  Reuters
    5. CDC Expands Botulism Case Definition as ByHeart Formula Recall Continues  The Pride LA

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  • Enhertu plus pertuzumab approved in the US as first new treatment in a decade for the 1st-line treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer

    Notes

    HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer
    Breast cancer is the second most common cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide.2 More than two million breast cancer cases were diagnosed in 2022, with more than 665,000 deaths globally.2 In the US, more than 300,000 cases of breast cancer are diagnosed annually with more than 42,000 deaths.3 While survival rates are high for those diagnosed with early breast cancer, only about 30% of patients diagnosed with or who progress to metastatic disease are expected to live five years following diagnosis.4

    HER2 is a tyrosine kinase receptor growth-promoting protein expressed on the surface of many types of tumours including breast cancer.5 HER2 protein overexpression may occur as a result of HER2 gene amplification.6 Approximately one in five cases of breast cancer are considered HER2-positive.7

    HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer is an aggressive disease driven by overexpression or amplification of HER2.8 Approximately 10,000 patients are treated each year in the 1st-line HER2-positive metastatic setting in the US.9 While HER2-targeted therapies have improved outcomes, prognosis remains poor with most patients experiencing disease progression within two years of 1st-line treatment with THP, which has been the standard of care for more than a decade.6,10-12 Approximately 25% to 30% of patients do not receive any treatment following 1st-line therapy due to discontinuation or death.13-15

    DESTINY-Breast09
    DESTINY-Breast09 is a global, multicentre, randomised, open-label, Phase III trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of Enhertu (5.4 mg/kg) either alone or in combination with pertuzumab versus standard of care THP as a 1st-line treatment in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.

    Patients were randomised 1:1:1 to receive either Enhertu monotherapy with a pertuzumab matching placebo; Enhertu in combination with pertuzumab; or THP. Randomisation was stratified by prior treatment (de novo metastatic disease versus progression from early-stage disease), hormone receptor (HR) status and PIK3CA mutation status.

    The primary endpoint of DESTINY-Breast09 is PFS as assessed by blinded-independent central review in the Enhertu monotherapy and Enhertu combination arms. Secondary endpoints include investigator-assessed PFS, overall survival, objective response rate, duration of response, pharmacokinetics and safety. The investigational arm assessing Enhertu monotherapy versus THP remains blinded to patients and investigators and will continue to the final PFS analysis.

    DESTINY-Breast09 enrolled 1,157 patients across multiple sites in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and South America. For more information about the trial, visit ClinicalTrials.gov.

    Enhertu
    Enhertu is a HER2-directed ADC. Designed using Daiichi Sankyo’s proprietary DXd ADC Technology, Enhertu is the lead ADC in the oncology portfolio of Daiichi Sankyo and the most advanced programme in AstraZeneca’s ADC scientific platform. Enhertu consists of a HER2 monoclonal antibody attached to a number of topoisomerase I inhibitor payloads (an exatecan derivative, DXd) via tetrapeptide-based cleavable linkers.

    Enhertu (5.4mg/kg) in combination with pertuzumab is approved in the US as a 1st-line treatment for adult patients with unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive (IHC 3+ or ISH+) breast cancer, as determined by an FDA-approved test based on the results from the DESTINY-Breast09 trial.

    Enhertu (5.4mg/kg) is approved in more than 90 countries/regions worldwide for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive (IHC 3+ or ISH+) breast cancer who have received a prior anti-HER2-based regimen, either in the metastatic setting or in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting, and have developed disease recurrence during or within six months of completing therapy based on the results from the DESTINY-Breast03 trial.

    Enhertu (5.4mg/kg) is approved in more than 85 countries/regions worldwide for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable or metastatic HER2-low (IHC 1+ or IHC 2+/ISH-) breast cancer who have received a prior systemic therapy in the metastatic setting or developed disease recurrence during or within six months of completing adjuvant chemotherapy based on the results from the DESTINY-Breast04 trial.

    Enhertu (5.4mg/kg) is approved in more than 55 countries/regions worldwide for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable or metastatic hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-low (IHC 1+ or IHC 2+/ ISH-) or HER2-ultralow (IHC 0 with membrane staining) breast cancer, as determined by a locally or regionally approved test, that have progressed on one or more endocrine therapies in the metastatic setting based on the results from the DESTINY-Breast06 trial.

    Enhertu (5.4mg/kg) is approved in more than 60 countries/regions worldwide for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumours have activating HER2 (ERBB2) mutations, as detected by a locally or regionally approved test, and who have received a prior systemic therapy based on the results from the DESTINY-Lung02 and/or DESTINY-Lung05 trials. Continued approval in China and the US for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial.

    Enhertu (6.4mg/kg) is approved in more than 70 countries/regions worldwide for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic HER2-positive (IHC 3+ or IHC 2+/ISH+) gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma who have received a prior trastuzumab-based regimen based on the results from the DESTINY-Gastric01, DESTINY-Gastric02 and/or DESTINY-Gastric06 trials. Continued approval in China for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial.

    Enhertu (5.4mg/kg) is approved in more than 10 countries/regions worldwide for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive (IHC 3+) solid tumours who have received prior systemic treatment and have no satisfactory alternative treatment options based on efficacy results from the DESTINY-PanTumor02, DESTINY-Lung01 and DESTINY-CRC02 trials. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial.

    Enhertu development programme
    A comprehensive global clinical development programme is underway evaluating the efficacy and safety of Enhertu as a monotherapy, in combination or sequentially with other cancer medicines across multiple HER2-targetable cancers.

    Daiichi Sankyo collaboration
    AstraZeneca and Daiichi Sankyo entered into a global collaboration to jointly develop and commercialise Enhertu in March 2019 and Datroway (datopotamab deruxtecan) in July 2020, except in Japan where Daiichi Sankyo maintains exclusive rights for each ADC. Daiichi Sankyo is responsible for the manufacturing and supply of Enhertu and Datroway.

    AstraZeneca in breast cancer
    Driven by a growing understanding of breast cancer biology, AstraZeneca is challenging, and redefining, the current clinical paradigm for how breast cancer is classified and treated to deliver even more effective treatments to patients in need – with the bold ambition to one day eliminate breast cancer as a cause of death.

    AstraZeneca has a comprehensive portfolio of approved and promising compounds in development that leverage different mechanisms of action to address the biologically diverse breast cancer tumour environment.

    With Enhertu, AstraZeneca and Daiichi Sankyo are aiming to improve outcomes in patients with HER2-positive, HER2-low and HER2-ultralow metastatic breast cancer and are exploring its potential in earlier lines of treatment and in new breast cancer settings.

    In HR-positive breast cancer, AstraZeneca continues to improve outcomes with foundational medicines Faslodex (fulvestrant) and Zoladex (goserelin) and aims to reshape the HR-positive space with first-in-class AKT inhibitor, Truqap (capivasertib), the TROP2-directed ADC, Datroway (datopotamab deruxtecan), and next-generation oral SERD and potential new medicine camizestrant.

    PARP inhibitor Lynparza (olaparib) is a targeted treatment option that has been studied in early and metastatic breast cancer patients with an inherited BRCA mutation. AstraZeneca with MSD (Merck & Co., Inc. in the US and Canada) continue to research Lynparza in these settings. AstraZeneca is also exploring the potential of saruparib, a potent and selective inhibitor of PARP1, in combination with camizestrant in BRCA-mutated, HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer.

    To bring much-needed treatment options to patients with triple-negative breast cancer, an aggressive form of breast cancer, AstraZeneca is collaborating with Daiichi Sankyo to evaluate the potential of Datroway alone and in combination with immunotherapy Imfinzi (durvalumab). 

    AstraZeneca in oncology
    AstraZeneca is leading a revolution in oncology with the ambition to provide cures for cancer in every form, following the science to understand cancer and all its complexities to discover, develop and deliver life-changing medicines to patients.

    The Company’s focus is on some of the most challenging cancers. It is through persistent innovation that AstraZeneca has built one of the most diverse portfolios and pipelines in the industry, with the potential to catalyse changes in the practice of medicine and transform the patient experience.

    AstraZeneca has the vision to redefine cancer care and, one day, eliminate cancer as a cause of death.

    AstraZeneca
    AstraZeneca (LSE/STO/Nasdaq: AZN) is a global, science-led biopharmaceutical company that focuses on the discovery, development, and commercialisation of prescription medicines in Oncology, Rare Diseases, and BioPharmaceuticals, including Cardiovascular, Renal & Metabolism, and Respiratory & Immunology. Based in Cambridge, UK, AstraZeneca’s innovative medicines are sold in more than 125 countries and used by millions of patients worldwide. Please visit astrazeneca.com and follow the Company on Social Media @AstraZeneca.

    Contacts
    For details on how to contact the Investor Relations Team, please click here. For Media contacts, click here.

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  • Attorney General Paxton Sues Five Major TV Companies, Including Some with Ties to the CCP, for Spying on Texans

    Attorney General Paxton Sues Five Major TV Companies, Including Some with Ties to the CCP, for Spying on Texans

    Attorney General Ken Paxton has filed suit against five major television companies for spying on Texans by secretly recording what consumers watch in their own homes. The five major corporations being sued are as follows: Sony, Samsung, LG, as well as Hisense and TCL Technology Group Corporation (“TCL”), which are both based in China. These Chinese ties pose serious concerns about consumer data harvesting and are exacerbated by China’s National Security Law, which gives its government the capability to get its hands on U.S. consumer data. 

    These companies have been unlawfully collecting personal data through Automated Content Recognition (“ACR”) technology. ACR in its simplest terms is an uninvited, invisible digital invader. This software can capture screenshots of a user’s television display every 500 milliseconds, monitor viewing activity in real time, and transmit that information back to the company without the user’s knowledge or consent. The companies then sell that consumer information to target ads across platforms for a profit. This technology puts users’ privacy and sensitive information, such as passwords, bank information, and other personal information at risk.

    “Companies, especially those connected to the Chinese Communist Party, have no business illegally recording Americans’ devices inside their own homes,” said Attorney General Paxton. “This conduct is invasive, deceptive, and unlawful. The fundamental right to privacy will be protected in Texas because owning a television does not mean surrendering your personal information to Big Tech or foreign adversaries.”

    Attorney General Paxton remains committed to holding corporations accountable for deceptive, abusive, or exploitative practices. The Office of the Attorney General recognizes the ongoing threat posed by the Chinese Communist Party to the safety, data security, and personal privacy of Texans, and will continue to aggressively investigate and stop any company that puts consumers at risk.

    Click to read the lawsuits against Sony, Samsung, LG, Hisense, and TCL. 

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  • Governor Lamont Announces Additional 40,000 Connecticut Residents To Have Medical Debt Erased

    Governor Lamont Announces Additional 40,000 Connecticut Residents To Have Medical Debt Erased

    (HARTFORD, CT) – Governor Ned Lamont today announced that nearly 40,000 Connecticut residents will receive letters in the mail this week informing them that some or all of their medical debt has been erased under an initiative the Lamont administration launched last year in partnership with the national nonprofit organization Undue Medical Debt to give relief to those who are having difficulties paying medical bills.

    This third round of the initiative is eliminating more than $63 million in medical debt. In total, nearly 160,000 Connecticut residents who’ve been struggling with bills have had $198 million in medical debt eliminated since the initiative began in December 2024.

    “Medical debt can delay healing due to stress and anxiety about how to pay these bills,” Governor Lamont said. “With this latest round of letters being sent out to Connecticut residents, we will have eliminated $198 million in medical debt over the last year. This makes a real difference in the lives of our families, reducing fear and concerns. My administration continues to work with other medical providers to help additional families, and I urge all of them to step up and be part of the solution to address the cost of healthcare in Connecticut.”

    Under the initiative, Undue Medical Debt leverages investments from the state to negotiate with hospitals and other providers on the elimination of large, bundled portfolios of qualifying medical debt owed by Connecticut patients. Those who qualify must have income at or below four times (400%) the federal poverty level or have medical debt that is 5% or more of their income. (The current federal poverty level is an annual income at or below $32,150 for a family of four.) Since these medical debts are acquired in bulk and belong to those least able to pay, they cost a fraction of their face value, often pennies on the dollar.

    Connecticut residents who have been identified for debt relief will receive an Undue Medical Debt branded envelope containing a letter from Undue Medical Debt in the mail over the next several days. (To view a sample of what this letter looks like, click here.)

    Because this debt erasure occurs through the purchase of large, qualifying bundled portfolios of debt from participating partners like hospitals and collection agencies, there is no application process for this relief and it cannot be requested.

    “I’m grateful to Governor Lamont and Connecticut for their continued leadership in providing medical debt relief to residents across the state,” Allison Sesso, CEO and president of Undue Medical Debt, said. “This third round builds on tremendous progress — nearly 160,000 people helped and $198 million in debts of necessity erased. Medical debt creates both financial strain and emotional burdens that prevent families from seeking the care they need. We’re proud to partner with Connecticut’s community-minded providers who recognize that removing these unpayable debts helps their patients and communities thrive, and we look forward to bringing relief to even more families in the future.”

    The first round of the initiative in December 2024 erased approximately $30 million in medical debt for approximately 23,000 people; and the second round in May 2025 erased more than $100 million in medical debt for 100,000 people.

    Governor Lamont intends to continue partnering with Undue Medical Debt to enact further rounds of medical debt cancellation. The governor and the Connecticut General Assembly enacted legislation that makes $6.5 million in ARPA funding available for this initiative.

     

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  • Fourth Quarter 2025 Price and Inflation Expectations Survey

    Fourth Quarter 2025 Price and Inflation Expectations Survey

    Note: Survey responses were collected from November 10 to November 20.

    Firms’ Expectations of Price Growth Fell Relative to Last Quarter

    Third District firms reported that expected increases both for prices they will receive for their own goods and services and for U.S. inflation over the next four quarters moved down in the fourth quarter of 2025 compared with the third quarter. Their expectations for compensation held steady. Firms reported a similar increase in their own prices over the past year compared with last quarter.

    Firms Expect Smaller Rise in Own Prices and Steady Growth in Compensation Costs Relative to Last Quarter

    For the fourth quarter of 2025 through the fourth quarter of 2026, the firms’ mean forecast for their own prices was for an increase of 2.6 percent, down from 3.3 percent last quarter. Firms expected compensation costs per employee to rise 3.3 percent over the same time period, unchanged from last quarter. The mean forecast for U.S. inflation was 3.6 percent, down from 4.7 percent last quarter.

     

    Firms Expect Smaller Price Increases Compared with Their Current Price Growth

    Looking back over the past year (the fourth quarter of 2024 to the fourth quarter of 2025), firms reported that the prices they received for their own goods and services rose 3.0 percent, little changed from the 2.9 percent they reported last quarter and higher than the 2.6 percent growth they expect over the next four quarters.

    Reported Changes in Own Prices vs. Expectations

     

    Firms Expect Lower U.S. Inflation Relative to Last Quarter’s Expectation

    Firms’ median expectation for U.S. inflation declined to 3.0 percent from 3.3 percent, its second consecutive decrease and lowest reading in a year. The mean expectation also moved down, to 3.6 percent from 4.7 percent last quarter.

    One-Year-Ahead U.S. Inflation Expectations

     

    Long-Term Median Inflation Expectations Tick Up

    For the longer run, firms’ median expectation of the average annual price increase that U.S. consumers will experience over the next 10 years moved up to 4.0 percent, following nine consecutive quarters at 3.0 percent. The mean expectation dropped to 6.1 percent from 9.3 percent, after rising in five consecutive quarters.

    Ten-Year-Ahead U.S. Inflation Expectations

    Price and Inflation Expectations Survey

    Firm Type Current
    2025 Q4
    (%)
    		 Previous
    2025 Q3
    (%)
    Reported Change in Own Firm Prices
    Prices the respondent’s firm received (for its own goods
    and services sold) over the past four quarters     		All 3.0 2.9
    Manufacturing 2.9 3.7
    Nonmanufacturing 3.0 2.3

    Expected Change in Own Firm Prices
    Prices the respondent’s firm will receive (for its own goods
    and services sold) over the next four quarters     		All 2.6 3.3
    Manufacturing 2.9 3.8
    Nonmanufacturing 2.4 3.0

    Expected Change in Own Compensation
    Compensation the respondent’s firm will pay per employee
    (for wages and benefits) over the next four quarters

    		 All 3.3 3.3
    Manufacturing 3.2 3.3
    Nonmanufacturing 3.3 3.2

    Expected U.S. Inflation
    Prices U.S. consumers will pay for goods and services
    over the next four quarters

    		 All (median) 3.0 3.3
    All 3.6 4.7
    Manufacturing 3.2 4.5
    Nonmanufacturing 4.1 4.8

    Expected Long-Run U.S. Inflation
    Prices U.S. consumers will pay for goods and services
    over the next four quarters     		All (median) 4.0 3.0
    All 6.0 9.3
    Manufacturing 5.4 7.8
    Nonmanufacturing 6.6 10.3
    Notes: Results reflect data received through November 20, 2025. The numbers in the table represent the trimmed means of individual firm forecasts (percent changes) unless noted otherwise. For Long-Run U.S. Inflation forecasts, firms provided a 10-year annual-average change. The previous quarter’s results reflect forecasts made in 2025 Q3 for 2026 Q3.

    To see how reported and expected firm prices compare with U.S. CPI over time, see the PIES data explorer.

    For more information on how PIES data compare with U.S. CPI as well as with other inflation forecasts, see
    Introducing PIES.

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  • Hartford Hospital Named Top Teaching Hospital | Hartford HealthCare

    Hartford Hospital Named Top Teaching Hospital | Hartford HealthCare

    << Back

    December 15, 2025

    Highlighting its nationally recognized achievements in patient safety and quality, Hartford Hospital has been named a Top Teaching Hospital, now five years in a row, by The Leapfrog Group, a national watchdog organization for health care safety and quality. This award is widely acknowledged as one of the most competitive awards American hospitals can receive.

    “This recognition, five years in a row, is one way to underscore the value of putting the patient at the center of everything we do,” said Cheryl Ficara, RN, MSN, NEA-BC, President of Hartford Hospital and Senior Vice President of Hartford HealthCare. “As a high reliability organization, we take error prevention very seriously. I commend our colleagues for upholding rigorous standards in every interaction and am proud of the critical work our team members do every day. This award highlights Hartford Hospital’s national standing as a place to receive and provide care.”

    Only 73 hospitals in the country received the Top Teaching award this year.

    The Leapfrog Group rates hospitals on how well they protect patients from preventable harm, including accidents, injuries and infections. The Leapfrog Top Teaching Hospital award is given to hospitals that publicly report their performance through the Leapfrog Hospital Survey and meet the high standards defined in the Top Hospitals methodology. This includes infection rates, maternity care and a hospital’s ability to prevent medication errors, among other standards. The rigorous standards are defined in each year’s Top Hospital Methodology.

    To qualify for the distinction, hospitals must rank top among peers on the Leapfrog Hospital Survey, which assesses hospital performance on the highest standards for quality and patient safety, and achieve top performance in their category.

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  • County Seeking Nonprofit Tenant for Lasalle Building

    Mecklenburg County is requesting quotes from nonprofit organizations interested in serving as a tenant and service-provider at 2324 Lasalle St., Charlotte.

    The County is seeking a nonprofit organization dedicated to providing services towards academic success and upwards economic mobility for youth and families. The facility is in a high-need area, with several schools nearby.

    The ideal nonprofit will utilize the County-owned facility to provide long-term economic mobility focused programming, including academic and workforce services. They will also work with partners to develop additional service offerings.

    Applicants must have a vendor profile with the County to submit a response. For more information on vendor registration and how to submit a response, please visit the MeckProcure page.

    Responses must be emailed to [email protected] by Jan. 30, 2026, at 2 p.m. 

    See the full Request for Quotes (RFQ) document under the “View Published Solicitations” tab.  

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  • EmpowHER Tech Launchpad wraps up successful fall program – City of Mississauga

    EmpowHER Tech Launchpad wraps up successful fall program – City of Mississauga

    The 12-week hybrid program supports women-led tech startups with mentorship, training and investor readiness to drive innovation.

    Earlier this month, IDEA Mississauga hosted a showcase celebrating the conclusion of EmpowHER Tech Launchpad, a 12-week program designed to help women-led tech companies grow their businesses and expand their market reach. The program is in partnership with York University’s YSpace. This is one of several initiatives the IDEA Mississauga hosts and facilitates to support local businesses in accelerating their growth path.

    The event brought together founders, mentors, investors, and community partners to celebrate the entrepreneurs’ successful completion of the fall 2025 session. Over the past three months, participants received expert-led training, one-on-one mentorship, and investment readiness sessions to strengthen their strategies for long-term success.

    The showcase, held at Mississauga City Hall’s C Banquets, featured inspiring pitches from companies developing solutions in B2B SaaS, Blockchain and Fintech, Consumer Packaged Goods (CPG) in the Food & Beverages sector and sustainability. Founders shared how the program helped them refine growth strategies, attract investors, and expand their workforce.

    EmpowHer cohort seated in front row of event showcase held at C Banquets in December 2025.

    Success stories include LOCVM founded by Angelique Bernabe; Deal Bodies founded by Krys Lunardo and Trycycle Toys founded by Meghan Trivedi. All companies leveraged EmpowHER’s mentorship to launch solutions, pitch to investors and unlock business avenues across the GTA. Through the partnership between IDEA Mississauga and YSpace, the program helps build an inclusive tech sector rooted in innovation, resilience, and leadership.

    For more details about future cohorts, program highlights, and participant stories, visit IDEA Mississauga’s EmpowHER Tech Launchpad webpage.

    Decorative

    About IDEA Mississauga

    IDEA Mississauga, powered by Invest Mississauga, brings together industry, government, education, and organizational leaders to help start-ups and scale-ups accelerate ideas and commercialize solutions. IDEA offers entrepreneurs a full suite of resources to support their growth, including tailored programs, services, and a strong network of mentors, partners, and talent. From start-up to scale-up, the IDEA team is dedicated to driving innovation and turning entrepreneurs’ ideas into reality.

    About YSpace

    YSpace is York University’s pan-university entrepreneurship and innovation hub supporting scale-ups, start-ups, and entrepreneurs from a variety of sectors and communities. YSpace’s programming spans from scaling innovative technologies through customer and investor capital to advancing agri-food businesses into mass retail. YSpace also focuses on diversity initiatives like ELLA powered by Desjardins for women-led businesses and Black Entrepreneurship Alliance (BEA) for Black-led businesses. Additionally, through the Start-Up Visa program, YSpace is building a robust ecosystem that drives positive change and empowers entrepreneurs to shape the future.

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    Media contact

    City of Mississauga Media Relations
    media@mississauga.ca
    905-615-3200, ext. 5232
    TTY: 905-896-5151

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  • Decent work in renewable energy and critical mineral supply chains: Trends, challenges and innovations in Asia and the Pacific

    Decent work in renewable energy and critical mineral supply chains: Trends, challenges and innovations in Asia and the Pacific

    Renewable energy and critical mineral supply chains are undergoing significant expansion driven by worsening climate change and environmental impacts and technological advancements, amid significant geographic concentration. These changes have implications for challenges and opportunities for decent work across regions and segments of the workforce.

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  • CC Signals: What We’ve Been Working On

    CC Signals: What We’ve Been Working On

    As we look back on 2025, it’s clear that the internet as we know it is changing. Technology-enabled access to knowledge should be flourishing. Instead, information is being removed from the web or locked away in walled gardens. We are experiencing a crisis in the commons, driven in part by current AI development practices. New systems are emerging in response—from content monetization schemes and licensing agreements designed to protect large rightsholders, to the ongoing morass of lawsuits about how AI services are using content as data. We are in the midst of a major reconfiguration of how we share and reuse content on the web.

    “Distorted Forest Path” by Lone Thomasky & Bits&Bäume, CC BY 4.0, remixed by Creative Commons, CC BY 4.0.

    CC Signals: A Refresher

    It is within this environment that we continue to develop CC signals. 

    We introduced the CC signals concept last June during a live webinar, and further explored the motivation behind this work in our report From Human Content to Machine Data. We also shared the outcomes of our open feedback period following the CC signals kickoff. Since then, we’ve been experimenting in partnership with values-aligned stakeholders and developing pilot projects to test ideas raised by the community.

    The goal of CC signals is to help creators and custodians of collections express how they want their content or data to be used in AI development in ways that uphold reciprocity, recognition, and sustainability. Today’s AI systems depend on vast amounts of human-created content, often collected without the awareness or involvement of those who made it. This has concentrated power and undermined trust in the social contract of the commons. 

    CC signals responds by promoting community agency while preserving Creative Commons’ core commitment to access and openness. Ultimately, through CC signals and other interventions that infuse concepts of reciprocity in standards and practices, we envision an open internet where participation is equitable, creators are respected, and innovation advances the commons—not unchecked extraction.

    CC Signals: Where Are We Now?

    CC signals is an evolving, values-driven framework—currently being tested through a series of pilot efforts. Our strategy is to explore modular approaches across legal, technical, and normative dimensions to encourage responsible AI development practices. This allows CC signals to adapt as norms, technologies, and standards continue to evolve.  

    At present, two key implementations are underway:

    • Implementing CC signals on Mozilla Data Collective: We are working in partnership with our friends at Mozilla, looking at how implementation of CC signals would work on the Mozilla Data Collective platform, which is purpose-built to enable ethical dataset sharing and fair value exchange. Our plan is to test various ways of incorporating some measure of legal enforceability into CC signals. We also hope to use this as an opportunity to test which CC signal elements are most popular and impactful, and which ones have the biggest impact on AI developer behavior. 
    • Adapting the CC signals contribution element in the RSL framework: Using the framework of the ecosystem contribution signal element, we are working with the RSL Collective to embed the notion of reciprocal contribution into this evolving standard. As a platform that will let rightsholders set machine-readable licensing terms for their content, integrating the contribution element ensures that standards such as RSL provide mechanisms for AI developers to contribute back to the commons at the collective or community level, not simply a one-to-one payment. 

    Beyond CC signals itself, we are also exploring whether updates to CC’s license infrastructure could further strengthen and support the commons in the age of AI.  

    Looking Ahead

    We are actively seeking expressions of interest from dataset custodians who are interested in participating in the Mozilla Data Collective pilot project. If that’s you, we’d love to hear from you.  

    We are also exploring sector-specific CC signals integrations, particularly within cultural heritage and science. 

    Ultimately, CC signals are incarnations of what we want to see in the world—more recognition for authorship, sustainable commons communities, mutual commitments to shared resources. We are focused on building a vocabulary and vision for the values we think a successful commons needs to thrive. 

    This work is resource-intensive. We need your support to ensure this work continues to be led by public interest organizations. Please donate today.

    Posted 15 December 2025

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