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  • New safety video into chemical storage fire that caused $150 million in damage

    New safety video into chemical storage fire that caused $150 million in damage

    15 September 2025

    The US Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) has released a new safety video on its investigation into the significant fire that burned for three days at the Intercontinental Terminals Company (ITC) facility in Deer Park, Texas on 17 March 2019. The video, entitled “Terminal Failure: Fire at ITC”, includes an animation of the incident and commentary from CSB Chairperson Steve Owens and Investigator-In-Charge Crystal Thomas.

    At the time of the incident, the ITC facility housed 242 aboveground storage tanks, which were used to store petrochemical products for various companies. Each tank could hold up to 80,000 barrels of flammable petrochemical liquids, including naphtha, toluene, xylene, and other gas blends. The CSB’s final investigation report into the incident was released in July 2023.

    On the morning of 17 March 2019, a circulation pump on one of those tanks, known as Tank 80-8, catastrophically failed, allowing a large quantity of a flammable liquid blend of butane and naphtha to escape from the tank and accumulate on the ground around it. The release went unnoticed and continued for approximately thirty minutes before flammable vapours collecting around the tank ignited and caused a massive fire.

    Once the fire erupted, ITC was unable to isolate or stop the release. The fire burned for three days, destroying 15 of the 80,000-barrel tanks and their contents, causing more than $150 million in property damage at the facility, and leading to several shelter-in-place orders that seriously disrupted the local community.

    The incident also significantly impacted the environment. A containment wall around the tanks breached and released an estimated 470,000-523,000 barrels of hydrocarbon and petrochemical products, firefighting foam, and contaminated water, which entered an adjacent bayou and eventually reached the Houston Ship Channel. A seven-mile stretch of the Channel was closed, along with several waterfront parks in Harris County and the City of LaPorte, due to the contamination.

    In the video, CSB Chairperson Steve Owens states: “The incident at the ITC terminal resulted from several serious failures at the facility. In particular, ITC lacked monitors to alert operators that the pump had failed. And ITC had no remotely operated emergency isolation valves that could have safely stopped the release of the flammable liquid. The tank farm’s design also meant that other tanks were highly vulnerable. Once the pump failed, it was too late to prevent a catastrophic fire from happening.”

    As in the CSB’s final report, the safety video covers five key safety issues that contributed to the incident: pump mechanical integrity, flammable gas detection systems, remotely operated emergency isolation valves, tank farm design, and PSM and RMP applicability. The video also highlights safety recommendations made by the CSB to ITC, the American Petroleum Institute, OSHA, and the EPA.

    Chairperson Owens concludes the video by saying: “A serious gap in federal regulations also contributed to the severity of this event.  We believe that our recommendations, particularly to OSHA and EPA, to expand regulatory oversight of these kinds of chemicals and facilities will help ensure that a similar incident does not occur in the future.”


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  • Water flow normalizing in rivers of Punjab – RADIO PAKISTAN

    1. Water flow normalizing in rivers of Punjab  RADIO PAKISTAN
    2. More than two million people evacuated from deadly floods in Pakistan  BBC
    3. Rallying support for those in need  Dawn
    4. Floods to famine: how 2025 could trigger economic crisis  The Express Tribune
    5. Flood losses estimated at Rs500bn  The News International

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  • Devastating floods, universities and our responsibilities  

    Devastating floods, universities and our responsibilities  

    The recent floods in Pakistan have left behind unprecedented destruction, displacing millions of people, damaging homes, crippling livelihoods, and devastating infrastructure. According to the Federal Minister for Planning, the country has suffered a staggering loss of over Rs. 500 billion. In response, the federal government has declared a Health Emergency and an Agriculture Emergency, recognising the scale of the crisis. Beyond the immediate suffering, these floods will have far-reaching consequences on our already fragile economy, particularly as agriculture, the backbone of Pakistan’s economy, has been badly affected. Food insecurity, unemployment, and economic slowdown are likely to worsen in the months ahead.

    At such a time, Pakistan’s higher education sector must rise to the challenge. With 274 Higher Education Commission (HEC) recognised universities and over 140 campuses spread across the country, our universities are more than just academic centres; they are hubs of knowledge, youth energy, and community engagement. These institutions can play a transformative role in relief and rehabilitation. University students and faculty can volunteer in flood-hit areas, distributing food, water, and medicines. Medical universities can set up health camps and provide life-saving support to communities exposed to disease outbreaks. Agricultural and engineering institutions can develop innovative solutions, from flood-resistant crops to disaster-resilient infrastructure. Universities also have the responsibility to raise awareness on climate change, disaster preparedness, and community resilience, ensuring society learns vital lessons from this tragedy.

    However, universities alone cannot meet this challenge. The role of effective local bodies is equally critical. Local governments are the first responders at the grassroots level, uniquely positioned to assess needs and ensure the timely and fair distribution of aid. Unfortunately, the absence or weakness of local bodies in many parts of Pakistan has often led to inefficiency and delays in disaster management. Strengthening this basic tier of governance is essential if relief and rehabilitation efforts are to succeed.

    An inspiring example of academic institutions stepping up comes from OIC-COMSTECH, under the leadership of Prof. Dr. Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary, Coordinator General. On his special instructions, a COMSTECH relief team recently visited the flood-affected areas of Chaniot, Vehari, and Khairpur Tamewali in South Punjab to provide humanitarian support and solidarity. The delegation, led by the author, worked in collaboration with COMSATS University Vehari Campus and local organisations. The relief convoy carried food items, clean drinking water, medicines, and medical kits, supported by volunteers who ensured transparent and effective distribution. Prof. Choudhary, in his message of solidarity, reaffirmed COMSTECH’s commitment, declaring that the organisation “stands firmly with the people of Pakistan” and will continue mobilising all available resources to support flood victims.

    Earlier, COMSTECH, in partnership with Government College University Faisalabad, organised two medical camps in suburban areas of Chiniot near the Chenab River, where doctors, faculty, and student volunteers provided ration bags, clean drinking water, and medical treatment to dozens of families. Prof. Dr. Rauf-I-Azam, Vice Chancellor of Government College University Faisalabad, was physically present in the flood-affected areas, personally leading the relief efforts alongside his team, which greatly motivated students and faculty to take part in this humanitarian mission. These relief activities, along with the participation of member institutions of the COMSTECH Consortium of Excellence, highlight how universities can effectively combine academic expertise with humanitarian service.

    While immediate relief is vital, the real challenge is long-term rehabilitation. Universities can help shape government policy on climate adaptation, disaster risk reduction, and sustainable agriculture. They can train farmers, health workers, and local communities in resilience and preparedness. Institutions with expertise in GIS and data science can map flood-prone areas and develop early warning systems. Architecture and engineering departments can design affordable, eco-friendly housing solutions for displaced families. Such interventions will not only address current suffering but also prepare the nation for future climate-induced disasters.

    The devastating floods of 2025 are a stark reminder of our vulnerabilities. With losses exceeding Rs. 500 billion, Pakistan cannot afford fragmented responses. The federal and provincial governments must lead, but universities, local bodies, and institutions like COMSTECH must play their part with equal determination. Our universities, with their reach and resources, should integrate humanitarian service into their missions. Local bodies must be empowered to serve effectively at the grassroots. COMSTECH’s example shows that academic institutions can indeed become beacons of hope in times of despair.

    It is now the collective responsibility of all stakeholders, including government, academia, local bodies, civil society, and international partners, to rebuild lives, restore dignity, and ensure a more resilient future for our flood-affected brothers and sisters


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  • Netanyahu reaffirms U.S. alliance as Rubio visits Jerusalem after Qatar strikes

    Netanyahu reaffirms U.S. alliance as Rubio visits Jerusalem after Qatar strikes

    DOHA, Qatar — Secretary of State Marco Rubio’s visit to Israel sends a “clear message” of support, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Monday, as it emerged that a key Qatari negotiator narrowly avoided an Israeli strike because their meeting was delayed.

    Rubio landed in Jerusalem on Sunday seeking answers from Israel after its unprecedented attack on Hamas leaders inside Qatar, another key American partner in the Middle East. The Trump administration has sought to distance itself from the strike, which has outraged regional powers and could have escalated even further.

    Qatar’s key negotiator, who regularly talks to both Israel and Hamas, was due to be at the villa that Israel struck last Tuesday, a diplomat with knowledge of the talks told NBC News. At the last moment his meeting with Hamas was delayed, they said.

    Rubio said Saturday that the U.S. was unhappy about the attack on the building in Qatar’s capital, Doha, but Netanyahu emphasized the enduring U.S.-Israel alliance as the two spoke to reporters.

    “America has no better ally than Israel, and of course, Israel has no better ally than America,” he said, adding that President Donald Trump is the “greatest friend” Israel has ever had in the White House.

    “Your visit to Israel today is a clear message that the United States stands with Israel,” he said to Rubio.

    Rubio, too, promised “unwavering support” for Israel’s goals in Gaza, saying Hamas must be “eliminated” and the hostages returned “immediately.”

    “As much as we may wish that there’d be a sort of a peaceful, diplomatic way to end it, and we’ll continue to explore and be dedicated to it, we also have to be prepared for the possibility that that’s not going to happen,” he added.

    Rubio and Netanyahu in Jerusalem on Monday.Nathan Howard / AFP – Getty Images

    Despite the public show of unity, Rubio’s trip underlines Washington’s delicate effort to balance relations with key allies while managing the fallout of the attack.

    Rubio will travel to Qatar on Tuesday after meeting with Netanyahu in Israel, then make his way to the U.K., according to a senior State Department official.

    On Sunday, Qatar began hosting a summit of Arab and Muslim leaders in the wake of the strikes, which drew condemnation from the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and other regional powers.

    The Supreme Council of the Gulf Cooperation Council said in a statement on Monday that the attack was “a blatant assault on the efforts of the international community and its international organizations aimed at achieving a ceasefire in the Gaza Strip and the release of hostages and detainees, and constitutes a flagrant violation of international law.”

    The United Nations Human Rights Council said it would hold an urgent debate on Tuesday to “discuss the recent military aggression” by Israel on Qatar.

    Trump met with Qatari Prime Minister Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani in New York on Friday, days after Israel’s strike. The Qatari premier, who accused Israel of having “killed any hope” of releasing hostages still held in Gaza, also met with Rubio and Vice President JD Vance.

    Elsewhere, Israeli forces have intensified aerial attacks on famine-stricken Gaza City and nearby areas in recent weeks, as part of an operation to occupy the city.

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  • Chris Wilder appointed Sheffield United manager for third time with goal of promotion | Sheffield United

    Chris Wilder appointed Sheffield United manager for third time with goal of promotion | Sheffield United

    Chris Wilder has been confirmed as Sheffield United’s new manager on a contract to 2027 after Rubén Sellés was sacked on Sunday. It is the 57-year-old’s third spell in charge of his boyhood club – and comes just three months after he was dismissed by the hierarchy. He takes over a team bottom of the Championship after defeats in all five of their league matches.

    United said in a statement that promotion remained the ambition for the season. The club are nine points off the playoffs and 13 behind the leaders, Middlesbrough, after the 5-0 loss at Ipswich on Friday that triggered Sellés’s dismissal.

    It is thought Wilder has returned empowered after clashing previously with the US ownership, the COH Sports consortium, around its transfer strategy shift. The club’s attempts to implement artificial intelligence-led recruitment have so far backfired.

    Wilder, who had two stints as a United player, was the manager from 2016 to 2021 and 2023 to 2025. He led the club into the Premier League in 2019, finishing ninth in 2019-20, their first season back in the top flight. They struggled in 2020-21, however, with Wilder departing in March 2021 as the side faced a return to the Championship. He returned as manager in December 2023 and last season his side accumulated 90 points in the regular league season. But he was shown the exit door once again after defeat by Sunderland in the playoff final, losing 2-1 to a stoppage-time winner.

    “Following a difficult start to the season, the board felt it necessary to make a change in order to stabilise performances and strengthen our push for promotion,” a club statement said. “While the adoption of a different style of play was pursued with ambition, results have clearly not met expectations.

    “Chris Wilder returns with proven leadership and an unparalleled understanding of Sheffield United. We are confident he is the right person to restore momentum, unite the squad and supporters, and deliver the results necessary to achieve our objectives this season.

    “We would like to thank Rubén Sellés for his hard work and professionalism during his time at the club. Responsibility for recent results lies with us as owners, and we remain fully committed to supporting the team and pursuing promotion.”

    Wilder’s first game back in the dugout will be when Sheffield United host Charlton at Bramall Lane on Saturday.

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  • Flashlight Repair Brings Entire Workshop To Bear

    Flashlight Repair Brings Entire Workshop To Bear

    The modern hacker and maker has an incredible array of tools at their disposal — even a modestly appointed workbench these days would have seemed like science-fiction a couple decades ago. Desktop 3D printers, laser cutters, CNC mills, lathes, the list goes on and on. But what good is all that fancy gear if you don’t put it to work once and awhile?

    If we had to guess, we’d say dust never gets a chance to accumulate on any of the tools in [Ed Nisley]’s workshop. According to his blog, the prolific hacker is either building or repairing something on a nearly basis. All of his posts are worth reading, but the multifaceted rebuilding of a Anker LC-40 flashlight from a couple months back recently caught our eye.

    The problem was simple enough: the button on the back of the light went from working intermittently to failing completely. [Ed] figured there must be a drop in replacement out there, but couldn’t seem to find one in his online searches. So he took to the parts bin and found a surface-mount button that was nearly the right size. At the time, it seemed like all he had to do was print out a new flexible cover for the button out of TPU, but getting the material to cooperate took him down an unexpected rabbit hole of settings and temperatures.

    With the cover finally printed, there was a new problem. It seemed that the retaining ring that held in the button PCB was damaged during disassembly, so [Ed] ended up having to design and print a new one. Unfortunately, the 0.75 mm pitch threads on the retaining ring were just a bit too small to reasonably do with an FDM printer, so he left the sides solid and took the print over to the lathe to finish it off.

    Of course, the tiny printed ring was too small and fragile to put into the chuck of the lathe, so [Ed] had to design and print a fixture to hold it. Oh, and since the lathe was only designed to cut threads in inches, he had to make a new gear to convert it over to millimeters. But at least that was a project he completed previously.

    With the fine threads cut into the printed retaining ring ready to hold in the replacement button and its printed cover, you might think the flashlight was about to be fixed. But alas, it was not to be. It seems the original button had a physical stabilizer on it to keep it from wobbling around, which wouldn’t fit now that the button had been changed. [Ed] could have printed a new part here as well, but to keep things interesting, he turned to the laser cutter and produced a replacement from a bit of scrap acrylic.

    In the end, the flashlight was back in fighting form, and the story would seem to be at an end. Except for the fact that [Ed] eventually did find the proper replacement button online. So a few days later he ended up taking the flashlight apart, tossing the custom parts he made, and reassembling it with the originals.

    Some might look at this whole process and see a waste of time, but we prefer to look at it as a training exercise. After all, the experienced gained is more valuable than keeping a single flashlight out of the dump. That said, should the flashlight ever take a dive in the future, we’re confident [Ed] will know how to fix it. Even better, now we do as well.

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  • Jean Smart, Cristin Milioti, Alan Cumming and More Win 2025 Emmy Awards | Broadway Buzz

    Jean Smart, Cristin Milioti, Alan Cumming and More Win 2025 Emmy Awards | Broadway Buzz

    Jean Smart
    (Photo by Matt Winkelmeyer/Getty Images)

    The 77th Emmy Awards took place on September 14, hosted by Nate Bargatze, with a number of actors familiar to Broadway audiences picking up awards. 

    Jean Smart, who starred in the solo Broadway play Call Me Izzy over the summer, won for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series for her performance in Hacks, beating out Uzo Aduba (The Residence) as well as Kristen Bell (Nobody Wants This), Quinta Brunson (Abbott Elementary) and Ayo Edebiri (The Bear) in her categoryIt is Smart’s seventh Emmy win. 

    For her performance in The Penguin, Tony Award nominee Cristin Milioti (Once) won the award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or TV Movie. For his work on The Traitors, Alan Cumming won his fifth Emmy, for Oustanding Host for a Reality/Competition Program.

    Elsewhere, the Emmy for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy went to Jeff Hiller (a Broadway vet for Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson) for Somebody Somewhere and two-time Tony Award winner Bryan Cranston won for Outstanding Comedy Guest Actor for his work in The Studio. The Late Show With Stephen Colbert—which will vacate its former Broadway theater venue, The Ed Sullivan Theater, in May 2026—won for Outstanding Variety Series.

    Check out the full list of winners here.

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  • Prebiotic Functional Programs: Endogenous Selection In An Artificial Chemistry

    Prebiotic Functional Programs: Endogenous Selection In An Artificial Chemistry

    Amplification of the successor function under varying initial conditions. For each pixel in the heatmap, 100 soups containing 5000 expressions are run for 106 collisions. We measure the number of soups containing at least 20% successor functions at the end of their runs. Each soup is initialized with a small fraction of successor functions (yaxis), and a large fraction of test functions (x-axis). Bright yellow indicates that all soups have a large quantity of successor functions, dark blue indicates that none do. — cs.FL

    Artificial chemistry simulations produce many intriguing emergent behaviors, but they are often difficult to steer or control.

    This paper proposes a method for steering the dynamics of a classic artificial chemistry model, known as AlChemy (Algorithmic Chemistry), which is based on untyped lambda calculus.

    Our approach leverages features that are endogenous to AlChemy without constructing an explicit external fitness function or building learning into the dynamics. We demonstrate the approach by synthesizing non-trivial lambda functions, such as Church addition and succession, from simple primitives.

    The results provide insight into the possibility of endogenous selection in diverse systems such as autocatalytic chemical networks and software systems.

    Devansh Vimal, Cole Mathis, Westley Weimer, Stephanie Forrest

    Subjects: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL); Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
    Cite as: arXiv:2509.03534 [cs.FL] (or arXiv:2509.03534v1 [cs.FL] for this version)
    https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.03534
    Focus to learn more
    Submission history
    From: Cole Mathis
    [v1] Wed, 27 Aug 2025 00:01:42 UTC (650 KB)
    https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.03534

    Astrobiology,

    Explorers Club Fellow, ex-NASA Space Station Payload manager/space biologist, Away Teams, Journalist, Lapsed climber, Synaesthete, Na’Vi-Jedi-Freman-Buddhist-mix, ASL, Devon Island and Everest Base Camp veteran, (he/him) 🖖🏻

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  • Inside The REFORM Gala With Jay-Z, Beyoncé, The Weeknd and More

    Inside The REFORM Gala With Jay-Z, Beyoncé, The Weeknd and More

    To the untrained eye, it seems like just any other weekend inside Atlantic City’s Ocean Casino Resort. The last trickle of summer tourists meander the casino halls, lounge by the pool, and hit the beach’s boardwalk in a desperate attempt to soak up one of the last steamy weekends of the year. But on Saturday (Sept. 13), half of Hollywood quietly descended on the resort for the REFORM Alliance Casino Night and Gala, one of the year’s most sumptuous fundraisers and parties in support of REFORM’s efforts to transform probation and parole in America.

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    As the plethora of stars — including Jay-Z, Beyoncé, Kevin Hart, Travis Scott, Ice Spice, Machine Gun Kelly, Quavo, DJ Khaled, Latto, Emma Roberts, Jamie Foxx, French Montana and Ne-Yo — all made their way into the resort’s Ovation Hall, they were handed fizzling glasses of Armand de Brignac, while other attendees sipped on spicy D’USSÉ Sidecars or warm, comforting Espresso Martini’s.

    Foxx reunited with his Back in Action co-star Cameron Diaz, laughing and gabbing the night away while Foxx’s towering Buffalo Hat shielded his face from nosy onlookers (like Billboard). Robert Kraft — sandwiched in between Travis Scott and his fellow REFORM Alliance Board Member Michael Rubin — shared hushed conversations with both. Kraft would later bid almost a million dollars for a round of golf with his old friend Tom Brady, who during the night’s scheduled auction appeared illuminated on the stage via Zoom to oversee the bidding war.

    That round of golf, which would be played at Michael Jordan’s private Grove XXIII golf club, would actually go for $1.8 million. Elsewhere, an exclusive concert from Megan Thee Stallion and a one-of-one linen George Condo painting would soon after sell for $600,000 and a whopping $3.4 million, much at the teasing and baiting of the evening’s host Kevin Hart.

    “It’s a round of golf, Tiffany,” Hart called out at one point to Tiffany Haddish, who put up a good fight to try and secure herself a 9-hole game with the seven-time Super Bowl champ. “It’s not a date with Tom Brady!”

    Elsewhere in the auction, a painting by Rashid Johnson, titled “Soul Painting for Freedom,” sold for over a million, while another bidding war ensued for an Audemars Piguet timepiece made exclusively for Jay-Z, who sat sequestered alongside his wife Beyoncé in the middle of the banquet hall.

    Money was spent, drinks were poured, belly laughs echoed through the halls. Yet while the evening felt like an aristocratic dinner with some of today’s biggest stars, there were solemn reminders along the way about the true impact at play with REFORM’s work.

    “The mission hasn’t changed,” Meek Mill told Billboard, drink in hand outside the gala in a neatly tailored black tie ensemble. “We’ve changed about 22 laws and statutes in a bunch of states. I think the goal is just to keep going. We’re gonna one day talk about the people in the system that need jobs, so eventually we’ll venture over to that. But right now we’re focusing on parol and probation by going state to state, we’ve done eight or nine states so far.”

    Since REFORM’s inception in 2019 — which started after Meek Mill’s controversial parole violation in 2017 when he popped a wheelie on his dirt bike and received a two-to-four year prison sentence — the non-profit has passed 22 bills in 12 states aimed at curtailing the supervision-to-prison pipeline and the supervision-to-poverty trap that effects millions of ex-convicts.

    One of those impacted individuals, James Severe, spoke onstage prior to the auction, and grew emotional as he shared his own struggles within the prison system and how REFORM’s efforts changed his life. Regardless of these heartwarming stories, it’s hard to ignore whether the second Trump Administration will value criminal justice reform in the same way as REFORM itself.

    “I think overall, no,” Rubin said when Billboard asked if criminal justice reform was as unifying a topic as it used to be. “But for what we do at REFORM, absolutely. This is the one place people aren’t debating. People know we need to fix this. There are a lot of parts of criminal justice reform people don’t agree with, but I think the mission here has been clear since we started.”

    However, REFORM’s CEO Jessica Jackson added that since the nonprofit’s last gala in 2023 they’d passed five new bills, including the groundbreaking Act 44 in Meek’s home state of Pennsylvania, which eases the more draconian aspects of Pennsylvania’s restrictive probation system. This movement alone shows there is some bipartisan flexibility on this issue.

    “I think because of the way REFORM Alliance does our work, where we actually sit down with key stakeholders from all across the aisle — business leaders, faith leaders, law enforcement — we have been able to find that people on all sides of the aisle really think there needs to be reform, that there needs to be common sense injected into [the system],” Jackson added. “Our biggest obstacle has just been the ability to really get out there. But the incredible news is that as we’ve been passing these bills, we’ve been working on implementing them, and part of that involves collecting data. What we’ve found is our bills work. They make communities safer. They save states money. They promote human dignity.”

    “I’m not really deep in the political world but we have always had Republicans and Democrats working with REFORM,” Meek noted. “I don’t know what the level of political change will be.”

    After the auction, The Weeknd floated on stage to perform some of his biggest hits, including “Starboy,” “The Hills” “Timeless” and more. Along the way, Abel took shots of whiskey, shouted out Quavo and kept the vibes light and celebratory for his 40-minute set. The night was then capped off by a high-stakes, closed-door Blackjack tournament at Ocean’s Gallery Bark Book & Games area. Hov, French Montana, Taylor Rooks, Tyrese Haliburton and guest Andrew Ramus all emerged as semi-finalists, with the latter winning the coveted $1 million prize. Along the way, Travis Scott, Ice Spice, Quavo, DJ Khaled and Chase B performed, before all the guests choppered off to the night’s afterparty.

    Overall, the high-energy event was a blockbuster success, raising over $20 million for criminal justice reform for the second time.

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  • Arthur Sze named as new US poet laureate | US news

    Arthur Sze named as new US poet laureate | US news

    At a time when its leadership is in question and its mission challenged, the Library of Congress has named a new US poet laureate: the much-honored author and translator Arthur Sze.

    The library announced on Monday that Sze, 74, had been appointed to a one-year term, starting this fall. The author of 12 poetry collections and recipient last year of a lifetime achievement award from the library, he succeeds Ada Limón, who had served for three years. Previous laureates also include Joy Harjo, Louise Glück and Billy Collins.

    Speaking during a recent Zoom interview with the Associated Press, Sze acknowledged some misgivings when Rob Casper, who heads the library’s poetry and literature center, called him in June about becoming the next laureate. He wondered about the level of responsibilities and worried about the upheaval since Donald Trump fired the librarian of Congress, Carla Hayden, in May. After thinking about it overnight, he called Casper back and happily accepted.

    “I think it was the opportunity to give something back to poetry, to something that I’ve spent my life doing,” he explained, speaking from his home in Santa Fe, New Mexico. “So many people have helped me along the way. Poetry has just helped me grow so much, in every way.”

    Sze’s new job begins during a tumultuous year for the library, a 200-year-old, non-partisan institution that holds a huge archive of books published in the US. Trump abruptly fired Hayden after conservative activists accused her of imposing a “woke” agenda, criticism that the president has expressed often as he seeks sweeping changes at the Kennedy Center, the Smithsonian museums and other cultural institutions.

    Hayden’s ouster was sharply criticized by congressional Democrats, leaders in the library and scholarly community and such former laureates as Limón and Harjo. It also led to a debate over who has the authority to decide on an interim replacement.

    Although the White House announced that it had named the deputy attorney general, Todd Blanche, as the acting librarian, daily operations are being run by a longtime official at the library, Robert Randolph Newlen. Events such as the annual National Book Festival have continued without interruption or revision.

    Laureates are forbidden to take political positions, although the tradition was breached in 2003 when Collins publicly stated his objections to President George W Bush’s push for war against Iraq.

    Newlen is identified in Monday’s announcement as acting librarian, a position he was in line for according to the institution’s guidelines. He praised Sze, whose influences range from ancient Chinese poets to Wallace Stevens, for his “distinctly American” portraits of south-west landscapes and for his “great formal innovation”.

    Sze’s official title is “Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry”, a 1985 renaming of a position established in 1937 as “Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress”. The mission is loosely defined as a kind of literary ambassador, to “raise the national consciousness to a greater appreciation of the reading and writing of poetry”. Initiatives have included Robert Pinsky’s Favorite Poem Project, for which the public would share thoughts on works of their choosing, and Limón’s You Are Here, which included poetry installations at national parks.

    Sze wants to focus on a passion going back more than a half-century to his undergraduate years at the University of California, Berkeley – translation. He remembers reading some English-language editions of Chinese poetry, finding the work “antiquated and dated” and deciding to translate some of it himself, writing out the Chinese characters and engaging with them “on a much deeper level” than he had expected. Besides his own poetry, he has published The Silk Dragon: Translations from the Chinese.

    “I personally learned my own craft of writing poetry through translating poetry,” the New York City-born son of Chinese immigrants said. “I often think that people think of poetry as intimidating, or difficult, which isn’t necessarily true. And I think one way to deepen the appreciation of poetry is to approach it through translation.”

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