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  • Map: Israel has attacked, intercepted all Gaza-bound flotillas since 2010 | Israel-Palestine conflict News

    Map: Israel has attacked, intercepted all Gaza-bound flotillas since 2010 | Israel-Palestine conflict News

    For a second night in a row, members of the Global Sumud Flotilla (GSF) say their ships have come under attack while docked in Tunisia.

    Late on Tuesday, the Alma, a British-flagged vessel, was hit while moored off the port of Sidi Bou Said, sparking a fire that was later contained. Nobody was injured.

    The remnants of the projectile used in Tuesday night’s attack on the Sumud Flotilla [Mauricio Morales/Al Jazeera]

    The incident follows Monday night’s strike on the flotilla’s main ship, the Family Boat, which also caught fire after being hit by a suspected drone in the same port.

    The Family Boat – a 23-metre (76ft) Portuguese-flagged vessel carrying the flotilla’s steering committee – had six people on board.

    Video from a nearby ship, verified by Al Jazeera, appeared to show an incendiary device falling onto the vessel before an explosion. Passenger Miguel Duarte told Middle East Eye he saw a drone hovering overhead just before the blast.

    The Tunisian National Guard dismissed claims of an attack as “completely unfounded”, attributing the Family Boat fire to a discarded cigarette. The GSF, however, accused Israel, saying the strike damaged the ship’s main deck and storage areas, though passengers managed to extinguish the blaze. All crew and activists were reported safe.

    Where is the Global Sumud Flotilla now?

    The Global Sumud Flotilla (GSF), a coalition of more than 50 boats seeking to challenge Israel’s blockade of Gaza, set sail on August 31, 2025, and arrived at Tunisia’s Sidi Bou Said port on September 7. It plans to continue its journey towards Gaza on Wednesday.

    The flotilla is carrying humanitarian aid and supplies, and its organisers say the mission is intended to draw international attention to the ongoing blockade.

    INTERACTIVE-Tracking-the-Global-Sumud-Flotilla-to-Gaza-map-light-September-9-morning

    Which countries do the flotilla delegates come from?

    According to the Global Sumud Flotilla, delegations from 44 countries have committed to sail to Gaza as part of the largest maritime mission to break Israel’s illegal siege.

    According to the group, participants are unaffiliated with any government or political party.

    Flotillas trying to break Israel’s siege of Gaza

    Several flotilla vessels have attempted to break Israel’s blockade of Gaza in the past.

    In 2008, two boats from the Free Gaza Movement successfully reached Gaza, marking the first break of Israel’s naval blockade. The movement, founded in 2006 by activists during Israel’s war on Lebanon, went on to launch 31 boats between 2008 and 2016, five of which reached Gaza, despite heavy Israeli restrictions.

    Since 2010, all flotillas attempting to break the Gaza blockade have been intercepted or attacked by Israel in international waters.

    The map below shows the approximate locations where prominent flotillas were stopped, some encountering deadly Israeli forces.

    INTERACTIVE_freedom_flotilla_PREVIOUS_September 10 _2025 copy 2-1757486722

    2010 – Gaza Freedom Flotilla

    In 2010, Israeli commandos raided the Mavi Marmara in international waters. The assault killed 10 activists and injured dozens, leading to global outrage. The ship was carrying humanitarian aid and more than 600 passengers.

    The Mavi Marmara was owned and run by the Humanitarian Relief Foundation, or IHH, a Turkish NGO. The incident severely strained Israel-Turkiye relations and drew widespread condemnation for violating international law.

    In 2013, Israel apologised for “operational mistakes” in the raid. A compensation deal is still being negotiated between the two countries. Israeli soldiers and officials who took part in the attack are being tried in absentia in Turkiye for war crimes.

    2011 – Freedom Flotilla II

    Freedom Flotilla II was launched in 2011 as a follow-up to the 2010 mission. Organised by a coalition of international activists and NGOs, it aimed to break Israel’s blockade on Gaza and deliver humanitarian aid. The flotilla involved more than 300 participants from around the world and was set to sail on 10 vessels.

    However, intense diplomatic pressure from Israel, coupled with reported sabotage of ships and restrictions by host countries like Greece, prevented most boats from departing.

    Only the Dignite-Al Karama came close to reaching Gaza. The 17-passenger French vessel initially declared an Egyptian port as its destination upon leaving Greek waters, but activists later announced they were heading for Gaza. Israeli naval commandos intercepted the boat and towed it to Ashdod. The activists were detained for questioning and later deported.

    2015 – Freedom Flotilla III

    Freedom Flotilla III was launched in 2015 as the third major attempt by international activists to break Israel’s naval blockade of Gaza. Organised by the Freedom Flotilla Coalition (FFC), the mission included several vessels, with the Swedish-flagged Marianne of Gothenburg leading the effort.

    On June 29, 2015, Israeli naval forces intercepted the Marianne about 100 nautical miles (185km) off the Gaza coast, in international waters. Commandos boarded the ship and diverted it to Ashdod. The activists on board were detained and later deported, with some crew members released after six days.

    Israeli interception of Third Gaza Freedom Flotilla
    Activists on board Thales of Miletus, a boat from the third Gaza Freedom Flotilla, sailing in the Mediterranean back to Greece after departing from the Israeli port of Ashdod, where the flotilla was forced to land by Israeli forces [File: Getty Images]

    2018 – Just Future for Palestine

    The Just Future for Palestine Flotilla – also known as the 2018 Gaza Freedom Flotilla – was part of a continued effort by the FFC to challenge Israel’s naval blockade of Gaza. The campaign included two main vessels, Al Awda (The Return) and Freedom, along with two support yachts, Mairead and Falestine.

    On July 29 and August 3, 2018, both Al Awda and Freedom were intercepted and seized by the Israeli navy in international waters. All on board were arrested, with some reporting being Tasered, assaulted, or beaten by Israeli forces.

    Most participants were held in detention before being deported to their respective countries.

    2025 – Break the Siege ‘Conscience’

    While preparing to sail to Gaza on May 2, the Conscience was struck twice by armed drones, just 14 nautical miles (26km) off the coast of Malta. The attack triggered a fire and caused a significant breach in the hull, forcing the 30 Turkish and Azeri activists on board into a desperate effort to bale out water and keep the ship afloat.

    Four people sustained minor injuries in the assault, including burns and lacerations.

    2025 – Madleen

    Despite the attack on the Conscience, the Madleen departed Sicily on June 1, carrying food and medicine. On July 7, the boat was intercepted by Israeli naval forces 100 nautical miles (185km) off Gaza in international waters. Twelve crew members were detained, including climate activist Greta Thunberg, MEP Rima Hassan, and Al Jazeera journalist Omar Faiad. The ship was towed to Ashdod, 30km (19 miles) north of Gaza, where the activists were held before being deported.

    INTERACTIVE-Freedom Flotilla ship Madleen intercepted June 9-1749471369

     

    2025 – Handala

    On July 27, 2025, the activist vessel Handala – named after the iconic Palestinian cartoon figure symbolising resistance – was seized by Israeli naval forces in international waters, approximately 50 nautical miles (90km) from Gaza.

    On board were 19 unarmed activists and journalists from various countries, including two French members of parliament and two Al Jazeera reporters. The FFC condemned the action as a violent interception in violation of international maritime law, emphasising the non-military nature of their mission and the intended aid delivery.

    INTERACTIVE-Freedom Flotilla ship Handala sails for Gaza - JULY 27, 2025 copy-1753599675

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  • Moon phase today explained: What the moon will look like on September 10, 2025

    Moon phase today explained: What the moon will look like on September 10, 2025

    Each evening, a little less of the Moon is visible, marking the natural progression toward the New Moon.

    The New Moon is a phase in the lunar cycle, a series of eight unique phases of the moon’s visibility. The whole cycle takes about 29.5 days, according to NASA, and these different phases happen as the Sun lights up different parts of the moon whilst it orbits Earth. 

    Let’s find out what’s happening with the moon tonight, Sept. 10.

    What is today’s moon phase?

    As of Wednesday, Sept. 10, the moon phase is Waning Gibbous, and it is 90% lit up to us on Earth, according to NASA’s Daily Moon Observation.

    The moon is becoming less visible each night, but for now, there’s still so much to spot on the surface, With just the naked eye, enjoy a glimpse of the Oceanus Procellarum, the Kepler Crater, and the Mare Serenitatis.

    If you have binoculars, you’ll also see the Grimaldi Basin, Gassendi Crater, and the Alps Mountains. Add a telescope to your line up and you’ll see the Schiller Crater, Apollo 11 landing spot, and Fra Mauro Highlands.

    When is the next full moon?

    The next full moon will be on Oct. 6. The last full moon was on Sept. 7.

    Mashable Light Speed

    What are moon phases?

    According to NASA, moon phases are caused by the 29.5-day cycle of the moon’s orbit, which changes the angles between the Sun, Moon, and Earth. Moon phases are how the moon looks from Earth as it goes around us. We always see the same side of the moon, but how much of it is lit up by the Sun changes depending on where it is in its orbit. This is how we get full moons, half moons, and moons that appear completely invisible. There are eight main moon phases, and they follow a repeating cycle:

    New Moon – The moon is between Earth and the sun, so the side we see is dark (in other words, it’s invisible to the eye).

    Waxing Crescent – A small sliver of light appears on the right side (Northern Hemisphere).

    First Quarter – Half of the moon is lit on the right side. It looks like a half-moon.

    Waxing Gibbous – More than half is lit up, but it’s not quite full yet.

    Full Moon – The whole face of the moon is illuminated and fully visible.

    Waning Gibbous – The moon starts losing light on the right side.

    Last Quarter (or Third Quarter) – Another half-moon, but now the left side is lit.

    Waning Crescent – A thin sliver of light remains on the left side before going dark again.

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  • Oil prices up after Israeli attacks, but oversupply caps gains – Reuters

    1. Oil prices up after Israeli attacks, but oversupply caps gains  Reuters
    2. Hamas claims leadership survived Israeli strike on Doha, as Trump says US tried to warn Qatar  BBC
    3. Live updates: Israel faces growing backlash over unprecedented Qatar strike  CNN
    4. Israel attacks Hamas leadership in Qatar: All to know  Al Jazeera
    5. Time for Muslim countries to unite against ‘rogue state’ Israel — Pakistan  trtworld.com

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  • WCH Tokyo 25 preview: men’s discus | News | Tokyo 25

    WCH Tokyo 25 preview: men’s discus | News | Tokyo 25

    • World record-holder Mykolas Alekna could follow in champion father’s footsteps
    • Daniel Stahl defends title after championship record-breaking win in Budapest
    • Kristjan Ceh and Matthew Denny on hunt for more medals

    Four of the top seven men’s discus throwers of all time will clash at the World Athletics Championships Tokyo 25.

    Mykolas Alekna, who improved his own world record to 75.56m in Ramona, is on the hunt for his first senior global title, Daniel Stahl defends the crown after his championship record-breaking win in Budapest, and major medallists Kristjan Ceh and Matthew Denny seek further podium places.

    In a year of record depth, 11 men have surpassed 70 metres and nine of those athletes will be in Tokyo.

    The list is topped by that 75.56m throw – a mark, achieved by Lithuania’s Alekna in April, that added more than a metre to his own world record. The Olympic silver medallist has thrown beyond 70 metres in five competitions since – including 72.15m on home soil last month – and he won the Diamond League title in his final competition before Tokyo.

    Should he find that sort of form in the Japanese capital and improve on his world silver from 2022 and world bronze from 2023, Alekna would follow in the footsteps of his father Virgilijus, who won two world titles in 2003 and 2005.

    Martynas Alekna – the older brother of Mykolas – will also be competing, and they will be joined on the Lithuanian team by Andrius Gudzius, the 2017 world champion.

    Second on both this season’s top list and the world all-time list is Denny, who aims to become Australia’s first men’s world discus medallist. The Olympic bronze medallist surpassed Alekna’s previous world record mark when finishing second to the Lithuanian athlete in Ramona, throwing 74.78m, and he recorded 70.52m when finishing runner-up to Slovenia’s 2022 world champion Ceh in Turku in June.

    Ceh has achieved the best throw of the year outside of Ramona, setting a national record of 72.36m on home soil in May to strengthen his position at sixth on the world all-time list. That was the third competition within a week in which the 26-year-old surpassed 72 metres. Ceh has finished in the top three in all of his 17 competitions this year, including a win in the Diamond League meeting in Stockholm and a runner-up finish to Alekna in the Diamond League Final.

    He secured silver behind Stahl at the last edition of the World Championships in Budapest – the first major championship discus final in which two athletes had surpassed 70 metres.

    Sweden’s Stahl, who won the Olympic title in Tokyo in 2021, added his world title win in Budapest to his world gold from Doha in 2019. This year he has thrown a best of 70.19m and his results include top three finishes at the Diamond League meetings in Doha, Stockholm and Oregon.

    Like Alekna and Denny, Jamaica’s Ralford Mullings, USA’s Sam Mattis and Great Britain’s Lawrence Okoye also moved up the all-time list with their performances in Ramona, as they threw 72.01m, 71.27m and 70.76m, respectively. They sit fourth, fifth and sixth on the entry list.

    Mullings won the Diamond League meeting in Brussels and was second in Eugene, and he is joined on the Jamaican team by Fedrick Dacres who beat Mattis to the NACAC title last month. Their Jamaican compatriot Roje Stona, who won the Olympic title last year in Paris, has opted not to compete in Tokyo.

    Jess Whittington for World Athletics

     

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  • Book Review: ‘Boy From the North Country,’ by Sam Sussman – The New York Times

    1. Book Review: ‘Boy From the North Country,’ by Sam Sussman  The New York Times
    2. Is That Bob Dylan in the Mirror?  The New York Times
    3. Bob Dylan ‘love child’ shock as author sparks speculation in new book  Daily Mail
    4. Bob Dylan’s ‘secret love child’ speaks out on claims in new book  The Mirror US
    5. New York man weighs into claims he is Bob Dylan’s ‘secret son’ in new book  Irish Star

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  • Star Devours Twin at Unprecedented Rate

    Star Devours Twin at Unprecedented Rate

    Double star V Sagittae – some 10,000 light years from earth – is burning bright because greedy white dwarf is gorging on its larger twin

    A greedy white dwarf star not far from Earth is devouring its closest celestial companion at a rate never seen before, space scientists have discovered.

    Their study found the double star, named V Sagittae, is burning unusually bright as the super-dense white dwarf is gorging on its larger twin in a feeding frenzy.

    Experts think the stars are locked in an extraterrestrial tango as they orbit each other every 12.3 hours, gradually pulling each other closer.

    They say it could cause a massive explosion so bright it would be seen by the naked eye from Earth, some 10,000 lightyears away.

    The findings were made by an international team of astronomers involving Professor Phil Charles from University of Southampton, led by Dr Pasi Hakala from the University of Turku in Finland with Dr Pablo Rodríguez Gil from the Spanish Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias and University of La Laguna.

    Southampton’s Professor Charles said their results crack a mystery about the star pair which has perplexed astronomers for a century.

    He added: “V Sagittae is no ordinary star system – it’s the brightest of its kind and has baffled experts since it was first discovered in 1902.

    “Our study shows that this extreme brightness is down to the white dwarf sucking the life out of its companion star, using the accreted matter to turn it into a blazing inferno.

    “It’s a process so intense that it’s going thermonuclear on the white dwarf’s surface, shining like a beacon in the night sky.”

    The new study was published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society .

    Researchers captured the cosmic carnage using the powerful European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope in Chile – and made another discovery.

    They found a ring of gas, like a giant halo, is encircling both stars, a consequence of the huge amounts of energy being generated by the hungry white dwarf.

    This unexpected ring, formed from the debris of the messy feast, gives us a clue that could change what we know about how stars live and die, said lead author Dr Pasi Hakala from the University of Turku.

    He added: “The white dwarf cannot consume all the mass being transferred from its hot star twin, so it creates this bright cosmic ring.

    “The speed at which this doomed stellar system is lurching wildly, likely due to the extreme brightness, is a frantic sign of its imminent, violent end.”

    Dr Rodríguez-Gil from Spain’s Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias added: “The matter accumulating on the white dwarf is likely to produce a nova outburst in the coming years, during which V Sagittae would become visible with the naked eye.

    “But when the two stars finally smash into each other and explode, this would be a supernova explosion so bright it’ll be visible from Earth even in the daytime.”

    Read the study at doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2507.22637 .

    /Public Release. This material from the originating organization/author(s) might be of the point-in-time nature, and edited for clarity, style and length. Mirage.News does not take institutional positions or sides, and all views, positions, and conclusions expressed herein are solely those of the author(s).View in full here.

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  • These Newly Discovered Deep-Sea Snailfish Just Became Our Latest Obsession

    These Newly Discovered Deep-Sea Snailfish Just Became Our Latest Obsession

    The deep sea is home to some of the weirdest creatures on Earth, from ghostly elder fish to carnivorous harp sponges. Sometimes, scientists discover more humble creatures that are so tiny that they go unnoticed until new technology brings them into view.

    Such efforts rarely disappoint. Using an underwater robot camera, researchers discovered three new species of deep-sea snailfish: one bumpy, one dark, and one sleek. In a new paper published in Ichthyology and Herpetology, researchers explain how CT scans and DNA sequencing revealed that the three fish had features unlike any other known species, confirming their novelty.

    “Our discovery of not one, but three, new species of snailfishes is a reminder of how much we have yet to learn about life on Earth and of the power of curiosity and exploration,” Mackenzie Gerringer, study lead author and a marine scientist at SUNY Geneseo, said in a statement.

    Some complimentary snailfish trivia

    Snailfish are charming yet funky creatures. Although features vary among the 400 known species, they’re typically small, tadpole-shaped, and sport large, jelly-like heads. A disk on their belly allows them to either stick to the seafloor or “hitchhike on larger animals,” according to the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI).

    “They come in beautiful colors,” Johanna Weston, an ecologist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution not involved in the new work, told the New York Times. “They also have a lovely little smile on their face.”

    Snailfish that live in shallow waters will curl up against rocks or seaweed like snails, like their namesake. Snailfish in deep-sea trenches, on the other hand, are trickier to find, although a snailfish holds the record for the deepest-dwelling fish.

    Meet the new snailfish

    All three species were first discovered in 2019 over two expeditions off the coast of Central California. MBARI’s underwater robot explorer found the bumpy snailfish swimming at a depth of 10,722 feet (3,268 meters). The dark and sleek snailfish, on the other hand, swam even deeper, at about 13,451 feet (4,100 meters). The robot captured one of each species, carefully bringing them back to the lab for analysis.

    At the lab, scientists conducted CT scans of the snailfish to study its physical features. Credit: MBARI/Steven Haddock/Mackenzie Gerringer

    The bumpy snailfish (Careproctus colliculi) is pink and round but bumpy all around, whereas the dark snailfish (Careproctus yanceyi) is fully black with a round head and horizontal mouth. Unlike these two, the sleek snailfish (Paraliparis em) has a long, “laterally compressed body” and an angled jaw.

    Scientists aren’t sure yet how common these species are, but so far it appears that the bumpy snailfish may be the rarest. This particular encounter with the bumpy snailfish is the only confirmed observation of the species, the researchers said. The intention is to continue searching for more to understand these species’ geographic distribution. Hopefully, this won’t be the last time we meet these creatures.

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  • Baker McKenzie Adds Highly Regarded Cyber and National Security Lawyer Sumon Dantiki in Washington, DC | Newsroom

    Baker McKenzie Adds Highly Regarded Cyber and National Security Lawyer Sumon Dantiki in Washington, DC | Newsroom

    Leading global law firm Baker McKenzie announced today that former US Department of Justice official Sumon Dantiki has joined the Firm’s Washington, DC office as a partner in its Litigation and Government Enforcement Practice and co-chair of the National Security Practice. Sumon is a distinguished cyber, national security, and investigations lawyer with deep experience with matters at the intersection of technology, security and legal risk. 

    A leading global cybersecurity practitioner, Sumon’s practice focuses on sensitive, multi-dimensional investigations, disputes and counseling, especially ones with cybersecurity, national security, and cross-border aspects. Sumon helps multinational clients prevent and address critical risks to their business interests, including data breaches, insider threats, transactional and compliance risks, ransomware attacks, whistleblower complaints, and complex fraud.
     
    Sumon previously served as the cyber advisor to the Director of the US Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), where he counseled FBI leaders on sophisticated nation-state, cyber, insider, and espionage threats facing the US. This included assisting the Director of the FBI in oversight of intelligence and criminal investigations as well as working with the National Security Council and other intelligence, law enforcement, and security agencies in responding to data breaches, insider threats, economic espionage, foreign investment risks, ransomware attacks, and other major criminal and security threats. Sumon helped oversee responses to congressional committees, including preparing the Director for over 20 appearances before House and Senate committees, the Inspector-General’s office, and other oversight bodies. 

    Sumon also served as trial attorney with the US Department of Justice’s Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section and as a Special Assistant US Attorney for the District of Maryland. 
     
    “As national security related matters, particularly global cyber threats, escalate in complexity and scale, clients are looking for trusted advisors who can navigate both the technical and geopolitical dimensions of risk,” said Widge Devaney, Americas Chair of Baker McKenzie’s Dispute Resolution Practice. “Sumon’s deep experience across the DOJ, the FBI, and private practice positions him perfectly to help clients anticipate, respond to, and mitigate these challenges across jurisdictions. We are thrilled to add him to our team.” 

    Sumon will serve as Co-Chair of Baker McKenzie’s National Security Practice. He joins Baker McKenzie from private practice, following the arrival of former US Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein, who also serves as Co-Chair of the practice.  

    Added Colin Murray, Baker McKenzie’s Americas Chief Executive Officer, “Sumon’s impeccable reputation and credentials speak for themselves – he is an outstanding addition to our team. Now more than ever companies need integrated guidance across borders to protect their business against emerging threats. Sumon is the trusted advisor who brings nuanced advice and a global view so our clients can navigate these growing risks.” 

    “Sumon is one of Washington’s most respected voices in cybersecurity and national security concerns,” said Maurice Bellan, Managing Partner of Baker McKenzie’s Washington, DC office. “He joins our growing team of former senior-level government lawyers advising our clients across a range of risks in an increasingly tense business and geopolitical environment.” 

    Baker McKenzie’s National Security Practice offers comprehensive legal services to clients in all industries to address the panoply of legal risks related to US government oversight, enforcement, and national security concerns. The team provides strategic advice, counseling, and representation on a broad range of enforcement, investigation, regulatory, and compliance matters, including FCPA, Anti-Money Laundering, sanctions and export control, customs and import compliance, CFIUS and foreign investment, cybersecurity and data privacy, as well as crisis management and reputational risk. 

    Sumon is the latest former senior government official to join Baker McKenzie in Washington, DC. In addition to Rod Rosenstein, the Firm has added former DOJ trial lawyer Tim Finley, former US Treasury official Scott Levine, and former Internal Revenue Service advisor Donna McComber. 

    Baker McKenzie’s Litigation and Government Enforcement Practice is the North American component of the firm’s worldwide Dispute Resolutions Practice, one of the most recognized and largest globally, with more than 1,000 disputes lawyers across its more than 70 locations. The team is comprised of battle-tested, globally minded litigators with deep roots in their home jurisdictions. Consistently top-ranked by leading market reviews, the firm frequently handles cases involving novel and precedent-setting issues in countries around the world. 

    Sumon commented, “Multinational companies are increasingly looking for integrated, global cybersecurity counseling as well as assistance with investigations that cross multiple jurisdictions and a variety of regulatory and investigative authorities. Baker McKenzie offers an unmatched global platform to serve clients fully in addressing sensitive and sophisticated security and enforcement risks. I’m excited about joining the team.” 

    About Sumon Dantiki  

    Sumon received his BA from the University of Michigan, where he graduated Phi Beta Kappa and was a Dean’s Merit Scholar. He received his JD from Yale Law School, where he was the winner of the Potter Stewart Prize. He clerked for the US District Court for the Southern District of New York and the US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. He is licensed to practice in Illinois and Washington, DC.  

    Sumon has been recognized as a leading global cyber practitioner, including by the Financial Times in its 2023 Innovative Lawyers report. A respected authority on cyber and national security topics, Sumon is often quoted in top-tier business and legal press on a range of cybersecurity topics including cyberattacks, encryption, espionage and ransomware attacks.

     

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  • Jump in US greenhouse gas pollution pushed global emissions higher – report | Climate crisis

    Jump in US greenhouse gas pollution pushed global emissions higher – report | Climate crisis

    A jump in greenhouse gas pollution in the US helped push global emissions higher in the first half of this year. This could be an omen of what’s to come, with Donald Trump’s pro-fossil fuel agenda set to significantly slow down the emissions cuts required to avoid disastrous climate impacts, a new forecast has found.

    The “most abrupt shift in energy and climate policy in recent memory” that has occurred since Trump re-entered the White House will have profound consequences for the global climate crisis by slowing the pace of US emissions cuts by as much as half the rate achieved over the past two decades, the Rhodium Group forecast states.

    The US is still expected to reduce its planet-heat emissions by between 26% and 35% by 2035 compared with 2005 levels, according to the report. But this is well down from a 38% to 56% reduction by 2035, which Rhodium forecast just last year during Joe Biden’s presidency.

    None of these scenarios will be sufficient to allow the US, the world’s largest historic emitter of carbon pollution, to play its full part in helping the world avert a worsening climate breakdown coming from 2C (3.6F) or more in global heating.

    Chart of the projected US emissions under various scenarios falling short of the reduction targets set in the US Paris agreement

    The US and other governments agreed a decade ago in Paris to avoid this threshold but are badly off-track in required emissions reductions, ahead of a key UN climate meeting in Brazil in November to thrash out new targets.

    Even under the best-case scenario, whereby fossil fuels become much more expensive and cheap renewable energy is swiftly deployed, the US will cut its emissions by just 43% by 2040, Rhodium found – well below Biden’s own pledged target, since jettisoned by Trump.

    In the worst case, in which clean energy is severely constrained by economic and political factors, US emissions could even tick up slightly at the end of 2030s, the report states.

    “That is very different to where we were before; it’s more than halving the pace of decarbonization we’ve had over the last two decades,” said Ben King, a director at Rhodium.

    “The US was already off-track in meeting its contribution to emissions cuts and this is now a fairly big step in the wrong direction. The emissions trajectory is now a lot worse because of this policy whiplash.”

    Under Trump’s “drill, baby, drill” agenda, the federal government has thrown open vast areas of land and waters to drilling and mining, ditched the Paris targets and shredded almost all regulations that aim to limit greenhouse gas pollution and the emissions of other air toxins that harm people’s health.

    Trump has sought to hobble the clean energy sector in the US, signing a Republican spending bill that kills off incentives for new solar, wind and battery projects and instructing his administration to halt new renewables facilities, even if they were previously approved and nearly completed.

    “We don’t allow windmills and we don’t want the solar panels,” the president said recently. Trump, who has a longstanding animus towards wind after objecting to viewing “ugly” wind turbines from his Scottish golf course, has conversely praised “beautiful clean coal” and encouraged fossil fuel producers to bypass pollution rules.

    This stance towards renewables, despite the administration demanding more supply to meet growing electricity demand, has already had a tangible impact. Offshore wind farms have been halted, while plans for a battery factory in North Carolina have been canceled and a plant in Michigan has recently been closed.

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    In all, nearly 65,000 clean energy jobs have been lost or stalled since Trump’s election, according to the Climate Power group, with household power bills rising as a result of the cuts to cheaper renewables.

    “Unfortunately, federal policy obstacles and restrictive mandates are threatening hundreds of billions in planned energy investment,” said Jason Grumet, chief executive of the American Clean Power Association, which last week reported solar installations had plummeted by a quarter in the first half of 2025.

    “The uncertainty created by new bureaucratic delays and unclear demands is having a chilling effect on the pipeline for future energy projects, stalling growth precisely when our nation needs more energy to power a growing economy.”

    The emissions impact of all of this will become obvious over the next couple of years, Rhodium’s King said. A preview of this can be seen in the first six months of the year, during which US emissions rose by 1.4% compared with the same period last year, according to Climate Trace.

    This bump in emissions, aided by a similar rise in Brazil, ensured that global emissions were slightly higher than the first half of 2024, a stark sign of the task ahead for governments in tackling the climate crisis without the leadership of the US, the world’s second largest emitter.

    “We won’t see the impacts of the Trump administration in the emissions data for a couple of years, I think,” said King.

    “But we are already seeing a slowdown in renewables installations and, to be honest, even a flatlining of emissions is a pretty bad indicator of the trajectory we need to be on.”

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  • Healthier diets and diverse oral microbiomes lower frailty risk

    Healthier diets and diverse oral microbiomes lower frailty risk

    Researchers reveal that the combination of a nutrient-rich diet and diverse oral microbes may hold the key to reducing frailty, offering a new path to healthier aging.

    Study: Diet-microbiome synergy: unraveling the combined impact on frailty through interactions and mediation. Image credit: PeopleImages/Shutterstock.com

    A new study published in Nutrition Journal reports that U.S. adults with a high-quality diet and greater oral microbiome diversity are less likely to exhibit frailty, a clinical state associated with physical disability and poor health outcomes.  

    Background

    Recent advancements in medical science have significantly increased human lifespan. However, this progress is accompanied by a growing prevalence of frailty, a multifactorial clinical condition characterized by reduced functioning of multiple organ systems in the body. The condition primarily affects older adults and increases their vulnerability to adverse health outcomes, including falls, hospitalization, disability, and even death.  

    The human microbiome, the entire community of microorganisms that live in the human body, plays a crucial role in health and disease. The gut and oral cavity harbor the largest and second-largest microbial communities in the human body, respectively.

    The oral microbiome influences systemic health via inflammatory and metabolic pathways. It has been linked to oral diseases and systemic health conditions, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and certain cancers.

    Diet plays a significant role in shaping oral microbiota dynamics. A high-quality diet has been found to improve microbiota diversity and composition. Recent evidence suggests that changes in dietary patterns can lead to marked alterations in oral microbiome composition. The oral microbiome can regulate host dietary preferences by influencing their taste thresholds for sweet, sour, salty, and bitter flavors.

    Given the potential interaction between diet and oral microbiome and its impact on human health, researchers at The First Hospital of China Medical University aimed to investigate how diet quality and oral microbiome diversity, either individually or in combination, influence the likelihood of frailty in adults residing in the United States.   

    Study design

    The study included 6,283 adult individuals from the 2009–2010 and 2011–2012 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which is an ongoing survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to assess the health and nutritional status of the U.S. general population.

    Participants’ frailty index scores were calculated, with higher scores representing greater frailty. Dietary intake was assessed using two 24-hour dietary recalls. Four dietary indices based on dietary intake data were calculated to assess diet quality.

    The oral microbiome diversity representing community richness and evenness was assessed using α-diversity indices that measure within-subject microbial diversity.

    Appropriate statistical analyses were conducted to determine the individual and combined effects of oral microbiome diversity and diet quality on the frailty index. A mediation analysis was also carried out to explore oral microbiome diversity as a mediator between diet quality and the frailty index.

    Key findings

    The study analysis revealed that participants with the highest level of oral microbiome diversity were associated with significantly lower frailty scores than those with the lowest. Similarly, a lower likelihood of frailty was observed among participants consuming the highest quality diet.

    Among the four dietary indices analyzed in the study, the dietary inflammatory index was significantly associated with the frailty index. Participants with the highest dietary inflammatory index scores exhibited a higher risk of frailty than those with the lowest scores.  

    Regarding the combined impact, the study found a significant interaction between oral microbiome diversity and dietary inflammatory index concerning frailty risk reduction. Participants with the highest microbial diversity and the lowest dietary inflammatory index scores exhibited a significantly lower likelihood of frailty.

    The mediation analysis revealed that oral microbiome diversity partially mediates the relationship between diet quality and frailty risk.

    Study significance

    The study reveals that adult individuals with a higher-quality diet and greater oral microbiome diversity are associated with a significantly lower risk of developing frailty. Notably, the study finds that the interaction between the dietary inflammatory index and the oral microbiota diversity exerts a particularly substantial influence on frailty risk.

    A high-quality, healthy diet typically includes higher intakes of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and lower intakes of ultra-processed foods. These typically represent higher intakes of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nutrients and lower intakes of pro-inflammatory nutrients.

    The dietary inflammatory index, which showed the most significant interaction with oral microbiome diversity in relation to frailty risk reduction, is primarily used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory properties of a diet, and this index is closely associated with systemic inflammation in the body.

    Chronic low-grade inflammation is a significant factor in frailty, which can lead to metabolic and endocrine disruption, muscle protein degradation, and nutritional imbalance. All these factors can potentially increase the risk of frailty. Furthermore, a state of frailty itself can increase the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and disrupt anti-inflammatory pathways. These interactions may help explain the observed associations between dietary inflammatory index, oral microbiome diversity, and frailty.

    Unhealthy dietary patterns characterized by high intakes of refined and processed foods impair oral microbiome composition and diversity by increasing the abundance of acid-producing and acid-tolerant microorganisms. This shift can promote a more acidic environment within the oral cavity, leading to increased growth of harmful microorganisms and heightened inflammatory responses.

    These interactions between diet quality and oral microbiome can collectively increase the risk of frailty by triggering inflammation and impairing immune response. This justifies the observed mediating effect of oral microbiome diversity on the association between dietary inflammatory index and frailty.

    Overall, the study findings suggest that enhancing diet quality and promoting oral microbiome diversity represent potential avenues for strategies aimed at reducing frailty risk, though further longitudinal research is needed to confirm causality.

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