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  • Summer Game Fest ends when I say so

    Summer Game Fest ends when I say so

    Welcome to Video Games Weekly on Engadget. Expect a new story every Monday or Tuesday, broken into two parts. The first is a space for short essays and ramblings about video game trends and related topics from me, Jess Conditt, a reporter who’s covered the industry for more than 13 years. The second contains the video game stories from the past week that you need to know about, including some headlines from outside of Engadget.

    Please enjoy — and I’ll see you next week.


    June has passed me by in a haze of air travel, mild illness, protests and Pride, and it’s now officially time to close the book on Summer Game Fest 2025. around this year’s show and they’re all worth a read, but before moving on for good, I wanted to highlight a final batch of games that I can’t stop thinking about. This week, I present three mini previews straight out of SGF 2025 — and only two of them are horror games, which is a stupendous display of growth on my part.

    Crisol: Theater of Idols wasn’t on my radar until I sat down and played it at the Blumhouse booth, but now it’s pinging loud and clear, as if the booms were emanating directly from the blood-soaked bowels of Hell. It’s a first-person survival-horror action game set in a demented version of Spain that’s filled with monsters of modern folklore. Murderous marionettes and giant, ornately adorned skeletons hunt you through dark streets and towering gothic buildings, lamplight glinting off of every gross 3D detail. The whole demo felt like getting lost in a terrifying, nightmarish carnival, and I enjoyed every bit of it.

    In Crisol, blood is your source of ammunition, and you drain the corpses of humans and chickens to refuel your health bar as well as your guns. Crisol is tense and gorgeous, reminiscent of Dishonored or Resident Evil Village, and enemies are both robust and tricky to evade. Crisol is the debut game from independent Spanish team Vermila Studios, which received an for the project in 2020. It’s being published by Blumhouse and is due out this year on , PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S.

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    There’s something deeply wrong in Ashenridge, the idyllic rural village where Grave Seasons is set. At first glance, Grave Seasons is a cute, narrative-based farming sim with detailed pixel art, juicy romance options and layers of home-maintenance mechanics. You spend time planting, watering, harvesting, crafting items, picking up trash and chatting with villagers — and then you dig up a severed hand. Pilar, your flirty neighbor who runs the tailor shop down the road, says something ominous about the fate of your house’s previous owner. The vibe shifts; the shadows start to look sinister. Night falls and the real horror is unleashed, sudden, violent and all the more shocking in such a peaceful setting. A supernatural serial killer is on the loose in Ashenridge and, in between planting crops, it’s up to you to investigate (and maybe date) the murderer.

    Grave Seasons is a game that will live or die by its tone, and so far, developer Perfect Garbage has absolutely nailed the vibe of nefarious, creeping dread. Ashenridge is a beautiful little town with tons of people to meet and activities to complete, and the character avatars are sexy, sweet and super intriguing. A paranormal murder investigation is simply the cherry on top of a competent farming and dating sim, and I’m eager to take a bite out of the full game. At SGF 2025, developers said the complete Grave Seasons experience should take about 20 hours. Grave Seasons is being published by Blumhouse, and it’s scheduled to hit and consoles in 2026.

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    Escape Academy is of the past five years and I am inordinately stoked for the sequel, which turns the school into an open world of puzzles, riddles and cringey puns. With Escape Academy 2: Back 2 School, developer Coin Crew is going all-in on the student roleplaying vibe, and the entire campus is littered with mysteries. It’s also playable as a split-screen, couch co-op experience, which is one of the series’ greatest strengths. Frantically screaming solutions at your friend just feels better in person than over a Discord call, you know?

    I played the original Escape Academy with a local partner, so that’s how I tried out the sequel at SGF 2025. I dragged Engadget EIC Aaron Souppouris to the iam8bit booth and we dove in, starting in a classroom covered in sneaky environmental clues. In Escape Academy 2, the assignment is simple — get out — but the execution is complex, and we were soon throwing out names, dates and math problems, trying to solve a series of tricky, interconnected puzzles and leave the room. After getting just one hint from the developers, we made our way to the hallway, which was lined with locker-based riddles, and eventually reached the headmaster’s office, which was a contained playground of puzzle gaming. We had to use a pen and piece of paper to keep track of a few sections, and overall, our interactions felt fresh. Coin Crew isn’t just rolling out the same problems with different solutions for the sequel, and the new riddles were clever, innovative and super satisfying. (The same can’t be said about all of the puns, but that’s part of the charm.)

    Escape Academy 2: Back 2 School features both local and online co-op, so you’ll be free to yell at your friends in whichever format you prefer. Coin Crew is still working on the game and there’s no release date yet, but it’s available now to .

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    The only thing worse than not disclosing AI use in the creation of a video game is not disclosing it and then deploying it so sloppily that players immediately notice. Indie developer and publisher 11 Bit Studios learned this lesson firsthand with The Alters, a futuristic base-building game starring an astronaut and his alternate-reality clones. Within a week of the game’s release on June 13, posts started and showing AI-generated text in the game, across multiple languages. On June 30, 11 Bit released a statement confirming its use of AI in developing The Alters, saying it was utilized only in background text and to help with last-minute localization efforts. “No matter what we decided, we should have simply let you know,” the studio wrote.

    I’d really love to stop writing headlines like this. Microsoft is preparing to lay off a large number of Xbox employees this week, as part of a planned 3 percent reduction in staff across the company. That’s a loss of roughly 7,000 jobs in total, and according to , Xbox leaders are expecting “substantial cuts across the entire group.” The firings follow a round of at Xbox in January 2024, another , and last year’s of Arkane Austin, Alpha Dog Games and Tango Gameworks (the latter of which lives on under Krafton). Meanwhile, Microsoft reported a net revenue of $25.8 billion in the first three months of 2025, with an 8 percent yearly increase in revenue from Xbox content and services. Congrats?

    Netflix started beefing up its video games division around 2021, with the Night School and the rollout of an in-app gaming library offering popular mobile titles at no extra charge to subscribers. Netflix currently supports more than 100 games, including Death’s Door, Hades, The Case of the Golden Idol, The Rise of the Golden Idol, Braid Anniversary Edition, Katana ZERO and the Monument Valley series — but these are disappearing in July. A total of 22 games will be deleted from Netflix at various times in July, and the culling follows similar cutbacks in the company’s interactive division, including the recent closure of an .

    Because we know you’re going to get something — what are you picking up at the Steam Summer Sale this year? Share your spoils in the comments! If you’re overwhelmed, allow me to humbly suggest , , or .

    On a related note, don’t forget to check out (the nearly complete) Playdate Season 2.

    … but it’s definitely not any more. Resident Evil: Requiem producer Masachika Kawata and director Koshi Nakanishi clarified that their new game is an offline single-player experience, but they said that early in development, the team seriously considered making it online and open-world. This experimentation fueled rumors about Requiem introducing a new direction for the Resident Evil franchise, but it turns out the final product will be a with the ability to swap between first- and third-person views. Spooooky.

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  • Still Want a Nintendo Switch 2? Best Buy Will Have Them In Stores on July 1 – PCMag

    1. Still Want a Nintendo Switch 2? Best Buy Will Have Them In Stores on July 1  PCMag
    2. Nintendo Switch 2 restocks — live updates and retailers to check now  Tom’s Guide
    3. 9to5Toys News Weekly recap – Upcoming Switch 2 restock, new Resident Evil Requiem details, Prime Day details, more  9to5Toys
    4. Nintendo Switch 2 Console Bundles Are In Stock Tonight (June 25)  GameSpot
    5. The Switch 2 is coming to Walmart tonight at 9PM ET — but there’s a catch  Engadget

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  • How a glucose monitor can help tame blood sugar spikes and crashes

    ARI SHAPIRO, HOST:

    Have you ever noticed a few hours after a meal, you start to feel a bit moody, less alert, maybe anxious or even angry? If so, you’re not alone. Scientists have been studying this phenomenon in a lot of people. As Michaeleen Doucleff explains, the fix involves learning how to tame your blood sugar.

    MICHAELEEN DOUCLEFF, BYLINE: At age 76, Judy Freeman is in great health. She’s a well-known potter in Alpine, Texas. She doesn’t have diabetes or heart disease. She’s not overweight, and she’s super active.

    JUDY FREEMAN: I work maybe 20 hours a week out in the studio, and I try to walk at least four or five times a week.

    DOUCLEFF: But in the past year or so, Freeman hasn’t felt like herself. She’s been more tired, and she’d like to shed a few extra pounds. So today, Freeman decided to try a new strategy. She’s going to wear a continuous glucose monitor for a few weeks.

    FREEMAN: Arrow points up, glucose is rising.

    DOUCLEFF: The monitor estimates your blood sugar every few minutes and sends the value to your phone, so you can keep track of your blood sugar throughout the day and see how various foods affect it.

    FREEMAN: I’m interested in finding out how the glucose levels might affect my ability to lose weight and just how it affects my overall energy level.

    DOUCLEFF: She’s ready to insert the device. It contains a needle that goes into your skin.

    OK, you ready? One, two, three.

    (SOUNDBITE OF GLUCOSE MONITOR CLICKING)

    DOUCLEFF: Did it hurt?

    FREEMAN: I didn’t feel a thing – just a little pressure.

    DOUCLEFF: Today, anyone can go online and buy a continuous glucose monitor. It costs about $50 and lasts a couple of weeks. Studies have shown that these devices really help people with diabetes, but they’re still trying to figure out if they can help people without diabetes, like Freeman.

    Sarah Berry is one scientist leading this effort. She’s a nutritionist at King’s College London and chief scientist at the company Zoe, which sells nutrition plans that use these monitors. She and her colleagues have analyzed data from thousands of people wearing glucose monitors. What they found is that many people are what she calls…

    SARAH BERRY: Dippers.

    DOUCLEFF: That’s right – dippers. Basically, after eating carbohydrates, their blood sugar rises quickly, and then about two hours later, dips low – way low.

    BERRY: So you’ll have this big increase followed by this big crash.

    DOUCLEFF: In one study, Berry and her colleagues showed that these dips can trigger people to overeat.

    BERRY: If you are a dipper, those people feel more hungry more quickly. They tend to, on average, eat 80 calories more at their next meal and 320 calories more over a whole day.

    DOUCLEFF: Berry and her team published their findings in the journal Nature Metabolism. They also found that dips correlate with moodiness and fatigue, which brings us back to Judy Freeman in Alpine, Texas. The first day she wore the monitor, guess what her blood sugar did a few hours after lunch?

    FREEMAN: Sure enough, it had shot up at some point, and then it plummeted down to the lowest point.

    DOUCLEFF: Freeman had a huge dip, and during it, she felt anxious – even depressed.

    FREEMAN: It’s a sinking feeling, like, if I don’t get up, I’m just going to stop breathing and die. It was so overpowering.

    DOUCLEFF: She says she’s had this feeling from time to time, but she never connected it to what she ate. So how can Freeman keep these dips from occurring? Dalia Perelman is a research dietitian at Stanford University. She says, No. 1 – avoid meals and snacks that consist mostly of carbohydrates.

    DALIA PERELMAN: Don’t eat naked carbs. Eat them with some proteins, some healthy fats.

    DOUCLEFF: And with more fiber. So for example, add beans to breakfast, canned fish and nuts to lunch, lentils and seeds to dinner.

    No. 2 – don’t eat all your carbs for the day at one meal. Sprinkle them across several meals.

    PERELMAN: It doesn’t matter at the end of the day how many carbs you ate. It matters at the end of the meal.

    DOUCLEFF: Finally, nutritionist Karen Kennedy says, at meals, eat the protein and fat first – carbs last.

    KAREN KENNEDY: Let’s say you have a steak and a salad and a baked potato. If you were to eat the salad and the steak first, then you will see that you don’t have as much of a spike or as much of a drop afterwards.

    DOUCLEFF: And here’s the great part. You don’t need to buy a glucose monitor to figure this out. Simply pay attention to how you feel about two hours after a meal. If you get moody, anxious or super hungry, you’re probably a dipper.

    For NPR News, I’m Michaeleen Doucleff.

    (SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC) Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.

    NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record.


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  • IT minister avoids PTCL-Telenor merger comments

    IT minister avoids PTCL-Telenor merger comments


    ISLAMABAD:

    Federal Minister for IT and Telecommunication Shaza Fatima Khawaja on Monday declined to comment on the PTCL-Telenor merger deal, currently under review by the Competition Commission of Pakistan (CCP). She said the matter was being handled by the CCP, and she could not comment on it.

    She further stated that telecom companies had refused to provide free public Wi-Fi for the entire city of Islamabad but added that free connectivity would be made available at selected public locations. Addressing the media after a Senate Standing Committee on IT & Telecommunication meeting, the minister announced that Islamabad would be transformed into a model digitally smart city.

    She said Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif had directed officials to accelerate this transformation. The goal is to improve education, healthcare, and connectivity through an integrated digital strategy. The minister said the IT ministry has already funded fibre connectivity for all public schools, basic health units (BHUs), and healthcare facilities in the capital. Within six to eight months, all schools, hospitals, and police stations in Islamabad will be connected to high-speed internet.

    She added that free public Wi-Fi would be installed at select spots, with ongoing efforts through public-private partnerships to expand internet access to metro buses and other public areas.

    Khawaja noted the Ministry of Education’s support for these efforts and said the government was deploying EdTech solutions to extend education to remote and underserved areas. “We are introducing AI and emerging technology education from kindergarten to grade six,” she said, adding that the prime minister wants every child in Islamabad to have access to quality education.

    This model, she added, would be extended to Gilgit-Baltistan and other remote regions to promote equitable digital access.

    The minister also said the ministry is working with the Ministry of Health on a ‘One Patient, One ID’ system. All BHUs will be connected through telemedicine to provide online consultations with specialists.

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  • Worker exodus grows by 12% in May – The Express Tribune

    Worker exodus grows by 12% in May – The Express Tribune

    1. Worker exodus grows by 12% in May  The Express Tribune
    2. Government sees exports rising, inflation at 5-7pc in FY26  Dawn
    3. Economy continued growth momentum in FY2025: Finance ministry  nation.com.pk
    4. Pakistan’s inflation expected to remain between 3-4% for June 2025  Profit by Pakistan Today
    5. Govt spending increases by 18%, budget deficit hits Rs3,689bn  Samaa TV

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  • World Sailing announces split venues for LA28 Sailing Regatta

    World Sailing announces split venues for LA28 Sailing Regatta

    World Sailing announces split venues for LA28 Sailing Regatta

    by World Sailing 30 Jun 21:30 UTC


    49er start- Marseille – Paris2024 Olympic Regatta – August 1, 2024 © World Sailing / Sander van der Borch

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    World Sailing has said it welcomes the confirmation of sailing venues for the Olympic Games LA28 which will deliver excellent conditions for all 10 events, with Belmont Shore in the 2028 Venue City of Long Beach staging the board events and the Port of Los Angeles in the Host City of LA hosting the boat events.


    The Men’s and Women’s Windsurfing events and the Men’s and Women’s Kite will be held first, in Belmont Shore in Long Beach Shoreline, the site of the 1984 Olympic sailing competition.


    Then the action will move to the Port of Los Angeles in Los Angeles, the same host venue for the 2025 Los Angeles Sail GP, for the Men’s and Women’s Dinghy, Men’s and Women’s Skiff, Mixed Dinghy and Mixed Multihull.


    The events will be staged consecutively with the boards first up in Long Beach, followed by the boat racing portion of the sailing competition which will be held in the Port of Los Angeles.


    By utilising both Long Beach and the Port of Los Angeles, LA28 will showcase the best of both locations – placing the dynamic board events at the heart of the vibrant Long Beach shore, along with Beach Volleyball, Open Water Swimming and Coastal Rowing, while creating a dedicated, world-class stage at the Port of Los Angeles to elevate the athlete and spectator experience for the boat classes, bringing the event into the 2028 Host City.


    David Graham, CEO of World Sailing, said: “Belmont Shore in Long Beach and the Port of Los Angeles will provide wonderful sailing conditions which will give all our athletes a platform to demonstrate the skill, athleticism and strategic thinking required to succeed in our sport.


    “While this was ultimately a decision for the relevant local authorities and LA28, as well as the International Olympic Committee (IOC), World Sailing was pleased to collaborate with them on selecting venues which will deliver great experiences for the athletes, a great spectacle for sports fans and a great showcase for Los Angeles as a coastal destination.


    “Today’s announcement provides some welcome certainty for the athletes and their support teams who will compete in the best waters in the region. We look forward to the work ahead with LA28 and the IOC, plus our national federations and sailors to deliver some truly world-class sport in 2028.”


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  • Study Reveals Surprising Side Effects of High-Dose Radiation Therapy

    Study Reveals Surprising Side Effects of High-Dose Radiation Therapy

    Newswise — In a new study published in Nature, researchers at the University of Chicago Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center explore a surprising phenomenon in which high doses of radiation cause growth in existing metastatic tumors that weren’t directly treated with radiation.

    Scientists previously observed that radiation can cause distant tumors to shrink after radiation, known as the “abscopal effect.” The UChicago researchers therefore dubbed the new, opposite response the “badscopal effect,” as a play on words for when unrelated metastatic tumors grow after radiation. They believe this unexpected response happens because high dose radiation increases the production of a protein called amphiregulin by tumor cells that are directly treated with radiation. High amounts of amphiregulin weaken the immune system’s ability to fight cancer and make cancer cells better at protecting themselves. The findings point to promising new therapeutic strategies that could lead to more effective treatments for metastatic cancer.

    Radiotherapy: a double-edged sword?

    Radiotherapy is often used alone or in combination with surgery and chemotherapy to control localized tumors. More recently, radiotherapy has been used to treat cancers that have limited spread, termed “oligometastasis.” Scientists believe that radiotherapy activates the immune system, producing regression in tumors at distant sites that are not directly treated with radiation (i.e. the abscopal effect). However, many patients who receive radiation for oligometastasis or as part of an immunotherapy regimen fail to respond to treatment because of the progression of distant metastasis.

    “Our lab postulated that high doses of radiation might actually promote tumor growth at unirradiated sites under certain conditions, potentially accounting for some of these failures,” said senior author Ralph Weichselbaum, MD, Chair and Daniel K. Ludwig Distinguished Service Professor of Radiation and Cellular Oncology at UChicago Medicine.

    Uncovering the ‘badscopal’ effect

    “Studies from the 1940s suggested radiation might cause tumor spread, but that never made sense to me because radiation is a highly effective anti-cancer agent within the tumor bed,” Weichselbaum said. “However, the communication between the irradiated site and distant metastatic sites is fascinating.”

    To investigate this tumor-to-tumor interaction, the research team analyzed biopsy samples from a clinical trial in which patients with diverse histological types that were treated with high dose focused radiotherapy known as Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) and checkpoint blockade (Pembrolizumab). That clinical trial team, led by Steven Chmura, MD, PhD, Professor of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and Director of Clinical and Translational Research for Radiation Oncology at UChicago, found that tumors at preexisting metastatic sites increased in size following SBRT, suggesting radiation might promote tumor growth.

    To understand how radiation at the primary site affects distant tumors, researchers led by András Piffkó, MD, a post-doctoral fellow in the Weichselbaum lab, conducted gene expression profiling of patient tumors before and after radiation treatment. They discovered that in tumors that had been treated with radiation, the gene encoding for a protein called amphiregulin was significantly increased.

    Amphiregulin binds to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a widely expressed transmembrane tyrosine kinase, and activates major intracellular signaling pathways governing cell survival, proliferation, migration and cell death.

    The researchers then studied this effect using animal models of lung and breast cancer. They found that while radiation reduced the number of new metastatic sites, it increased the growth of existing metastases. Radiotherapy significantly upregulated amphiregulin in tumor cells and blood. Blocking amphiregulin with antibodies or eliminating its gene in the tumor cells using the gene editing technology CRISPR reduced the size of tumors outside of the radiation field.

    “Interestingly, the combination of radiation and amphiregulin blockade decreased both tumor size and the number of metastatic sites,” Weichselbaum said.

    The role of immune suppression

    To explore the mechanism further, the researchers analyzed blood samples from a second clinical trial conducted by Chmura, in which lung cancer patients received SBRT either following or at the same time as immunotherapy. They found that failure to decrease amphiregulin following SBRT in the serum of patients was associated with an adverse outcome. Additionally, they found an increase in myeloid cells with immunosuppressive characteristics was associated with metastasis progression and death.

    In a previous study published in Cancer Cell, Weichselbaum and team demonstrated that ablating immunosuppressive myeloid cells reduces both the size and frequency of metastasis in animal models. By contrast, in the current study, they saw an increase in immunosuppressive myeloid cells in animals where amphiregulin was highly expressed in tumors and blood following radiation but not in tumors that did not express amphiregulin. Amphiregulin appeared to block the differentiation of myeloid cells, leading to an immunosuppressive phenotype.

    In collaboration with Ronald Rock, PhD, Associate Professor in the Department of Biochemistry at UChicago, the team discovered that amphiregulin and radiation upregulated CD47, a so-called “don’t eat me” signal on tumor cells that blocks the ability of macrophages and myeloid cells to engulf tumor cells.

    Blocking amphiregulin and CD47 in combination with radiotherapy resulted in highly effective metastatic control in animal models. The study results indicate a paradigm shift for the use of radiation therapy in patients with locally advanced and metastatic tumors, in which molecules upregulated by radiotherapy could be detected and neutralized. This in turn could lead to a new type of personalized radiotherapy, especially in patients with metastatic disease.

    “These results open a whole new way of thinking about the systemic effects of radiotherapy,” Weichselbaum said. “Based on these findings, we are planning to conduct a clinical trial to further explore and validate the results.”

    The study, “Radiation-induced amphiregulin drives tumor metastasis,” was supported by the National Cancer Institute, Ludwig Foundation, the Chicago Tumor Institute, generous gifts from Mr. and Mrs. Vincent Foglia and the Foglia Foundation, Mr. and Mrs. David Kozin and Mr. and Mrs. James Weichselbaum.

    Additional authors include András Piffkó from the University of Chicago, USA, and the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Kaiting Yang from the University of Chicago, the Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, and South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China; Arpit Panda, Janna Heide, Katarzyna Zawieracz, Leonhard Donle, Ernst Lengyel, Ronald Rock, and Everett E. Vokes from the University of Chicago; Krystyna Tesak, Jason Bugno, Chuangyu Wen, Emile Naccasha, Dapeng Chen, Steven Chmura, Sean Pitroda, and Hua Laura Liang from the University of Chicago, and the Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Chicago; Chuan He from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago; Liangliang Wang from the University of Chicago, the Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, Chicago, and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China; Yanbin Fu from the University of Chicago and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York; Douglas Tilley from Temple University, Philadelphia; and Matthias Mack from the University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.


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  • Men’s Health Month: Prostate Cancer Q&A with Dr. Dahut – American Cancer Society

    1. Men’s Health Month: Prostate Cancer Q&A with Dr. Dahut  American Cancer Society
    2. Nyberg: Yale professor speaks on importance of prostate health  WTNH.com
    3. A healthy aging guide for prostate health: Risks, prevention and care  Mayo Clinic Press
    4. Health Experts Emphasize Importance of Prostate Cancer Screenings  LakeWalesNews.net
    5. Men warned about the “stealthiness” of prostate cancer  Baku.ws

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  • Scientists Investigating whether Ambroxol Can Slow Parkinson’s-Related Dementia

    Scientists Investigating whether Ambroxol Can Slow Parkinson’s-Related Dementia

    Although a cough medicine called Ambroxol is approved in Europe for treating respiratory conditions and has a long-standing safety record, including use at high doses and during pregnancy, it is not approved for any use in the United States or Canada.

    Ball-and-stick model of ambroxol molecule. Image credit: Marina Vladivostok / ChemSpider.

    Parkinson’s disease dementia causes memory loss, confusion, hallucinations and mood changes.

    About half of those diagnosed with Parkinson’s develop dementia within 10 years, profoundly affecting patients, families and the health care system.

    “Our goal was to change the course of Parkinson’s dementia,” said Dr. Stephen Pasternak, a cognitive neurologist at Parkwood Institute, St Joseph’s Health Care London and Robarts Research Institute.

    “This early trial offers hope and provides a strong foundation for larger studies.”

    The 12-month clinical trial involved 55 participants with Parkinson’s disease dementia.

    The authors gave one group daily Ambroxol while the other group received a placebo.

    They monitored memory, psychiatric symptoms and GFAP, a blood marker linked to brain damage.

    According to the team, Ambroxol was safe, well-tolerated and reached therapeutic levels in the brain.

    Psychiatric symptoms worsened in the placebo group but remained stable in those taking Ambroxol.

    Participants with high-risk GBA1 gene variants showed improved cognitive performance on Ambroxol.

    GFAP increased in the placebo group but stayed stable with Ambroxol, suggesting potential brain protection.

    “Current therapies for Parkinson’s disease and dementia address symptoms but do not stop the underlying disease,” Dr. Pasternak said.

    “These findings suggest Ambroxol may protect brain function, especially in those genetically at risk. It offers a promising new treatment avenue where few currently exist.”

    Ambroxol supports a key enzyme called glucocerebrosidase (GCase), which is produced by the GBA1 gene.

    In people with Parkinson’s disease, GCase levels are often low. When this enzyme doesn’t work properly, waste builds up in brain cells, leading to damage.

    “This research is vital because Parkinson’s dementia profoundly affects patients and families,” Dr. Pasternak said.

    “If a drug like Ambroxol can help, it could offer real hope and improve lives.”

    The results appear in the journal JAMA Neurology.

    _____

    Carolina R. A. Silveira et al. Ambroxol as a Treatment for Parkinson Disease Dementia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Neurol, published online June 30, 2025; doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2025.1687

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  • US approves $510m sale of bomb guidance kits to Israel following Iran conflict

    US approves $510m sale of bomb guidance kits to Israel following Iran conflict

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    The United States on Monday announced the approval of a $510 million sale to Israel of bomb guidance kits and related support, after Israel expended significant munitions in its recent conflict with Iran.

    “The proposed sale will enhance Israel’s capability to meet current and future threats by improving its ability to defend Israel’s borders, vital infrastructure, and population centers,” the US Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) said in a statement.

    “The United States is committed to the security of Israel, and it is vital to US national interests to assist Israel to develop and maintain a strong and ready self-defense capability,” it added.

    The State Department approved the possible sale and the DSCA has provided the required notification to the US Congress, which still needs to sign off on the transaction.

    Israel launched an unprecedented air campaign on June 13 targeting Iranian nuclear sites, scientists and top military brass in a bid to end the country’s nuclear program, which Tehran says is for civilian purposes but Washington and other powers insist is aimed at acquiring atomic weapons.

    Trump had spent weeks pursuing a diplomatic path to replace the nuclear deal with Tehran that he tore up in 2018 during his first term, but he ultimately decided to take military action, ordering US strikes on Iranian nuclear sites.

    A ceasefire brought the war to a halt last week, but Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has vowed to prevent Tehran from ever rebuilding its nuclear facilities, raising the prospect of a future conflict.

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