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  • Where did all the Brisbane festivals go? Down the road to the Gold Coast

    Where did all the Brisbane festivals go? Down the road to the Gold Coast

    While the move is frustrating for Brisbane music fans, the city isn’t exactly flush with other options. The RNA can hold about 22,000 people, while other outdoor venues, such as The Sporting Fields at Victoria Park, don’t have the capacity to accommodate such a large crowd, or the numerous stages that Laneway is known for.

    The organisers said in a TikTok comment that Laneway’s new home, the Southport Sharks, “will be able to fit just as many people as Brisbane could”, on the venue’s AFL fields and nearby green spaces.

    Music lovers attend Laneway Festival last year. Credit: Daniel Boud Crowd

    In my experience, the RNA was by far the most convenient location for Brisbanites – just a 15-minute walk from Fortitude Valley station, or an Uber to Gregory Terrace.

    The RNA experience always felt seamless, unlike the nightmare that is Doug Jennings Park at Main Beach, where I attended the Souled Out Festival in 2024.

    After being confronted with what felt like endless queues for coaches after the headline set, my friend and I decided to walk to a main road to find a tram. Trekking down Seaworld Drive with blistered feet and a dwindling game of “I Spy” to keep us entertained, I vowed to never subject myself to that experience again.

    But it wasn’t long before my resolve dissolved and I bought tickets to Spilt Milk for this coming December to endure the entire ordeal all over again. Sometimes the headliners outweigh the blisters (hello Kendrick Lamar and Doechii).

    While Laneway 2026 isn’t being taken hostage by Doug Jennings Park, its move away from the familiar and convenient RNA Showgrounds fills me with apprehension.

    Yes, accommodation options abound on the Gold Coast, but there’s something so comforting about ending the night in my own bed.

    Even though I love a festival, I’m not willing to abandon my entire routine for one night of fun – I’m not 18 any more.

    All other Laneway locations are in capital cities, so it feels embarrassing that Brisbane has slipped off the radar. Will RNB festival Fridayz Live, punk festival Good Things, and New Year’s rave Wildlands all decamp to our southern neighbours too?

    As Brisbane prepares for the 2032 Olympics, let’s hope not.

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  • Neeraj Chopra qualifies for World Athletics Championships 2025 javelin final

    Neeraj Chopra qualifies for World Athletics Championships 2025 javelin final

    One throw, that was all Neeraj Chopra needed to ensure that he would be defending his men’s javelin crown at the World Athletics Championships 2025 finals in Tokyo on Thursday.

    Neeraj Chopra, a two-time Olympic medallist, comfortably booked his place in the medal round with an 84.85m throw in Group A of the qualifiers at the Tokyo National Stadium on Wednesday. The automatic qualification mark was set at 84.50m.

    The 27-year-old Indian athlete, currently world No. 2, began the proceedings in his group and breached the mark with his very first throw.

    Neeraj Chopra’s personal best is 90.23m – also the Indian national record – achieved at the Doha Diamond League earlier this year.

    “It feels great to qualify for the final in the first round. Now, I need to stay healthy and focus. I think I am ready. I need to concentrate and give my best,” Neeraj Chopra said after securing his spot in the 12-man final.

    Germany’s Julian Weber, the top-ranked men’s javelin thrower in the world currently, fell short with his first throw but came good with a second haul of 87.21m.

    Poland’s Dawid Wegner was the only other athlete from Group A who earned a direct qualification with a new personal best of 85.67m.

    India’s Sachin Yadav finished sixth in Group A with a commendable 83.67m throw but will now need to wait for Group B results to know if he will qualify for the medal round. Tokyo 2020 silver medallist Jakub Vadlejch was fourth with 84.11m and Olympic medallist Keshorn Walcott finished fifth in the group with an 83.93m throw.

    Pakistan’s Arshad Nadeem, the reigning Olympic champion, will start his campaign in the qualifiers Group B later today. India’s Rohit Yadav and Yashvir Singh are also in the group.

    Overall, 12 athletes out of 37 will qualify for the final. Barring those who breach the automatic qualification mark, the next best throwers will make the cut until the quota is filled.

    At the last edition of the World Championships in Budapest two years ago, Neeraj Chopra created history by becoming India’s first world champion in athletics with a throw of 88.17m. Arshad Nadeem took silver with 87.82m.

    However, the standing was flipped at the Paris 2024 Olympics last year.

    Another Neeraj Chopra vs Arshad Nadeem could be on the cards in Tokyo on Thursday.

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  • FIF – Go Digital in WB – Addiko Bank Sarajevo

    Understanding transition

    Further information regarding the EBRD’s approach to measuring transition impact is available here.

    Business opportunities

    For business opportunities or procurement, contact the client company.

    For business opportunities with the EBRD (not related to procurement) contact:

    Tel: +44 20 7338 7168

    Email: projectenquiries@ebrd.com

    For state-sector projects, visit EBRD Procurement:

    Tel: +44 20 7338 6794

    Email: procurement@ebrd.com

    General enquiries

    Specific enquiries can be made using the EBRD Enquiries form.

    Environmental and Social Policy (ESP)

    The ESP and its associated Environmental and Social Requirements (ESRs) set out the ways in which the EBRD implements its commitment to promoting “environmentally sound and sustainable development”.  The ESP and the ESRs include specific provisions for clients to comply with the applicable requirements of national laws on public information and consultation, and to establish a grievance mechanism to receive and facilitate resolution of stakeholders’ concerns and grievances, in particular, about the environmental and social (E&S) performance of the client and the project. Proportionate to the nature and scale of a project’s environmental and social risks and impacts, the EBRD also requires its clients to disclose information, as appropriate, about the risks and impacts of projects or to undertake meaningful consultation with stakeholders and consider and respond to their feedback.

    More information on the EBRD’s practices in this regard is set out in the ESP.

    Integrity and compliance

    The EBRD’s Office of the Chief Compliance Officer (OCCO) promotes good governance and ensures that the highest standards of integrity are applied to all of the Bank’s activities in accordance with international best practice. Integrity due diligence is conducted on all Bank clients to ensure that projects do not present unacceptable integrity or reputational risks to the Bank. The EBRD believes that identifying and resolving issues in the project assessment and approval stages is the most effective means of ensuring the integrity of Bank transactions. OCCO plays a key role in these protective efforts andhelps to monitor integrity risks in projects post-investment.

    OCCO is further responsible for investigating allegations of fraud, corruption and misconduct in EBRD-financed projects. Anyone, either within or outside the Bank, who suspects fraud or corruption should submit a written report to the Chief Compliance Officer by email to compliance@ebrd.com. OCCO will follow-up all matters reported. It will review all matters reported. Reports can be made in any language of the Bank or of the Bank’s countries of operation. The information provided must be made in good faith.

    Access to Information Policy (AIP)

    The AIP, which entered into force on 1 January 2025, sets out how the EBRD discloses information and consults with its stakeholders to promote better awareness and understanding of its strategies, policies and operations. Please visit the Access to Information Policy page to find out what information is available from the EBRD website.

    Specific requests for information can be made using the EBRD enquiries form.

    Independent Project Accountability Mechanism (IPAM)

    If efforts to address environmental, social or public disclosure concerns with the Client or the Bank are unsuccessful (for example, through the client’s project-level grievance mechanism or through direct engagement with Bank management), individuals and organisations may seek to address their concerns through the EBRD’s Independent Project Accountability Mechanism (IPAM).

    IPAM independently reviews project issues that are believed to have caused (or to be likely to cause) harm. The purpose of the mechanism is: to support dialogue between project stakeholders to resolve environmental, social and public disclosure issues; to determine whether the Bank has complied with its Environmental and Social Policy or the project-specific provisions of its Access to Information Policy; and where applicable, to address any existing non-compliance with these policies, while preventing future non-compliance by the Bank.

    Please visit the Independent Project Accountability Mechanism webpage to find out more about IPAM and its mandate and how to submit a Request for review. Alternatively, contact IPAM by email at ipam@ebrd.com for guidance and more information on IPAM and how to submit a request.

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  • Catastrophic disruption of asteroid 2023 CX1 and implications for planetary defence

    Catastrophic disruption of asteroid 2023 CX1 and implications for planetary defence

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  • South Africa’s Gian-Quen Isaacs draws strength from Chad le Clos on road to Milano Cortina 2026

    South Africa’s Gian-Quen Isaacs draws strength from Chad le Clos on road to Milano Cortina 2026

    Lessons from Chad le Clos

    The hours on the ice have paid dividends in recent years as she is exposed to more international competitions.

    She took a step closer to the big leagues when she competed at the Four Continents Championships in the Republic of Korea. Isaacs has also spent time at the Ice Lab in Bergamo, Italy, one of Europe’s premier training hubs for the sport, working under coach and choreographer Ondrej Hotarek.

    As she navigates the pressures of competing on the global stage, Isaacs has found inspiration and words of wisdom from South Africa’s second most decorated Olympian, Chad le Clos.

    Le Clos’ incredible upset victory over Michael Phelps in the 200m butterfly at London 2012 counts as one of her earliest memories of the Olympic Games.

    When Isaacs got to meet her idol earlier in 2025, she asked him for some tips on making it on the global stage.

    “So, I met him again in January, and he’s so cool, and he had a lot of good tips when it came to being an athlete at this stage of my career,” she said.

    “I was saying that it was really difficult as a South African to go out on that stage and do well, especially with a lot of pressure.

    “And I still remember he told me that I should, instead of thinking of it as pressure, I should really just perform. I should go out there and be like, ‘Okay, you are all here to see me. And he was like, ‘Go in with the idea of ‘Okay, I’m just here and I’m performing, and I am going to make everyone watch me and I’m going to be the best. So yeah, it was really good advice.”

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  • Volcanic sulfur on Mars could have been helpful for life

    Volcanic sulfur on Mars could have been helpful for life

    View larger. | NASA’s Curiosity rover found these pure sulfur crystals on May 30, 2024, after it drove over and broke open a rock. Now, a new study from researchers at the University of Texas at Austin shows that reduced forms of volcanic sulfur on Mars could have kept the atmosphere warm enough for liquid water and possibly life. Image via NASA.
    • Was Mars ever warm enough to support life? Scientists still don’t know exactly what the climate was like on Mars billions of years ago. But there are clues.
    • Reduced forms of sulfur from active volcanoes could have kept the planet warm by creating a greenhouse effect. The findings are based on new atmospheric simulations and studies of Martian meteorites.
    • These other forms of sulfur would have dominated the greenhouse process, rather than sulfur dioxide or carbon dioxide alone, as previously hypothesized.

    Volcanic sulfur on Mars

    Was Mars ever warm enough to support life? We know there was once abundant water on the surface. But scientists still don’t know exactly what the climate was like billions of years ago. Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin said on September 11, 2025, that volcanic activity likely helped keep the atmosphere warm enough for life to exist. They said sulfur gases released from volcanoes could have created the greenhouse effect needed to make the planet hospitable for life. The researchers ran over 40 computer simulations to study the possible atmosphere of early Mars.

    Unlike previous models that suggested primarily sulfur dioxide or carbon dioxide, the new study shows that other reduced forms of sulfur might have been the dominant gases involved instead. Reduced sulfur refers to sulfur atoms in a negative oxidation state, forming compounds like hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and thiols (mercaptans).

    The researchers published their peer-reviewed findings in Science Advances on September 3, 2025.

    Volcanic emissions of reactive sulfur gases on early Mars may have contributed to a greenhouse effect, potentially creating conditions favorable for liquid water and microbial life. doi.org/g93fsc

    — Science X / Phys.org (@sciencex.bsky.social) 2025-09-11T15:19:15-04:00

    Simulating Mars’ early atmosphere

    To try to determine how Mars’ early atmosphere could have been warm enough for life, the researchers ran over 40 computer simulations. The simulations used various temperatures and concentrations of gases and chemistry based on data from Martian meteorites. By doing so, the researchers could estimate how much carbon, nitrogen and sulfide gases were present billions of years ago.

    Previously, scientists had considered sulfur dioxide or carbon dioxide to be the most likely gas to help create a greenhouse effect. The new results, however, suggested something a bit different: reduced and highly reactive forms of sulfur. This could include sodium sulfide (H2S), disulfur (S2) or sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). Sulfur hexafluoride, in particular, is an extremely potent greenhouse gas.

    As lead author Lucia Bellino at the University of Texas at Austin explained, this could have resulted in a climate able to maintain liquid water and even support some forms of life:

    The presence of reduced sulfur may have induced a hazy environment which led to the formation of greenhouse gases, such as SF6 [sulfur hexafluoride], that trap heat and liquid water. The degassed sulfur species and redox conditions are also found in hydrothermal systems on Earth that sustain diverse microbial life.

    Huge, sprawling volcano on reddish planet. A bluish haze is along the limb of the planet, with black space in the background.
    View larger. | Perspective view from Mars Express of Olympus Mons on Mars, the largest volcano in the solar system. This and many other ancient volcanoes could have helped maintain a habitable environment on Mars billions of years ago. Image via ESA/ DLR/ FU Berlin/ J. Cowart (CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO).

    Sulfur kept changing forms

    In addition, the study revealed that the sulfur might not have stayed the same. Instead, it kept changing forms. The meteorites contain reduced sulfur. But most of the sulfur that has been seen directly on the Martian surface is chemically bonded to oxygen. The difference suggests that this kind of sulfur cycling was common on early Mars. Bellino said:

    This indicates that sulfur cycling – the transition of sulfur to different forms – may have been a dominant process occurring on early Mars.

    Smiling woman with long hair and trees in the background behind her.
    Lucia Bellino at the University of Texas at Austin is the lead author of the new study about sulfur on Mars and how it might have provided habitable conditions. Image via Lucia Bellino.

    Curiosity rover finds pure sulfur crystals

    There’s another interesting twist to sulfur on Mars, too. In 2024, NASA’s Curiosity rover drove over a small rock, crushing it in the process. And the broken pieces revealed something unexpected. The rock was filled with crystals of elemental sulfur. Unlike other sulfur seen previously on the surface, this was pure sulfur, not bound to oxygen in sulfate. Co-author Chenguang Sun at the University of Texas at Austin said:

    We were very excited to see the news from NASA and a large outcrop of elemental sulfur. One of the key takeaways from our research is that as S2 [disulfur] was emitted, it would precipitate as elemental sulfur. When we started working on this project, there were no such known observations.

    Next, the team plans to use the same simulations to study the possible sources of water on early Mars, including volcanoes. In addition, they will investigate whether microbes could have used reduced sulfur as a food source.

    Bottom line: Did early Mars support life? A new study shows how volcanic sulfur on Mars could have kept the planet warm and wet enough to be habitable billions of years ago.

    Source: Volcanic emission of reduced sulfur species shaped the climate of early Mars

    Via The University of Texas at Austin

    Read more: NASA announces Mars rock as a potential biosignature

    Read more: Mars’ interior might contain remnants of baby planets

    Paul Scott Anderson

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    About the Author:

    Paul Scott Anderson has had a passion for space exploration that began when he was a child when he watched Carl Sagan’s Cosmos. He studied English, writing, art and computer/publication design in high school and college. He later started his blog The Meridiani Journal in 2005, which was later renamed Planetaria. He also later started the blog Fermi Paradoxica, about the search for life elsewhere in the universe.

    While interested in all aspects of space exploration, his primary passion is planetary science and SETI. In 2011, he started writing about space on a freelance basis with Universe Today. He has also written for SpaceFlight Insider and AmericaSpace and has also been published in The Mars Quarterly. He also did some supplementary writing for the iOS app Exoplanet.

    He has been writing for EarthSky since 2018, and also assists with proofing and social media.

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  • Kate Middleton & King Charles’ Sweet Bond Was on Display at Royal Funeral

    Kate Middleton & King Charles’ Sweet Bond Was on Display at Royal Funeral

    Kate Middleton and King Charles have always shared a warm relationship, which was evident in their recent gathering. The royals came together to pay respect to the funeral of Katharine, the Duchess of Kent, on September 16. While leaving the Westminster Cathedral, the Princess of Wales’ gesture as she bid farewell to her father-in-law has been captured in photos.

    Kate Middleton’s sweet gesture towards father-in-law King Charles was captured in a photo

    Kate Middleton’s warm gesture towards King Charles in new photos appeared to be sweet. The two met when the royal family gathered at Westminster Cathedral on Tuesday at the funeral of the Duchess of Kent, Katharine. At the age of 92, Katharine passed away on September 4. As her coffin was shifted to a hearse after the Requiem Mass service, the family members were reportedly standing on the steps. It was time to say goodbye to the attendees.

    When the 76-year-old king was about to go towards his car, his daughter-in-law warmly bid him farewell. She planted a kiss on the monarch’s cheeks, followed by a quick curtsy. While placing her hand on his shoulder, she looked at her father-in-law with warm eyes, showcasing their bond. He seemed to have responded to the gesture in the same way.

    According to PEOPLE, their interaction gave a glimpse into the sweet relationship the two share. Last year, royal biographer Sally Bedell Smith told the outlet that Middleton has always been “like the daughter he never had.” “He shares with William an impulse to protect her,” she added. Furthermore, the king has often displayed his affection for the future queen. In October 2023, he referred to Prince William’s wife as “my beloved daughter-in-law” during his speech at a Kenya banquet.

    Earlier, a report suggested that the two even teamed up to plan a reunion between William and Prince Harry. A source claimed that the 43-year-old princess joined hands with the king to end the two brothers’ ongoing feud at a royal wedding. However, things did not seem to have gone according to plan.

    Originally reported by Suushmmita Sen on Reality Tea.

    The post Photo: Kate Middleton & King Charles’ Sweet Bond Was on Display at Royal Funeral appeared first on Mandatory.

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  • This ‘megaflash’ is now the longest lightning bolt on record

    This ‘megaflash’ is now the longest lightning bolt on record

    cloud: A plume of molecules or particles, such as water droplets, that move under the action of an outside force, such as wind, radiation or water currents. (in atmospheric science) A mass of airborne water droplets and ice crystals that travel as a plume, usually high in Earth’s atmosphere. Its movement is driven by winds. 

    data: Facts and/or statistics collected together for analysis but not necessarily organized in a way that gives them meaning. For digital information (the type stored by computers), those data typically are numbers stored in a binary code, portrayed as strings of zeros and ones.

    electricity: (adj. electric) A flow of charge, usually from the movement of negatively charged particles, called electrons.

    geostationary orbit: Also known as a geosynchronous orbit. This is a term for the path certain satellites take around the Earth. They move in the same direction as Earth’s rotation. Earth turns on its axis once a day. These orbit around Earth at about the same rate, usually around 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4 seconds. Their longitude (East-to-West location) seems unchanging although their path may seem to vary a bit from North to South). The end result: The satellite appears at the same point in the sky at all times (as seen from someplace on the ground).

    infuse: (n. infusion) To cause something to enter or mix with another thing (which could be an emotion, a flavor or a liquid).

    lightning: A flash of light triggered by the discharge of electricity that occurs between clouds or between a cloud and something on Earth’s surface. The electrical current can cause a flash heating of the air, which can create a sharp crack of thunder.

    millisecond: A thousandth of a second.

    online: (n.) On the internet. (adj.) A term for what can be found or accessed on the internet.

    orbit: The curved path of a celestial object or spacecraft around a galaxy, star, planet or moon. One complete circuit around a celestial body.

    particle: A minute amount of something.

    physicist: A scientist who studies the nature and properties of matter and energy.

    satellite: A moon orbiting a planet or a vehicle or other manufactured object that orbits some celestial body in space.

    system: A network of parts that together work to achieve some function. For instance, the blood, vessels and heart are primary components of the human body’s circulatory system. Similarly, trains, platforms, tracks, roadway signals and overpasses are among the potential components of a nation’s railway system. System can even be applied to the processes or ideas that are part of some method or ordered set of procedures for getting a task done.

    troposphere: The lowest level of Earth’s atmosphere. It runs from the planet’s surface to a height of  8 to 14 kilometers (5 to 9 miles), depending on the latitude. It’s the region where the air is thickest and where most weather occurs. Air currents moving through this region often flow not only horizontally, but often vertically (up and down).

    updraft: A strong mass of air that rises quickly.

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  • Structure of a functional archaellum in Bacteria of the Chloroflexota phylum

    Structure of a functional archaellum in Bacteria of the Chloroflexota phylum

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  • ATC indicts 11 suspects in November 26 protest case

    ATC indicts 11 suspects in November 26 protest case

    An Anti-Terrorism Court (ATC) on Wednesday indicted 11 arrested suspects in the November 26 protest case.

    ATC Judge Tahir Abbas Sipra conducted the proceedings, during which the accused pleaded not guilty. The court adjourned the hearing until September 24.

    In the same case, leaders of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) are on interim bail until November 13. Police have submitted a challan against the arrested suspects out of the 195 workers nominated in the Secretariat Police Station case.

    Meanwhile, 184 absconding accused have already been declared proclaimed offenders by the court.


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