Hollywood dinosaur franchise reboot “Jurassic World Rebirth” charged into first place at the South Korean box office for the July 4–6 weekend, grossing $5.6 million from 804,654 admissions across 1,645 screens.
According to KOBIS, the tracking service operated by the Korean Film Council, the film accounted for 45.2% of the market. Including earlier weekday previews, the film has now grossed $7.3 million in Korea.
South Korean film “Noise” moved up to second, in terms of admissions, with $2.3 million and 326,270 admissions, bringing its cumulative total to $4.7 million. Directed by Kim Soo-jin, the psychological horror stars Lee Sun-bin as Ju-young, a woman haunted by disturbing sounds tied to her sister’s disappearance.
Brad Pitt‘s “F1” dropped to third from last week’s pole position with $2.6 million from 320,675 admissions. The film has amassed $7.8 million in total gross. DreamWorks’ “How to Train Your Dragon” placed fourth, earning $687,056 and bringing its Korean total to $12.3 million. Disney-Pixar’s “Elio” followed in fifth, adding $457,508 for a cumulative haul of $3.6 million.
In sixth place, local film “Hi-Five” grossed $93,976. It has now reached $12.7 million from more than 1.87 million admissions. Studio Ghibli’s classic “Nausicaa Of The Valley Of The Winds” climbed to seventh with $75,095, raising its re-release total to $338,548 in Korea.
Tom Cruise‘s “Mission: Impossible – The Final Reckoning” came in eighth with $73,715, pushing its total to $24.1 million. South Korean faith-based documentary “Nameless” was ninth, earning $58,798 over the weekend. Directed by Ha Jung-woo, the film has now grossed $336,591.
Rounding out the top 10, post-apocalyptic horror sequel “28 Years Later” collected $51,260 for a running total of $2.2 million.
The top 10 films collectively grossed $12.1 million over the July 4–6 weekend, marking a notable rise from the previous frame’s $7.2 million.
The second quarter of 2025 brought forward a wave of promising clinical data and cross-disciplinary insights across gastroenterology.
Key developments spotlighted at Digestive Disease Week (DDW) 2025 included phase 2a success for EBX-102-02 in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C), stronger follow-up screening rates with stool DNA testing for colorectal cancer screening, and encouraging results for fecal microbiota therapies in treating and preventing recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI).
Other notable GI research from Q2 called attention to the gut-brain connection and cross-specialty collaboration. New data linked diet patterns to global IBS severity, explored anxiety’s impact on diet and microbiome health, and emphasized the overlap between GI and dermatologic immune conditions—paving the way for more integrated care approaches.
Here’s a recap of what made headlines in Q2 of 2025:
Highlights from DDW 2025
EBX-102-02, A Full-Spectrum Microbiome Drug, Shows Promise for IBS-C in Phase 2a Trial
Phase 2a data from the from the Treating IBS with an Intestinal Microbiota Product for Health (TrIuMPH) trial presented at DDW 2025 suggest EBX-102-02, a next-generation oral full-spectrum microbiome drug, is safe, tolerable, and leads to improvements in IBS-Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS), abdominal pain, and stool consistency in patients with IBS-C.
Optimizing Follow-Up Colonoscopy Rates for CRC Screening, with Mark Fendrick, MD
Findings from a series of studies presented at DDW 2025 point to the benefit of initial colorectal cancer screening with a stool-based DNA test, highlighting better adherence to follow-up colonoscopy after a positive result compared with other noninvasive tests. Specifically, the studies looked at this trend in the context of certain variables, including age, geographic location, and race, and consistently demonstrated increased rates of follow-up colonoscopy with initial multitarget stool DNA testing compared with fecal immunochemical tests or fecal occult blood tests
Advances in Managing Recurrent C Diff Infection, with Paul Feuerstadt, MD
In this interview with HCPLive, Paul Feuerstadt, MD, a clinical gastroenterologist and an associate clinical professor of medicine at Yale University School of Medicine/PACT-Gastroenterology Center, broke down recent advances in treating recurrent C diff and reviewed pooled data from 5 clinical trials highlighting the safety and administration of fecal microbiota, live-jslm (Rebyota).
Cross Specialty Care: Collaboration Between Derm and GI
The Connection Between Gut Health and Dermatologic Diseases
In this HCPLive Special Report, advisory board members Raj Chovatiya, MD, PhD, a clinical associate professor of medicine at Rosalind Franklin University Chicago Medical School and as founder and director of the Center for Medical Dermatology and Immunology Research in Chicago, and Adelina Hung, MD, a clinical assistant professor at Rosalind Franklin University Chicago Medical School and director of the IBD program at Sinai Health System Chicago, explore the growing clinical and research intersections between dermatology and gastroenterology. Framed by their shared academic background and personal relationship as husband and wife, the conversation offers a detailed, cross-disciplinary look at how immune-mediated diseases of the skin and gut overlap—and how a collaborative care model can enhance outcomes for patients.
Advances in C Diff Prevention, Management
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Shows Promise for First-Line Primary C Diff Treatment
Findings from this randomized, open-label, noninferiority phase 3 trial suggest fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may be a viable first-line treatment for primary CDI, highlighting its noninferiority to standard-of-care vancomycin. The trial, which was conducted at 20 hospitals in Norway, found clinical cure and no disease recurrence within 60 days without additional treatment occurred in 66.7% of patients with FMT versus 61.2% with vancomycin.
AI Tool Shows Promise for Antimicrobial Stewardship, C Diff Prevention in Hospitals
Research from Michigan Medicine suggests use of an AI-guided infection prevention bundle may support CDI prevention and antimicrobial stewardship in hospital settings. The study compared patient outcomes pre- and post-implementation of a previously validated institution-specific AI model for CDI risk prediction and found that although use of the AI bundle was not associated with a significant reduction in CDI incidence, it was linked to substantial reductions in CDI-associated antimicrobial use.
Novel IBS, DGBI Research
Regional Dietary Patterns Tied to Global Prevalence, Severity of IBS
Findings from this analysis of Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study data highlight diet’s influence on the development and severity of IBS, which is estimated to affect anywhere from 5-10% of the global population. Specifically, the study identified 4 dietary pattern clusters adjusted by age, country and religion, that were associated with differences in both the global prevalence and severity of IBS.
DGBI Common in Children with Adequately Managed Celiac Disease, Study Finds
Findings from this study suggest DGBI are common in pediatric patients with celiac disease (CeD) despite adequate adherence to a gluten-free diet and declining tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A (TTG IgA) values. The retrospective chart review included nearly 200 pediatric CeD patients receiving care at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and found 43% of the cohort met Rome IV DGBI diagnostic criteria, mostly for functional constipation and functional abdominal pain, suggesting clinicians should consider DGBI in their patients who have persistent CeD symptoms despite adequate disease management.
GI Symptom Related-Anxiety Drives Restrictive Eating in IBS
Research presented at DDW 2025 by Jeemin Kwon, MD, an internal medicine resident at the University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, offered novel insight into the complex relationship between diet, anxiety, and the gut microbiome in patients with IBS. In this interview with HCPLive, Kwon explained the critical role GI symptom–related anxiety plays in shaping dietary patterns and altering gut microbiome composition among patients with IBS.
Kylie Jenner, Timothee Chalamet shut down breakup rumours with cosy outing
Kylie Jenner and Timothee Chalamet quashed swirling breakup rumours in the wake of their brief separation.
During the past weeks, while the Khy founder was enjoying Jeff Bezos-Lauren Sanchez’s star studded wedding with her family, including Kim Kardashian and Kris Jenner, in Venice, Italy, the Oscar nominated actor appeared to be busy filming his upcoming projects.
Prioritising their respective commitments, the two hadn’t made any recent public appearances or gone on dates, which raised concerns among fans about a possible split.
Adding further fuel to the fire, a photo of Kylie, 27, spending quality time at a beach with a “mystery man” surfaced on social media.
Some users claimed the handsome hunk was one of her half-brothers, Brandon or Brody Jenner, others suggested it was a friend’s boyfriend.
Nevertheless, the breakup rumours were put to rest when Kylie and Timothee, 29, were spotted together at Shellona Beach in Saint-Tropez, making a very public reunion.
While the Kylie Cosmetics mogul donned a black and white striped mini dress, A Complete Unknown star went incognito in a Nigerian jersey, a matching green head scarf wrapped around his face, and a blue baseball cap.
Notably, the A-list couple, spotted walking hand-in-hand, were not alone, Kylie’s older sister Kendall Jenner also joined them, but gave the lovebirds some space to enjoy their time together.
Wimbledon organizers have apologized and explained that “human error” was the reason behind the electronic line-calling system being turned off during a match on Sunday.
During the first set of the fourth-round clash between Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova and Sonay Kartal on Centre Court, a backhand from Kartal went long but there was no “out” call from the electronic system, which has replaced human line umpires at Wimbledon this year.
Pavlyuchenkova, who was one point away from winning that game, stopped playing with the ball landing outside the court. Umpire Nico Helwerth called for the match to be paused, while the automated system said “stop, stop,” leading to confusion from both players and the fans in attendance.
Helwerth informed the crowd that he was going to check if the system was “up and running” before spending time on the phone.
After a short delay, he said that the electronic system “was unfortunately unable to track the last point,” which was subsequently replayed.
Kartal went on to win the point and break Pavlyuchenkova to take a 5-4 lead. In the change of ends, the Russian could be heard saying to Helwerth: “You took the game away from me … they stole the game from me. They stole it.”
The automated system did not pick up on balls landing out on three occasions in the game, with Helwerth calling the other two. The All England Lawn Tennis & Croquet Club (AELTC) said that Helwerth did not know the system had not been running.
After the match had finished – with Pavlyuchenkova eventually winning 7-6(3), 6-4 to reach the quarterfinals – a spokesperson for the AELTC said that the system had been deactivated in error by “those operating the system” and that a full investigation had taken place.
“We have apologized to the players involved,” the spokesperson said in a statement to CNN. “We continue to have full confidence in the accuracy of the ball tracking technology.
“The live ELC (electronic line-calling) system relies on the Hawk-Eye operators, the Review Official and the technology to work in harmony. This did not happen. In this instance there was a human error and as a consequence we have fully reviewed our processes and made the appropriate changes.”
It added that Helwerth had “followed the established process” of replaying the point if the system goes down and it’s unclear whether the ball was in or out.
After booking her spot in the next round, Pavlyuchenkova called the whole situation “confusing,” in particular when the umpire ordered the point to be replayed instead of awarding it to her.
“I think it’s good to raise this subject for the future,” Pavlyuchenkova told reporters.
“Because if anything like that happens in a very important moment of the match, I think we should have a wire system like in football. Then it’s clear for everybody and we can move on right away instead of just guessing.”
The automated line-calling system has been a big talking point at this year’s Wimbledon. Great Britain’s top-ranked players – Jack Draper and Emma Raducanu – have both expressed their doubts about the system, with Raducanu calling it “dodgy.”
Switzerland’s Belina Bencic said that the new automated system has been a topic of discussion among players in the locker room.
The introduction of technology to replace line judges at Wimbledon follows many other tournaments around the world, including the Australian Open and the US Open.
Following her win on Sunday, Pavlyuchenkova said that Helwerth “probably was scared to take such a big decision” with the technology not working and called for more human intervention.
“That’s why we have a chair umpire,” she said. “Otherwise, I think soon let’s just play without them and then we’re going to have everything automatic. I think we are losing a little bit of the charm of actually having human beings, ballboys.
“Like during Covid, we didn’t have ballboys. It just becomes a little bit weird and robot sort of orientated.”
Scientists have made an astonishing discovery after finding lobster-like creatures beneath the depths of the Antarctic ice.
It’s hard to comprehend how any living creature can survive freezing cold temperatures, but after drilling more than half a mile below the surface of an ice sheet, experts found an unexpected slow-moving river where animals are living.
The subglacial river has been hidden for millennia but was uncovered during a recent expedition. Researchers drilled over 1,600 feet into the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, where they found the river below the Ross Ice Shelf.
The river is about as deep as a 30-story building and is a blend of both fresh and seawater, and is slowly travelling towards the ocean.
Expedition leader Huw Horgan explained: “We struck water at the end of the borehole and with the help of our camera, we even discovered a school of lobster-like creatures — 400 kilometres from the open ocean.”
Craig Stevens
Researchers believe that the river swells around once every decade – this occurs when nearby lakes drain into it. It’s thought the surges in the river could be causing an acceleration of ice melt as it carves out channels in the ice, moving around nutrients that help to sustain life.
The discovery is an important one in terms of our understanding of ice melt and sea level rise.
Experts fear that subglacial rivers such as this may be thinning glaciers from the bottom up, which may make it easier for land-based ice to get into the ocean and speed up sea-level rise, which may increase the risk of flooding in extreme weather and put pressure on food systems.
Why not read…
Mutated tribe can swim to bottom of ocean after developing ‘sea nomad gene’
1,800-year-old tomb discovered with rare treasure inside
‘World’s oldest pyramid’ built 25,000 years ago was not made by humans, archaeologists claim
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On Tim Hortons Camp Day on July 16, 100% of the purchase price, excluding taxes, from every hot coffee and iced coffee sold at Tim Hortons restaurants in the United States and Canada are donated to Tim Hortons Foundation Camps to help underserved youth reach their full potential.
Last year’s Camp Day campaign raised over $700,000 at Tim Hortons restaurants in the United States. Tim Hortons, Tims restaurant owners, and guests have collectively raised over $190 million through Camp Day campaigns across Canada and the United States since 1991!
In advance of Camp Day, Tims guests can also support Tim Hortons Foundation Camps by purchasing a colorful Camp Day bracelet for $3*, with profits donated to the foundation.
NEW YORK, July 7, 2025 /PRNewswire/ – Tim Hortons® Camp Day is back on July 16, 2025, with 100% of purchases of all hot and iced coffee sales (excluding taxes) donated to Tim Hortons Foundation Camps!
The mission for Tim Hortons Foundation Camps is to provide life-changing opportunities for underserved youth to help them reach their full potential. Over 320,000 youth have been supported through multi-year development programs in the foundation’s 50-year history. For more information about Tim Hortons® Foundation Camps and other important charitable disclosures, visit timscamps.com.
On Tim Hortons Camp Day on July 16, 100% of the purchase price, excluding taxes, from every hot coffee and iced coffee sold at Tim Hortons restaurants in the United States and Canada are donated to Tim Hortons Foundation Camps to help underserved youth reach their full potential. (CNW Group/Tim Hortons)
On Tim Hortons Camp Day on July 16, 100% of the purchase price, excluding taxes, from every hot coffee and iced coffee sold at Tim Hortons restaurants in the United States and Canada are donated to Tim Hortons Foundation Camps to help underserved youth reach their full potential. (CNW Group/Tim Hortons)
“The charitable impact of Camp Day is one of my favorite aspects of Tim Hortons – it’s such an inspiring, fun, and energizing way for the brand, local restaurant owners, and our incredible guests to give back and empower the next generation to reach their potential. Buying a coffee on Camp Day is a small gesture that drives real change for kids from our restaurants’ communities,” says Katerina Glyptis, President of Tim Hortons U.S.
“We can’t thank Tims guests enough for coming out and buying coffee on Camp Day each year!”
How to support Tim Hortons Foundation Camps on Camp Day:
100% of the purchase price from all hot and iced coffee sales, excluding taxes, are donated to Tim Hortons Foundation Camps. It’s a great day to size up your order and treat your family and friends to a coffee! You can also opt to round-up your order total to make a donation to the foundation.
Order a Tim Hortons Take 12 to share with co-workers, friends, and family. A Tim Hortons Take 12 includes 12 small coffees along with cups, dairy, and sweeteners. Guests can also fill out a pre-order form in advance for Tim Hortons Take 12’s so their whole work team or family can support Camp Day together!
Tims guests can also support Tim Hortons Foundation Camps by purchasing a Camp Day bracelet for $3, with profits supporting Tims Camps.
Make a one-time or monthly donation online any time at www.timscamps.com.
* $2.01 per bracelet.
About Tim Hortons® Tim Hortons® is one of North America’s largest restaurant chains operating in the quick service segment. Founded as a single location in Canada in 1964, Tim Hortons appeals to a broad range of guest tastes, with a menu that includes premium coffee, hot and cold specialty drinks, (including Cold Brew with cold foam, hot and iced lattes, our famous Iced Capp® beverages, TimsBoost energy infusions, and Tim Hortons Refreshers), baked goods, hot breakfast sandwiches, breakfast snacking items and other food products. Tim Hortons has more than 6,000 systemwide restaurants located in Canada, the United States and around the world. More information about the company is available at timhortons.com.
After we announced the signing of Jamaica international Taylor Hinds, take a look at a selection of the best photos from her first day back in London Colney.
Our new forward arrived at the Sobha Realty Training Centre to put pen to paper on her contract, get a tour of the facilities from Renee Slegers and complete her media responsibilities.
Enjoy a behind-the-scenes glimpse by flicking through the gallery below.
Taylor Hinds’ first day back at Arsenal
Copyright 2025 The Arsenal Football Club Limited. Permission to use quotations from this article is granted subject to appropriate credit being given to www.arsenal.com as the source.
The Mexican boxer Julio César Chávez Jr was a henchman for the Sinaloa drugs cartel and used his skills to pummel rival gang members “like a punchbag” before his recent arrest in the US, prosecutors in Mexico have alleged.
Chávez, 39, son of legendary world boxing champion Julio César Chávez Sr and himself a former middleweight titleholder, was arrested in California on Tuesday by US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (Ice) agents, who cited cartel affiliations, multiple criminal convictions and an active arrest warrant in Mexico for weapons trafficking and organized crime.
Deportation proceedings are under way, Ice officials have said.
The new details of his alleged crimes in Mexico were revealed in an indictment issued Friday by the country’s office of the attorney general (abbreviated FGR for its Spanish name) – and reported by the newspaper Reforma via the online outlet mimorelia.com.
The court filing states that Chávez was in the service of Néstor Ernesto Pérez Salas, a leader of the Sinaloa cartel known as El Nini, who directed him to beat rival gang members his group had captured.
Salas would order the victims to be tied up then hanged from a ceiling, and Chávez Jr – who married the mother of a granddaughter of imprisoned Sinaloa cartel boss Joaquin “El Chapo” Guzmán – would be directed to beat them as if they were punchbags he used during training for his boxing career, the document alleges.
The information, the FGR said, came from phone calls intercepted between December 2021 and June 2022 using wiretaps.
Additional evidence, including immigration records, was obtained from the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and Ice. According to immigration authorities, Chávez entered the US in August 2023 on a legally held visa, but it expired in February 2024.
Chávez then applied for legal permanent US residency based on his marriage to Frida Muñoz, an American citizen.
Muñoz’s prior relationship with one of El Chapo’s sons drew scrutiny from US officials. Though she has not been charged with any crime, in December 2024, Chávez was reportedly flagged in internal DHS documents as an “egregious public safety threat”, though his removal from the US was not prioritized.
Despite that assessment and a criminal record dating back more than a decade, Chávez was allowed re-entry into the US at the San Ysidro port of entry in California in January under a discretionary parole process approved by Joe Biden’s outgoing presidential administration.
Chávez had been convicted of driving while intoxicated in California in 2012. And in January 2024, he was convicted of illegal possession of an assault weapon and manufacturing or importing a short-barreled rifle.
Chávez’s most notable sporting feat was winning the World Boxing Council’s version of the middleweight title in June 2011. The native of Culiacán, Sinaloa, successfully defended it four times before losing it in September 2012.
His arrest on 2 July occurred in Studio City, a Los Angeles neighborhood known for its celebrity residences. He was detained five days after he lost to Jake Paul, the YouTuber turned boxer, in a lucrative, heavily promoted fight in Anaheim reported to have taken in $1.5m in gate receipts alone.
The Trump administration has designated the Sinaloa cartel as a foreign terrorist organization.
After Chávez’s arrest, Tricia McLaughlin, the assistant secretary of the DHS, criticized the Biden administration for not expelling or detaining him, despite an active arrest warrant for trafficking guns, ammunition and explosives.
“It is shocking the previous administration flagged this criminal illegal alien as a public safety threat but chose to not prioritize his removal and let him leave and come back into our country,” she said in a statement.
McLaughlin’s statement said Chávez’s status as a “world-famous” athlete meant nothing to the Trump administration.
“Our message to any cartel affiliates in the US is clear: We will find you and you will face consequences,” the statement said. “The days of unchecked cartel violence are over.”
In its own statement, the Chávez family expressed “total and unconditional support” for Julio Jr, who the document described as “a son, a father and a human who has grappled with multiple challenges in his personal and professional life”.
“We are completely confident in his innocence and quality as a human – as well as in the justice systems of both Mexico and the US,” the family’s statement said. “We hope this situation will resolve itself according to the law and the truth.”
On his X account over the weekend, Chávez’s father – now a well-known commentator – republished a post from another user that asserted Julio Jr was in rehab.
The post that the elder Chávez republished also denied Julio Jr belonged to a cartel.
Recent guidance from the World Health Organization (WHO) and American Psychiatric Association (APA) has finally acknowledged the risks of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). These organizations focus on ensuring that patients receive informed consent, acknowledging the risks of long-term memory loss and other health concerns due to the procedure, and recommend against the use of ECT in children.
But this has stirred up ECT promoters like Joseph Cooper and colleagues, who published a recent opinion piece in The Lancet Psychiatry defending ECT. Yet according to other researchers (published the same day, also in The Lancet Psychiatry), Cooper et al. cherry-pick data and ignore the large body of research on ECT’s harms. Worse, Cooper et al. “directly oppose” the principle of informed consent, according to their critics.
The critics were led by Michelle Funk, a key figure in WHO’s mental health policy, and also included ECT survivors like Sarah Price Hancock, and researchers like John Read.
“Denying people full information and the right to make autonomous decisions not only violates their rights but also reinforces stigma and disempowerment. We stand by the guidance developed with the input of leading experts and its call for legislation grounded in human rights,” write Funk et al.
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ECT, or “electroshock,” is a controversial procedure that involves electrocuting the brain to deliberately induce seizures. There is no consensus on how this might reduce mental health problems. The procedure results in adverse cognitive effects that can last for years, including persistent memory loss in over a third of patients. Life-threatening cardiac problems are also common, even in those with no history of heart problems.
Although opinion pieces claim that ECT is a life-saving procedure, the data to support its effectiveness simply isn’t there. Instead, studies show that after receiving treatment, people who receive ECT are 45 times more likely to die by suicide than the general population. When compared to those with the same severity of mental health problems, a study of over 70,000 veterans found no difference between those who received ECT and those who did not.
Researchers have noted that only 11 placebo-controlled studies of ECT’s effectiveness for depression have ever been conducted, and all took place prior to 1985. None were double-blind. Fewer than half (4 out of 11) of these small, old, biased studies found ECT to beat placebo.
In a 2020 study, researchers including Read as well as renowned Harvard researcher Irving Kirsch concluded that “there is no evidence that ECT is effective for its target demographic—older women, or its target diagnostic group—severely depressed people, or for suicidal people, people who have unsuccessfully tried other treatments first, involuntary patients, or adolescents.”
Funk et al.’s Response to Cooper et al.
According to Funk and colleagues, Cooper et al. cite a misleading 1994 paper to suggest that ECT does not cause brain damage. Yet, Funk et al. write, “the study provides no direct support for this claim, shows no improvement in brain function, and in fact reports structural brain changes that might be maladaptive, contradicting the authors’ interpretation of these changes as inherently beneficial.”
Cooper et al. also cite a single study with no control group to suggest that people are overwhelmingly happy with receiving ECT, even when forced to receive it without informed consent. However, Funk et al. note that the majority of research debunks this claim—for instance, a systematic literature review combining various studies that found long-lasting dissatisfaction, side effects, and trauma as a result of ECT.
Beyond cherry-picking single studies to make their case, while ignoring the majority of ECT research, Cooper et al. also rail against WHO’s ethical complaints. Funk et al. note that the APA and the UK’s NICE are particularly concerned about the effects of electrocuting and causing seizures in the developing brains of children; evidence suggests this can be even more detrimental than it is for adults. Cooper et al. disagree, trotting out the old unsupported notion that ECT saves children from suicide.
Another moral issue: WHO guidance has compared forced treatment to torture and suggested that individuals have the right to a say in their own medical care and should be told of potential risks and benefits. Again, Cooper et al. disagree, taking the paternalistic attitude that doctors should not provide informed consent and should not give patients a say in what they do to their bodies. Instead, ECT should be forced and patients should not be warned of potential risks, lest they try to avoid the procedure.
Funk et al. write, “The safety, ethics, and effectiveness of ECT remain contested around the world and among top authorities in the field. We call on Cooper and colleagues to align their position with the scientific evidence and human rights standards. Informed consent, safeguards, and respect for autonomy are not barriers, they are the foundation of ethical care.”
****
Funk, M., Drew, N., Pathare, S., Encalada, A. V., McGovern, P., Hancock, S. P., & Read, J. (2025). Electroconvulsive therapy: reaffirming the case for caution, consent, and rights. The Lancet Psychiatry. Published on June 23, 2025. DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(25)00192-0 (Link)
