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  • Gold price per tola falls Rs2,300 in Pakistan – Markets

    Gold price per tola falls Rs2,300 in Pakistan – Markets

    Gold prices in Pakistan declined on Friday in line with their decrease in the international market. In the local market, gold price per tola reached Rs356,700 after a loss of Rs2,300 during the day.

    As per the rates shared by the All-Pakistan Gems and Jewellers Sarafa Association (APGJSA), 10-gram gold was sold at Rs305,812 after it shed Rs1,972.

    On Thursday, gold price per tola reached Rs359,000 after a loss of Rs5,900 during the day.

    The international rate of gold decreased on Friday. As per APGJSA, the rate was at $3,340 per ounce (with a premium of $20), a loss of $23.

    Meanwhile, silver price per tola decreased by Rs34 to settle at Rs4,023.

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  • A satellite just used AI to make its own decisions in space

    A satellite just used AI to make its own decisions in space

    For the first time, a satellite has used onboard AI to autonomously decide where and when to capture a scientific image — all in under 90 seconds, with no human input.

    The technology, called Dynamic Targeting, was tested by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) earlier this month. It was installed aboard a briefcase-sized satellite built and operated by UK-based startup Open Cosmos, and carried a machine learning processor developed by Dublin-based firm Ubotica.  

    In the test, the satellite tilted forward to scan 500km ahead of its orbit and snapped a preview image. Ubotica’s AI quickly analysed the scene to check for cloud cover. If the skies were clear, the satellite tilted back to take a detailed photo of the surface. If clouds obscured the view, it skipped the shot — saving time, storage, and bandwidth.

    “If you can be smart about what you’re taking pictures of, then you only image the ground and skip the clouds,”  said Ben Smith of JPL, which funds the Dynamic Targeting work. “This technology will help scientists get a much higher proportion of usable data.”

    Brian Quinn, chief strategy officer at Ubotica, said that until now, satellites have merely acted as passive data collectors. They image whatever happens to be beneath them and beam all that data — useful or not — back to Earth. Scientists then sort through the backlog.

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    “It takes post-processing, which could be days later, to say, ‘Hey, there was a fire. Hey, there was a harmful algal bloom’,” said Quinn in an article published on NASA’s website earlier this year. 

    NASA, Ubotica, and OpenCosmos say the system could also be expanded to spot wildfires, volcanic eruptions, and severe storms faster than ever before from space. 

    The recent test builds on previous partnerships involving the three parties. In 2021, Ubotica demonstrated real-time AI cloud detection aboard the International Space Station (ISS) as part of a broader research collaboration with JPL. Then, in 2024, Open Cosmos launched HAMMER, an AI-powered satellite equipped with a hyperspectral camera and Ubotica’s machine learning processor.

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  • Gold rates in Pakistan slips to Rs356,700 per Tola after losing Rs8,200 This Week

    Gold rates in Pakistan slips to Rs356,700 per Tola after losing Rs8,200 This Week

    KARACHI – Gold prices witnessed another drop in both local and international markets, but the price remains near all all-time high.

    On Friday, the single tola of gold rate dropped by Rs2,300 to Rs356,700 while price of 10 grams also saw notable decrease of Rs1,972, now priced at Rs. 305,812.

    Gold Rates in Pakistan Today

    Gold Quantity New Price Price Change
    1 Tola Rs. 356,700 -Rs. 2,300
    10 Grams Rs. 305,812 -Rs. 1,972

    Gold Price This Week

    • 23 July: Rs. 364,900

    • 22 July: Rs. 361,200

    • 21 July: Rs. 361,200

    • 18 July: Rs. 357,600

    • 17 July: Rs. 355,100

    • 16 July: Rs. 356,000

    • 15 July: Rs. 359,000

    Globally, gold prices dipped by $23 per ounce, currently standing at $3,340 per ounce. Silver followed a similar trajectory, with one tola losing Rs. 34 in value, settling at Rs. 4,023.

    Market analysts attribute the decline to shifting global demand and cautious investor behavior amid persistent economic uncertainty.

    Gold Kicks Off Week with Big Jump in Pakistan; Check New Rates

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  • How to watch two meteor showers peak together in late July – SFGATE

    1. How to watch two meteor showers peak together in late July  SFGATE
    2. How to watch this summer’s double meteor shower  The Independent
    3. Sky this week: Southern Delta Aquariids peak as Pluto, Venus, Mars and the Moon put on a show over Wausau  NewsBreak: Local News & Alerts
    4. Viewing Late July Meteor Showers  American Meteor Society
    5. These 3 meteor showers are happening in late July: What to know  MSN

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  • Indiana Fever Sign Chloe Bibby to Seven-Day Contract

    Indiana Fever Sign Chloe Bibby to Seven-Day Contract

    Indiana Fever Sign Chloe Bibby to Seven-Day Contract

    Fri, Jul 25, 2025, 10:00 AM

    Australian forward most recently played with Golden State Valkyries

    INDIANAPOLIS (July 25, 2025) — The Indiana Fever have signed Australian forward Chloe Bibby to a seven-day contract, the team announced today.

    Bibby most recently featured with the Golden State Valkyries, with two stints during the 2025 season. During the preseason Bibby appeared in two games, averaging 5.0 points and 1.5 rebounds per game. After re-signing with the Valkyries on June 15, Bibby played five games with the team before being waived on June 30. During her second stint with the team, Bibby averaged 6.4 points and 2.8 rebounds per game.

    Earlier this month, Bibby helped lead her national team, the Australia Opals, to a gold medal in the 2025 FIBA Women’s Asia World Cup. Two years prior, Bibby also guided the Opals to a bronze medal in the 2022 FIBA World Cup in Sydney.

    Bibby also has extensive overseas experience, including being named the Polish League MVP while with the AZS AJP Gorzow Wielkopolski in the 2023-24 season, and MVP of the Liga Femenina de Baloncesto in Spain with the Spar Girona in the 2024-25 season.

    The Indiana Fever are set to face the Chicago Sky on Sunday, July 27, at 3 p.m. ET at the United Center

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  • How to watch two meteor showers peak together in late July – Seattle Post-Intelligencer

    1. How to watch two meteor showers peak together in late July  Seattle Post-Intelligencer
    2. These 3 meteor showers are happening in late July: What to know  ABC News
    3. What time is the new moon tonight? Here’s when to watch Delta Aquariids meteor shower  Yahoo Home
    4. Delta Aquariid meteor shower hits peak visibility  The News International
    5. Season of Meteor Showers  The Vineyard Gazette

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  • Progress and Challenges in the Global Elimination of Viral Hepatitis

















  • Viral hepatitis remains a major global public health threat. Five principal types of hepatitis viruses — designated A, B, C, D, and E — each cause liver disease but differ significantly in transmission routes, clinical severity, and prevention strategies. Chronic infections from hepatitis B and C viruses represent the leading causes of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and viral hepatitis-related mortality. According to World Health Organization (WHO) estimates (1), approximately 254 million people were living with chronic hepatitis B in 2022, with 50 million affected by hepatitis C (Figure 1). The estimated number of new viral hepatitis infections declined from 3 million in 2019 to 2.2 million in 2022 (23), including 1.2 million hepatitis B cases and nearly 1 million hepatitis C cases. By the end of 2022, nearly 7 million patients were receiving hepatitis B treatment, while 12.5 million had undergone hepatitis C therapy (23). Nevertheless, viral hepatitis still caused around 1.3 million deaths annually (Figure 1) (4), with low- and middle-income countries bearing the heaviest burden — accounting for over 85% of global hepatitis-related mortality.









    Figure 1. 

    Trends in incidence and mortality of hepatitis B and C, 2015–2025.





    July 28, 2025 marks the 15th anniversary of World Hepatitis Day. World Hepatitis Day was established through Resolution WHA63.18 at the 63rd World Health Assembly in 2010. July 28 was chosen to honor Dr. Baruch Blumberg’s birthday, the scientist who discovered the hepatitis B virus. The establishment of World Hepatitis Day aimed to unify regional hepatitis awareness campaigns under a single global observance. This decision carried profound significance: 1) Consolidating previously fragmented regional hepatitis awareness initiatives; 2) Creating a platform for coordinated global action; 3) Catalyzing the inclusion of hepatitis elimination in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Today, World Hepatitis Day stands as 1 of the most influential global public health advocacy campaigns, engaging over 100 countries annually. The theme for World Hepatitis Day 2025 is “Hepatitis: Let’s Break It Down”, which urges immediate measures to eliminate economic, societal, and structural obstacles — including stigma — that hinder the eradication of hepatitis and prevention of liver cancer.
















  • This initial phase concentrated on establishing foundational education initiatives and comprehensive awareness campaigns. The primary objective was to create a unified global advocacy framework that could effectively disseminate hepatitis knowledge through diverse communication channels. A pivotal achievement occurred in 2012 when WHO launched its inaugural Global Hepatitis Strategy, formally incorporating hepatitis prevention and control measures into the international health agenda.











  • The 2016 Global Health Sector Strategy established ambitious 2030 elimination targets, catalyzing significant global progress. Key achievements during this period included: 1) Global three-dose hepatitis B vaccine coverage increased substantially from 82% to 87%; 2) Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) demonstrated remarkable efficacy with cure rates exceeding 95% for hepatitis C; 3) Thirty countries developed comprehensive national elimination plans aligned with the 2030 goals of achieving a 90% reduction in new infections and 65% reduction in mortality (5).











  • The period following 2021 witnessed unprecedented momentum in global hepatitis elimination efforts (Figure 2), marked by several transformative breakthroughs: 1) WHO’s updated treatment guidelines in 2023 streamlined clinical protocols and enhanced treatment accessibility; 2) Egypt achieved a historic milestone by becoming the first country to receive WHO elimination certification in 2024; 3) Gavi’s expanded funding cycle launched in 2024 propelled global hepatitis B vaccine coverage beyond the critical 90% threshold by 2025 (6). The cumulative impact of these initiatives is reflected in treatment scale-up: between 2014 and 2023, an estimated 12,748,000 hepatitis C patients received DAAs treatment (7).









    Figure 2. 

    Progress towards global viral hepatitis targets.














  • Global hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence among children under 5 years has achieved the 2025 target of ≤0.5% (2,8); universal coverage of safe injection practices has been attained (9); mother-to-child transmission prevention demonstrates success rates exceeding 97% (8).











  • DAAs treatment costs have decreased to $75 per capita in low- and middle-income countries (4); novel hepatitis B therapeutics, including RNA interference (RNAi) therapies, are advancing through Phase III clinical trials; cumulative global hepatitis C treatments continue to increase annually. By 2025, the estimated cumulative number of individuals treated for hepatitis C worldwide reaches approximately 23–25 million.











  • High-sensitivity point-of-care testing (POCT) tools have gained widespread adoption, substantially improving screening efficiency in primary care settings. For instance, the enhanced sensitivity of HBsAg testing technologies has established this marker as a critical surveillance indicator for hepatitis B infection in pediatric populations. Multiple countries have implemented comprehensive national hepatitis registries and databases, integrating epidemiological surveillance data with treatment records. These systems facilitate real-time monitoring of elimination progress through validated mathematical models (e.g., the WHO framework), providing robust evidence for policy refinement and strategic adjustments.











  • An increasing number of countries are implementing comprehensive national elimination plans; hepatitis testing is progressively being incorporated into national health insurance coverage systems.
















  • Global diagnosis rates remain critically below established targets. As of 2022, only 13% of chronic hepatitis B cases worldwide had received a diagnosis (2). Between 2015 and 2022, merely 36% of hepatitis C cases were identified globally (3), representing a substantial shortfall from the 2030 target of 90%. Low-income countries face particularly severe diagnostic capacity constraints, with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing available in only a limited number of healthcare facilities. Testing access remains inequitable: rural and marginalized populations encounter significant barriers to diagnostic services, with cost, geographic distance, and social stigmatization serving as primary obstacles.











  • Treatment accessibility demonstrates stark geographic and economic disparities. While coverage rates remain relatively high in high-income countries, patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face substantial barriers to medication access. By the end of 2022, only 3% of chronic hepatitis B patients globally had received antiviral therapy. Similarly, just 20% of hepatitis C patients underwent curative treatment during 2015–2022. Primary barriers include prohibitive drug pricing, supply chain disruptions, and insufficient capacity within primary healthcare delivery systems.











  • Novel diagnostic tools demonstrate limited penetration at the primary care level. Portable technologies such as POCT and dried blood spot (DBS) sampling remain poorly integrated into national procurement systems, with healthcare facilities continuing to rely on traditional laboratory-based approaches. Digital follow-up systems show inadequate coverage: Long-term patient management frequently depends on paper-based records, resulting in elevated loss-to-follow-up rates. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted screening tools have not been incorporated into primary healthcare systems. Technology deployment faces significant barriers: Constraints in electrical infrastructure, internet connectivity, and training resources impede the implementation of innovative technologies in resource-limited settings.












  • The theme for China’s 2025 World Hepatitis Day — “Societal Co-governance for Hepatitis Elimination” — addresses core challenges through targeted solutions: 1) Diagnosis-Treatment Gap: Establishing an integrated ‘Screening-Diagnosis-Treatment-Management’ system through efficient screening protocols and tiered clinical management. 2) Immunization Protection Gap: Implementing precision interventions targeting high-risk adult populations. 3) Innovative Therapy Access: Accelerating functional cure protocols by expediting novel drug approvals and establishing clinical cure clinic networks. 4) Stigma Elimination & Social Mobilization: Advancing the ‘co-governance’ paradigm through multi-stakeholder engagement. 5) Policy Safeguards: Integrating hepatitis B virus (HBV) innovative therapies and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) early detection into national insurance coverage, establishing unified electronic hepatitis registries for real-time surveillance, and prioritizing grassroots resource allocation.







    Aligned with the global 2025 theme “Hepatitis: Let’s Break It Down”, strategic recommendations emphasize dismantling structural barriers through 1) Innovative Screening Approaches: Establishing coordinated networks between community self-testing and centralized screening, promoting community self-testing technologies, optimizing centralized screening processes, and implementing a “three-step screening” collaborative mechanism (community initial screening, institutional fine screening, and hierarchical management); 2) Optimized Treatment Strategies: Advancing from pan-genotypic drugs to hepatitis B cure, optimizing pan-genotypic DAAs for hepatitis C research and application, and developing innovative functional cure protocols for hepatitis B; 3) Improved Resource Allocation: Constructing distribution systems for regional collaboration and international cooperation, establishing mechanisms for regional drug reserves and sharing, and innovating international cooperation through expanded drug patent pools, North–South cooperation production models, cross-border medical collaboration networks, and integrated diagnostic and treatment assistance; 4) Enhanced Technological Innovation: Developing rapid diagnostic equipment suitable for primary care settings, including portable non-invasive diagnostic devices, microfluidic chips and biosensing technology for grassroots applications, and artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic systems; 5) Robust Monitoring and Evaluation: Constructing real-time dynamic monitoring systems, establishing multidimensional effectiveness evaluation frameworks, implementing quality continuous improvement mechanisms through “evaluation-feedback-optimization” cycles, and ensuring close integration between monitoring, evaluation, and policy adjustments.





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  • The best tool to protect your home from fires and floods might be in your pocket.

    The best tool to protect your home from fires and floods might be in your pocket.

    Sign up for the Slatest to get the most insightful analysis, criticism, and advice out there, delivered to your inbox daily.

    Chris Heinrich will never forget the winter day he and his family evacuated their home in Altadena, California, as a vertical wall of flame was slowly bearing down on their neighborhood from the mountains. “It was dark,” he told Slate. “There was no internet, my daughter was crying, the wind was blowing.”

    Even as the fires approached, he said, he didn’t really believe that their house would burn. This was, after all, Los Angeles County—the fire department was well prepared, and a network of concrete roads separated the dry, flammable forests from most of the residential areas. But the next day, he got a text from a neighbor: “It’s all gone.”

    Heinrich’s home was one of more than 18,000 structures destroyed in January’s devastating L.A. wildfires. Unlike many houses in the state, however, it wasn’t completely erased—at least not physically: A painstakingly rendered 3D version survived on Heinrich’s laptop.

    Heinrich, a physicist turned entrepreneur, is the CEO and co-founder of tech company Polycam, which makes an app that transforms smartphone cameras into 3D lidar (short for light detection and ranging) scanners. Essentially, lidar works like radar, except it bounces beams of light instead of radio waves off surfaces to generate a 3D picture. In the weeks leading up to the fires, Heinrich said, he had been testing a suite of new features for the app, making his house “probably the most 3D-scanned home on Earth.” Now those scans have become invaluable proof for his family’s insurance claim.

    A handful of other homeowners across L.A. have been able to refer to similar 3D reconstructions for insurance purposes; some even plan to repurpose their scans as blueprints to rebuild their houses. As climate change continues to exacerbate disasters like wildfires, hurricanes, and tornadoes, such technology may soon become the best way for homeowners to document their lives and possessions. Scientists and archivists have even begun applying the tech to digitally preserve historic sites vulnerable to extreme weather. Although the tech is typically used by civil engineers for mapping, and by autonomous vehicles such as Tesla’s robotaxis, it may just be one of the most useful tools to emerge during the age of climate disaster.

    Stephanie Lin is the vice president of Matterport, a California-based company specializing in 3D-capture cameras. Though Matterport’s lidar technology was originally developed to help real estate agents give virtual property tours, over the years it has also proved indispensable for homeowners faced with climate catastrophe. “Communities were not built with this kind of extreme weather in mind,” Lin told me. “This gives you forensic backup.”

    Lidar has been around since the 1960s. It was originally deployed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research to track and measure clouds for more-accurate weather predictions. NASA’s Apollo mission even used it to map regions of the moon. But those early systems were large, expensive, and cumbersome. Even into the 2000s, lidar cameras remained prohibitively pricey for the average person.

    Then companies like Polycam, Matterport, and their competitor Docusketch enabled cameras or smartphones—a technology that most people already have on hand—to act as lidar scanners. Most smartphone cameras released in the past five years are equipped with tiny lasers to improve functions like autofocus, and lidar-scanning apps simply repurpose these existing features. That’s a huge time-saver for insurance agents or restoration specialists looking to appraise a property.

    David Ma, of Rainbow Restoration in Alberta, Canada, has been using phone-based lidar to scan damaged structures for a couple of years. He told me he previously had to do that work by hand, taking photos and copious notes. “That could all potentially take four or five hours,” Ma said. Now “we’re able to scan an entire home in probably 20 minutes.”

    In addition to saving time, digital preservation is becoming increasingly relevant in a world plagued by climate catastrophe. This extends beyond our homes and personal possessions. “We live in a future that is changing radically because of anthropogenic climate change,” Eira Tansey, an archivist and founder of archival services consultancy Memory Rising, told Slate. “That sort of demands that archivists rethink some of our long-held practices.”

    Much of Tansey’s work involves digitizing documents from physical structures, such as property records, floor plans, and blueprints. These papers are important from a historical perspective—but they’re also critical for things like home insurance.

    When Hurricane Sandy slammed into the East Coast in 2012, it caused billions of dollars in property damage and all but wiped some small towns off the map. Among them was the township of Brick, New Jersey. Brick’s local government had begun investing in a digital archive system six years prior to scan and digitize physical documents. In the wake of the storm, the township was able to present these digital records to the Federal Emergency Management Agency, as well as to state disaster management, insurance adjusters, and engineering firms, to obtain over $14 million in recovery funds. Cases like this, Tansey says, highlight the need for detailed virtual records.

    Lidar scans can add an extra layer of information to these existing documents. While digitized floor plans can give a sense of a structure’s size and layout, interior scans actually generate a picture of what the inside of a building looked like, down to the furniture, the appliances, and the art on the walls.

    That aspect was essential for Ethan Goldspier, a Polycam employee whose home in the Palisades also burned down in the L.A. fires. Goldspier’s insurance company required proof of lost personal property in order to reimburse his family for it—an expensive couch, for example, or fancy appliances. Having 3D scans that captured the full inventory of each room enormously expedited what could have been a long, drawn-out process. “If you have a digital representation, there’s no argument,” he told me. “The proof is right there.”

    This aspect of lidar scanning makes it appealing to researchers documenting delicate archaeological sites. Matterport, for example, has been used to examine the interior of several Egyptian pyramids. Andrew Law, a sociologist at Newcastle University in the U.K., has used lidar mapping to digitally preserve structures along China’s Yangtze River that were threatened or wiped out by extensive damming. “It offers us a chance to conserve things that were already destroyed,” he said.

    Of course, technologies like Matterport and Polycam aren’t perfect. Users have to make sure their scans are in focus and thorough enough to paint a clear representation of their home. And simply having a 3D digital replica of a structure doesn’t mean you can bring it back. The ground on which it stood might be too damaged or waterlogged to rebuild, and the prospect of future disasters may deter insurance companies from providing coverage again.

    This is becoming a problem in California. Six months before the L.A. fires, Heinrich’s previous insurance company dropped his family’s fire policy. Fortunately, he found comprehensive new coverage after a few weeks, but thousands of other Californians have not been so lucky.

    There is a cost trade-off as well. While Matterport’s basic kit starts at $149, its most expensive bundle is upward of $9,000. Polycam is free to download, but the phone app offers a somewhat less detailed virtual re-creation compared with a dedicated 3D-capture camera.

    For Heinrich and Goldspier, peering inside the digital ghost of their homes has been a bittersweet experience. Both are glad the records exist. They’ve made the insurance claim infinitely easier, and Goldspier eventually plans to use them as a blueprint to help rebuild. But the process has taken an emotional toll.

    “This is like the death of a house … you can’t replace the memories you had there,” Heinrich said. “It’s hard and sad to see.”


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  • Senegal becomes 56th country to sign Artemis Accords for peaceful space exploration

    Senegal becomes 56th country to sign Artemis Accords for peaceful space exploration

    Senegal has officially joined the Artemis Accords, becoming the 56th nation and the fourth African country to commit to a shared vision for peaceful and transparent space exploration.

    The signing ceremony was held at NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C. on Thursday (July 24), where Maram Kairé, Director-General of the Senegalese Space Study Agency (ASES), signed the Artemis Accords alongside Senegal’s Ambassador to the United States, Abdoul Wahab Haidara. NASA Chief of Staff Brian Hughes and State Department official Jonathan Pratt represented the U.S.

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  • Janome Unveils New Memory Craft Embroidery Machine Line

    Janome Unveils New Memory Craft Embroidery Machine Line