Blog

  • Young Researchers Featured at Conference of Society for Digital Mental Health

    Young Researchers Featured at Conference of Society for Digital Mental Health

    The fourth annual virtual conference of the Society for Digital Mental Health (SDMH), June 9-10, 2025, featured presentations and panel discussions on innovative online therapeutics, and on policy affecting their approval, access, and application.

    Investigations by students and young researchers were also presented, with these 5 recognized by the organizing committee as best of conference.

    Assessing Acceptance in Minorities

    While digital therapeutics has the potential to increase access to mental health care, 3 of the featured studies examined how access to, as well as acceptance of, the technology can be problematic for minority groups.

    Sigdha Kamarsu, Anxiety Research, Treatment, and Technology (ARTT) Lab, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, presented their investigation1 into whether sexual and gender minority groups encounter additional or different barriers than majority group peers. The investigators applied standardized, self-report measures of attitudes towards psychological online intervention with internet based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) and perceived barriers to psychological treatment. The cohort of 632 participants was grouped into women, men, and gender-queer categories, with sexual orientation categorized as heterosexual, lesbian/gay/bisexual (LGB), and other sexual minority identities (OSMI).

    Kamarsu reported that concerns about lack of personal contact when using iCBT were greater for gender-queer individuals compared with men and women, and greater for OSMI compared with heterosexual individuals. OSMI individuals indicated greater confidence in the effectiveness of iCBT than LGB individuals.

    “Our results corroborate our hypothesis that sexual and gender minority individuals experience greater negative attitudes, greater attitudinal barriers, and greater practical barriers than their majority group peers,” Kamarsu indicated.

    Taylor Myers-Brower, Program for Anxiety, Cognition and Treatment (PACT) Lab, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, described their efforts to culturally tailor MindTrails, a cognitive bias modification program targeting anxious thinking patterns, for Latinx Spanish-speaking individuals.

    Eleven treatment-seeking participants provided feedback on a Spanish version of the app over a course of 3 interviews. Factors considered in the interviews varied from technical issues, sources of confusion and the domain of discrimination, to variables affecting engagement and suggestions on personalizing content. The investigators used the feedback to guide iterative changes to the app.

    “Early findings suggest positive impressions of a culturally-tailored MindTrails app and highlight potential enhancements to better address the needs of the target audience,” Myers-Brower reported.

    Olive Chung-Hui Huang, Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Ontario, Canada reported on a single arm clinical trial3 conducted with the Center for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario that investigated how adoption and acceptability of mindfulness-based apps are affected by social determinants of health such as race, gender, and education.

    A mindfulness-based app was provided to a cohort of 183 treatment-seeking adults (65% women, 38.5% sexual minority, 36.1% Black, indigenous, or People of Color [BIPOC], and 35.5% without college education).In the 1-month trial and 3-month follow-up, adoption was indicated by completion of any in-app exercises, acceptability of the app was assessed by questionnaire, engagement was reflected in the number of app exercises completed and the number of minutes in meditation, and attrition was determined from the number of assessments left uncompleted.

    Huang reported finding that women, sexual minorities, and below-college educated individuals were more likely to engage with a mindfulness app, and BIPOC persons tended toward less engagement. She anticipates that their future research will “evaluate how mindfulness apps meet the needs of BIPOC or non-binary individuals, and the capacity for apps to be more gender-, trauma-, or culturally-informed.”

    Adopting AI and ML

    Tyler Schmitt, University of Pittsburgh, reported progress on a project4 utilizing a youth research collaborative to validate machine learning (ML) classifiers of social media content. Their goals included identifying social media interactions that expose youth to loneliness and social isolation and developing a mitigating algorithm to improve connectedness and social support.

    “Loneliness and perceived isolation are linked to disproportionately higher rates of mental health problems in marginalized youth,” Schmitt related. “These youth may use social media to seek support and connectedness that they cannot find offline.”

    The youth collaborative of 14 participants was constituted in partnership with 3 Pittsburgh-based community organizations serving Black, Latinx, and LGBTQ+ youth. The youth held monthly meetings, alternating between in-person and online, that focused on the 4 key concepts of loneliness, social isolation, connectedness, and social support.

    “Our youth research partners married research-informed theory and their personal experiences to create working definitions of mental health risk and protective factors that they will use to validate ML classifiers of social media content,” Schmitt explained.

    The project is ongoing, with 11 meetings held as of the presentation, of which 9 directly focused on the stated goals. To this point, the project has established consensus on which parts of the working definitions were accurate and identified gaps in the working definitions to be further analyzed in building ML parameters.

    Steven Siddals, King’s College London, London, UK, described the experiences of 19 study5 participants using generative AI chatbots, like ChatGPT, for mental health issues ranging from symptoms of anxiety and depression to distress over romantic relationships, dealing with loss, and resolving stress and conflict. Siddals et al compared experiences of participants using rule-based chatbots to those using generative AI chatbots and between generative AI chatbots and therapist-guided treatment.

    Utilizing semi-structured interviews and reflexive thematic analysis, the investigators derived 4 themes from the reported experiences: emotional sanctuary (validating, nonjudgmental); insightful guidance (valued advice, new perspectives); joy of connection (human-like companionship beyond traditional apps); and “AI Therapist” (augmented therapy, creative new uses). Within these 4 themes, the investigators noted caveats: for emotional sanctuary, appropriate guardrails could be absent; for insightful guidance, there could be insufficient challenge; for joy of connection, it could have been more accessible; and the “AI Therapist” did not lead the process.

    In comparing the reported experiences with rule-based vs generative AI chatbots, Siddals related that the former was perceived “more predictable,” “more explainable,” and to have lower risk of bias; while the latter appeared to have “better engagement,” “deeper understanding,” “more flexibility,” and to offer “better quality advice.”

    Comparing the experiences with generative AI chatbots to those with clinician-guided treatment, the former was valued by users for around-the-clock availability, lower cost, feeling “less judgmental,” and offering “creative new uses.” In comparison to the bot, the human clinician could lead the process and provide real human connection, and was appreciated for providing “deeper empathy” and “sense of commitment.”

    In an earlier published report6 on this study, the investigators addressed the safety concern with generative AI chatbots accessed by users in crisis. They relate that several of the study participants experienced meaningful crisis support from generative AI, and they advocate for its use in these circumstances as long as guard rails remain in the algorithm.

    While acknowledging that early generative AI chatbots had tragically supported users in dying by suicide, Siddals and colleagues argue against “underestimating the capabilities of generative AI to respond to crisis, and…limiting those capabilities at the times that matter most.”

    Dr Bender reports on medical innovations and advances in practice and edits presentations for news and professional education publications. He previously taught and mentored pharmacy and medical students, and he provided and managed pharmacy care and drug information services.

    References

    1. Quirk HD, Anderson PL. Do sexual and gender minority (SGM) groups endorse different barriers and attitudes toward mental health treatment than majority group peers. Presented at annual conference of the Society of Digital Mental Health, June 9-10, 2025.

    2. Taylor L, Myers-Brower E, Englander-Fuentes E, et al. User perceptions of a culturally tailored digital cognitive bias modification for interpretation program for anxious Hispanic individuals. Presented at annual conference of the Society of Digital Mental Health, June 9-10, 2025.

    3. Huang O, Patel A, Daros A, et al. Social determinants of health are associated with differences in acceptability and engagement with a mindfulness app: Moderation by gender, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, educational attainment. Presented at annual conference of the Society of Digital Mental Health, June 9-10, 2025.

    4. Schmitt TN, Win E, Sreenivasan L, et al. Establishing a youth research collaborative to validate machine learning classifiers of social media content: Leveraging human centered design and youth research partnership. Presented at annual conference of the Society of Digital Mental Health, June 9-10, 2025.

    5. Siddals S, Torous J, Coxon A. ChatGPT for mental health? Start by listening to real-life stories. Presented at annual conference of the Society of Digital Mental Health, June 9-10, 2025.

    6. Siddals S, Torous J, Coxon A. “It happened to be the perfect thing”: experiences of generative AI chatbots for mental health. Npj Ment Health Res. 2024;3(1):48.

    Continue Reading

  • Was Thatcher right to ban ‘video nasties’? I binged Zombie Flesh Eaters and Slaughtered Vomit Dolls to find out | Horror films

    Was Thatcher right to ban ‘video nasties’? I binged Zombie Flesh Eaters and Slaughtered Vomit Dolls to find out | Horror films

    Later this month, the cult film service Arrow will do something that would once have plunged the UK into screaming fits of utter chaos. That’s right, it’s going to stream Zombie Flesh Eaters.

    The film comes with a tremendously confusing backstory. In Italy, George A Romero’s Dawn of the Dead was recut by Dario Argento and retitled Zombi. Zombi, no relation to Bambi, was such a success that a sequel was commissioned, using the script of an unmade movie entitled Nightmare Island. This film became Zombi 2. In the UK, Zombi 2 was renamed Zombie Flesh Eaters. And then it was banned.

    This was largely down to the campaign waged against so-called “video nasties” in the early 1980s. Driven by newspaper front pages screaming things like “BAN VIDEO SADISM NOW”, police officers began conducting raids on video shops, confiscating anything they saw as breaching the Obscene Publications Act.

    The confiscations felt arbitrary (in Slough, officers seized Dolly Parton’s The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, under the impression it was pornography), but eventually 39 films were successfully prosecuted under the act. Zombie Flesh Eaters was one of them. And now its unimaginable horrors are available to stream, uncut and in pin-sharp 4K.

    In truth, it’s been around for a while. Around the turn of the century, the BBFC loosened its regulations, and the banned films began to trickle out. Not all of them – 1969’s Nazi sex film Love Camp 7 is still routinely refused a certificate, as is the thematically similar Gestapo’s Last Orgy – but Zombie Flesh Eaters has been available to legally watch uncut for two decades now.

    More fleshed out … Cannibal Holocaust. Photograph: Ronald Grant Archive

    Which means that I probably should have watched it by now. After all, if you grew up in the 80s and 90s like I did, nothing gave a movie more cachet than being banned. All these films had a too-hot-for-TV thrill to them; if you weren’t allowed to watch them, they had to be good. And yet I never got around to watching Zombie Flesh Eaters.

    Turns out I didn’t need to bother. Not because the Thatcher government was right and the film has turned me into a depraved subversive, but because it lumbers on for ever, grinding through endless overlong, overacted dialogue scenes that go nowhere and do nothing. Admittedly there are hints of gleeful gore here and there. In one scene a woman’s eyeball is impaled, and there’s a tremendous underwater sequence with a zombie, a topless woman and what appears to be an actual live shark. Maybe there was some religious outrage that has lost its impact over the years (OK, a zombie does get its head caved in with a crucifix), but otherwise it contains nothing that wouldn’t be found in a workaday Game of Thrones episode.

    Would it get banned today? Unlikely. In an age where Damien Leone can release three Terrifier movies (where, variously, a man is chainsawed to death through his scrotum and a woman has a rat-filled pipe hammered down her throat), it’s practically daytime television. I grew up scared and fascinated by the prospect of Zombie Flesh Eaters corrupting my mind. Now that I have actually seen it, I’m afraid to report that Zombie Flesh Eaters is no Zombie Flesh Eaters.

    Were all the banned films like that? Has society moved on so much that everything we once feared would undo society has become unimaginably hokey? I decided to watch some of the other 39 films to find out. I started with the most notorious, John Alan Schwartz’s Faces of Death.

    Harrowing … Faces of Death. Photograph: Courtesy: John Felice

    No film was arguably bolstered more by a banning than Faces of Death. A mockumentary that combines unaired news footage with material shot for the film, Faces of Death presented itself as a compilation of every kind of death: accidents, executions, suicide, cannibalism. Back when nobody could see it, it sounded like a kind of aggressively violent precursor to You’ve Been Framed. But that isn’t what it is at all. It is, in fact, a harrowing look at human suffering. There’s Holocaust footage. There are starving children. There’s violence against animals (staged) and footage of body parts scattered across the ground following a plane crash (real). It is, to put it lightly, an incredible bummer to watch.

    Despite its reputation, Ruggero Deodato’s Cannibal Holocaust was slightly easier to watch. You can understand the nerves around releasing it – it features graphic sexual violence, and more than one scene of animals being killed – but at least it had the benefit of having an identifiable point of view. The film is a satire about cultural appropriation and media sensationalism, in which an American documentary crew travel to the Amazon rainforest and get in over their heads. Which in terms of intent puts it above a lot of the other banned films, but the execution muddles the message. After all, if you have to kill an animal to make a point about media sensationalism, you’ve already lost the argument.

    And then there’s Meir Zarchi’s I Spit on Your Grave, a film that lacks either the intellectual rigour of Cannibal Holocaust or the fun of Zombie Flesh Eaters. It is one of the least enjoyable films I have ever watched.

    I Spit on Your Grave is a film in which a woman exacts revenge against a group of men who gang rape her. It was banned in the UK, as well as in Canada, Iceland, Ireland, Norway and West Germany. This is likely due to the point of the film being the rape itself. So much time is dedicated to the rape sequence that the revenge part feels tacked on, as if it wants to trick you into thinking that it’s a feminist film. It’s worth pointing out that I Spit on Your Grave still hasn’t been released here uncut – some heavily eroticised rape scenes still contravene BBFC guidance – but the edited version available on Amazon Prime was still so unpleasant that it represents the only time I have ever welcomed the intrusion of interstitial ads.

    Sickening … Slaughtered Vomit Dolls. Photograph: MUBI

    And yet by modern standards, even these video nasties pale next to what is now circulating online. For the purposes of this feature, my editor ushered me towards a 2006 film called Slaughtered Vomit Dolls, part of Lucifer Valentine’s Vomit Gore trilogy, along with ReGOREgitated Sacrifice and Slow Torture Puke Chamber. A surreal satanist film about a woman with an eating disorder, Slaughtered Vomit Dolls contains scenes of torture and several scenes in which people vomit various fluids, some of which are gobbled straight back up. It was awful. If this was 1983, it would have been banned in a heartbeat.

    Because time has rendered Zombie Flesh Eaters so quaint, my assumption was that all the other banned films would be equally silly and kitschy. After all, we’re talking about a government so jumpy that it also banned the third word in the title of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. But that isn’t the case, since a lot of these films are still genuinely repellent. What has changed, though, is our attitude to them. Clearly, banning them only served to boost their reputation, whereas if they had been allowed to remain in public, I’m convinced that they would have all died in obscurity decades ago. In other words, less “BAN VIDEO SADISM NOW” and more “LET’S WATCH SOMETHING THAT’S ACTUALLY GOOD”.

    Zombie Flesh Eaters is available to stream on Arrow and on Limited Edition 4K UHD from 28 July

    Information and support for anyone affected by rape or sexual abuse issues is available from the following organisations. In the UK, Rape Crisis offers support on 0808 500 2222 in England and Wales, 0808 801 0302 in Scotland, or 0800 0246 991 in Northern Ireland. In the US, Rainn offers support on 800-656-4673. In Australia, support is available at 1800Respect (1800 737 732). Other international helplines can be found at ibiblio.org/rcip/internl.html

    Continue Reading

  • ‘A plea for connection’: Gaza musicians bring the Levant to Sydney Opera House | Australian music

    ‘A plea for connection’: Gaza musicians bring the Levant to Sydney Opera House | Australian music

    As long as you can hear a beat or someone singing, you can dabke.

    “The official definition, if there is one for dabke, is when a group of people dance together, usually in a synchronised way,” Tareq Halawa says.

    Unofficially, the musician continues, the dabke is when a group of people jump in no particular order, prompted by the sound of music. Sometimes the only beat is the sound of feet hitting the floor, without a drum.

    “All the beat and rhythm that you need actually comes from the stomping,” he says. “It’s an expression of our culture. It can be an expression of our joy, frustration – a show of power.”

    A celebration of the Levantine folk dance forms part of Dabke and Tatreez, an Artists for Peace event showing at the Sydney Opera House on Sunday.

    There, Halawa will play the riq – one of the world’s oldest instruments.

    It is “like a tambourine but it’s especially for Arabic music,” Palestinian musician Seraj Jelda says.

    ‘What this means to me … is that I am seen and heard and accepted here in Australia’: Tareq Halawa at rehearsals. Photograph: Jessica Hromas/The Guardian

    Jelda, who played with the Edward Said National Conservatory of Music in Gaza before fleeing Israel’s bombardment for Australia a year ago, will play the riq and oud on Sunday.

    He’s one of an ensemble of 10 artists performing at the event, which brings together musicians and dancers with Palestinian, Lebanese, Turkish, Indonesian and Cypriot heritage.

    “It means a lot because we are delivering our culture, our songs,” Jelda says.

    ‘A window of understanding’

    From the routine of harvest, joys of weddings and honouring of family matriarchs to being forced to leave a homeland, the event’s repertoire is “a journey through people’s lives”, Halawa says.

    Most pieces come from before the 1948 Nakba – “how our grandfathers, and our ancient people, [were] singing their songs,” Jelda says.

    “Once they want to collect vegetables and fruits and olives … they start singing these songs. Once they want to get married, they sing these songs for the groom and for the bride.

    “Some songs will talk about the Nakba and how songs are transferred from cultural and happy songs to songs that talk about Palestine and how it was occupied and our land was stolen.”

    Halawa says Sunday’s show is “a window of understanding” into the Levant culture.

    From Gaza to Bankstown, these Palestinian musicians are protesting via performance – video

    “What this means to me … is that I am seen and heard and accepted here in Australia, with the background and the culture that I bring with me,” the Palestinian, Syrian and Turkish musician says. He has lived in Australia for 12 years.

    “The language of storytelling and music is so universal that it’s compelling, and having that as our medium of conversing with Australia is important.”

    As Israel continues its bombardment of Gaza – which has destroyed cultural heritage sites across the strip – Halawa says the performance becomes “more than just sharing of culture and understanding and music”.

    “It’s a plea for connection,” he says. “It also means that it’s part of our contribution as performers to lifting the injustice.”

    It has made Halawa reflect on “what these songs actually mean”.

    Musicians Majdi Jelda and Ayşe Göknur Shanal. Photograph: Jessica Hromas/The Guardian

    A song telling the story of a person leaving home, for example, wields the meaning “that it’s not about the taste of the food as much as the togetherness, the caring and connection with the land and with one another, endurance as a collective thing”.

    “Now that I need to convey its content and its spirit, it led me to really rethink these stories and what they mean and what the original authors were thinking and experiencing that potentially led to them writing these stories.”

    The Opera House event is a work of cultural preservation, Ayşe Göknur Shanal says.

    Music is “one of the most important mediums in expressing culture and identity and heritage and tradition”.

    “There are songs for celebration, for grief, lamenting,” the Turkish-Cypriot Australian curator and opera singer says. “You dance in anger, and you dance in love and passion and celebration.”

    Shanal felt a sense of urgency to perform.

    “I feel like the complacency of the arts industry and sector has propelled the urgency in me,” she says.

    “The silence has propelled the urgency in me. We are proponents of arts and culture and heritage and history … and to see Palestinian music being absent from the musical vernacular and landscape frustrated me.

    “So many mosques and churches [are] being bombed in Gaza and elsewhere – that’s destroying heritage and history and culture. We are trying to protect and preserve, as opposed to what’s happening, which is destroy, erase.”

    Jelda says: “Sometimes it is sad for us to play music and do happy things [when] our families and friends [are] in Gaza facing a difficult time.

    “But it is [also] like a happy moment, because we are delivering something for them, making people know what’s happening in Palestine and Gaza.”

    Continue Reading

  • How to see China’s Tiangong space station and the ISS in the predawn sky this week

    How to see China’s Tiangong space station and the ISS in the predawn sky this week

    During this upcoming week, skywatchers across most of the U.S. and southern Canada will get an opportunity to view the two largest space vehicles now in orbit around the Earth within minutes of each other.

    They are the International Space Station (ISS) and China’s space station, Tiangong. If you are up during the predawn hours, you’ll probably be able to make a sighting of both within less than a half hour of each other.

    Continue Reading

  • Austria deports first Syrian since civil war, says more will follow – Reuters

    1. Austria deports first Syrian since civil war, says more will follow  Reuters
    2. Austria deports man to Syria for first time in 15 years  The Guardian
    3. Austria becomes first EU country to deport Syrian convict since Assad’s fall  politico.eu
    4. Austria becomes first EU country to resume deportations of refugees to Syria  Le Monde.fr
    5. Austria deports Syrian convict in EU first since Assad fall  Arab News

    Continue Reading

  • Vietnam’s New Foreign Indirect Investment Regulations Explained – Securities

    Vietnam’s New Foreign Indirect Investment Regulations Explained – Securities

    On April 29, 2025, the State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) issued
    Circular No. 03/2025/TT-NHNN (Circular 03), which provides detailed
    guidance on the opening and use of Vietnamese dong (VND) accounts
    by non-resident foreign investors engaging in indirect investment
    activities in Vietnam. Circular 03, which took effect on June 16,
    2025, amends Circular No. 06/2019/TT-NHNN of the SBV on the
    management of foreign exchange for foreign direct investment
    activities in Vietnam (Circular 06) and replaces Circular No.
    05/2014/TT-NHNN of the SBV guiding the opening and use of indirect
    investment capital accounts for implementation of foreign indirect
    investment activities in Vietnam (Circular 05).

    Below are some of the key points of Circular 03.

    Change of Account Name

    Circular 03 renames “indirect investment capital
    account” to “indirect investment account” (IIA).
    This change aligns with the terminology used in other legislation,
    ensuring consistency across Vietnam’s legal framework governing
    foreign exchange and investment activities. Additionally, by
    removing the word “capital,” the new term better
    encompasses the full range of transactions that may be conducted
    through these accounts, such as share transfer and other forms of
    indirect investment-related activities. This helps prevent
    misinterpretation and facilitates compliance for foreign investors
    operating in Vietnam.

    Account Types

    Circular 03 clearly delineates account types and investor
    residency status as follows:

    • For non-resident foreign investors: The opening and
      use of investment accounts in VND is for carrying out transactions
      related to indirect investment activities.

    • For resident foreign investors: Credit and debit
      transactions are made through payment accounts in VND in accordance
      with relevant laws.

    Additional Permitted Uses of IIAs

    In addition to the cash inflows and outflows authorized under
    Circular 05, Circular 03 introduces more cash transactions that can
    be conducted via IIAs. These include:

    • Receiving interest and other legal income when conducting stock
      purchase transactions that do not require sufficient funds when
      placing orders by foreign institutional investors under the
      securities law.

    • Receiving funds for deposits or collateral related to stock
      purchases, as well as refunds of such deposits.

    • Receiving transfers from previously opened IIAs at other
      licensed banks.

    • Payment of losses and other expenses incurred from purchasing
      securities that do not require sufficient funds when placing orders
      by foreign institutional investors.

    • Payment of fees, charges, taxes, administrative penalties, and
      other expenses associated with foreign indirect investment
      activities in Vietnam.

    These changes aim to improve transparency for foreign investors
    by clearly defining the purposes of money transfer orders, as well
    as enable authorized banks to verify, document, and process
    transactions more effectively.

    Fixing Mismatch

    Circular 03 updates Circular 06 to align with the foreign
    ownership thresholds provided in the current Law on Investment.
    Specifically, it changes references from “51% or more” to
    “more than 50%,” and from “below 51%” to
    “equal to or below 50%,” fixing a mismatch in the
    classification of foreign ownership thresholds.

    Additionally, Circular 03 introduces a 12-month transitional
    period from its effective date (i.e., by June 16, 2026), allowing
    companies previously exempt under Circular 06 time to open a Direct
    Investment Capital Account (DICA). During this period, foreign
    investors may continue using their existing IIAs to carry out
    capital contributions and share acquisition transactions until the
    new DICA is officially opened.

    Simplified IIA Opening Procedures

    Under the prevailing law, documents issued in foreign countries
    must be legalized for use in Vietnam. However, Circular 03 removes
    this legalization requirement for documents submitted by foreign
    investors to open IIAs for investment in the Vietnamese securities
    market, allowing them to submit notarized and certified documents
    under Vietnamese law or foreign law within 12 months of the
    submission date of the IIA opening application.

    The translation of foreign-language documents into Vietnamese is
    also no longer required, but is subject to mutual agreement between
    licensed banks and foreign investors. However, licensed banks must
    ensure the accuracy and compliance with Circular 03 of
    foreign-language documents, and provide certified or notarized
    translations if requested by the competent authorities.

    These reforms aim to streamline the administrative process and
    shorten the timeline for the document preparation of foreign
    investors to open IIAs.

    Opening Multiple IIAs

    Under Circular 05, foreign investors were only allowed to open
    one IIA for their indirect investment activities. This could cause
    difficulties for foreign investors (especially investment funds or
    organizations managed by many fund management companies) to
    separately manage their investment portfolios.

    To address this issue, Circular 03 permits multiple IIAs to be
    opened by foreign investors corresponding to the different issued
    securities trading codes, subject to regulatory conditions and
    applicable to the following subjects:

    • Foreign securities companies;

    • Foreign investment funds;

    • Foreign organizations managed by many foreign fund management
      companies; and

    • Investment organizations under foreign governments, or
      financial or investment organizations under an international
      financial organization of which Vietnam is a member.

    These amendments will facilitate foreign investors in monitoring
    and managing their investment portfolios on the Vietnamese stock
    market.

    Other Changes

    Circular 03 adds the following new principles:

    • Opening a joint IIA by two or more foreign holders is not

    • All money transfer orders related to foreign indirect
      investment in Vietnam must specify the purpose of the transfer.
      This requirement enables commercial banks to verify, compare, and
      retain relevant documentation, thereby ensuring proper execution of
      the transaction in accordance with regulatory guidelines.

    Circular 03 also removes the list of indirect investment forms
    in Vietnam (e.g., capital contribution and acquisition, bonds or
    other securities trading, etc.) that was specified in Circular
    05.

    Outlook

    Circular 03 aims to significantly modernize Vietnam’s
    foreign exchange management, address evolving challenges in foreign
    indirect investment, and promote the country’s appeal to
    foreign investors. This is expected to be a catalyst for further
    reforms in Vietnam’s financial and investment sectors.

    The content of this article is intended to provide a general
    guide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought
    about your specific circumstances.

    Continue Reading

  • 300-year-old pirate-plundered shipwreck that once held ‘eyewatering treasure’ discovered off Madagascar

    300-year-old pirate-plundered shipwreck that once held ‘eyewatering treasure’ discovered off Madagascar

    The archaeological investigations have revealed wooden frames from the hull of Nossa Senhora do Cabo among the ballast stones. (Image credit: Center for Historic Shipwreck Preservation)

    Archaeologists say they’ve found the submerged wreck of a sailing ship captured in 1721 near Madagascar, during one of history’s most infamous pirate raids.

    The American researchers, from the Center for Historic Shipwreck Preservation, have investigated the wreck for 16 years and now think it’s the remains of Nossa Senhora do Cabo, a Portuguese ship carrying cargo from India that was attacked and seized by pirates, among them the notorious pirate captain Olivier “The Buzzard” Levasseur.

    Continue Reading

  • Timberwolves Announce NBA 2K26 Summer League 2025 in Las Vegas Roster – NBA

    Timberwolves Announce NBA 2K26 Summer League 2025 in Las Vegas Roster – NBA

    1. Timberwolves Announce NBA 2K26 Summer League 2025 in Las Vegas Roster  NBA
    2. Bulls Finalize NBA 2K26 Summer League 2025 Roster  NBA
    3. Takeaways from Timberwolves’ Summer League roster announcement  Sports Illustrated
    4. 7-3-25 Prime Time Sports: NBA Summer League is a week away  WDAY Radio
    5. Terrence Shannon Jr. Summer League Minnesota Timberwolves schedule  Writing Illini

    Continue Reading

  • Giant world cup mural aims to encourage more girls into rugby

    Giant world cup mural aims to encourage more girls into rugby

    Joe Skirkowski

    BBC News, Bristol

    BBC A painted mural depicting England rugby player Sarah Bern and nine year old Ava-Mai smiling and looking at the artist with red and white stripes in the background and colourful arrows and stars on it. The real Ava -Mai stands with her arms folded in front of it, she is smiling at the camera and wearing a purple t shirt and denim shortsBBC

    Nine-year-old Ava-Mai says being in the mural with Sarah Bern is “really cool”

    A giant mural has been unveiled to mark the 50-day countdown until the Women’s Rugby World Cup begins.

    Bristol is one of the tournament’s host cities and the mural, which depicts England and Bristol Bears prop Sarah Bern and nine-year-old rugby player Ava-Mai, has been given pride of place at the Harbourside Amphitheatre.

    Ava-Mai and her family attended the artwork’s unveiling on Wednesday – which is part of a Rugby Football Union campaign to encourage more girls to try the sport.

    “It feels very cool for me to be next to her [Bern] on that picture – it makes me feel very famous,” said Ava-Mai.

    “If I try very hard maybe I can be a professional player just like Sarah Bern,” she added.

    Mother Corey said Ava-Mai “absolutely loves rugby and her confidence has skyrocketed”.

    “She’s made so many friends through it – I think this is just going to be so good for her,” Corey said.

    Women’s Rugby has seen a jump in popularity over recent years but some teams still struggle to encourage younger girls to play.

    Alex Teasdale, executive director of the Women’s Game at England Rugby, said: “We bid to host the world cup because we wanted to grow women’s and girl’s rugby in local communities.

    “You look at the hundreds of thousands of people that are going to walk through here over the world cup and it just puts women’s and girl’s rugby on the map and hopefully it really inspires people to take part or go and watch the matches in Bristol.

    “It’s just really important that we’re putting rugby where people can see it.”

    Bristol’s Ashton Gate stadium is one of eight host cities across the country and will show three rounds of games – including quarter and semi-final fixtures.

    Continue Reading

  • In 2032, Earth May Witness A Once-In-5,000-Year Event On The Moon

    In 2032, Earth May Witness A Once-In-5,000-Year Event On The Moon

    An asteroid discovered last year and briefly thought to be a threat to Earth has a one-in-23 chance of hitting the Moon, according to NASA estimates based on JWST data. A new paper outlines how this could be a spectacular one-in-5,000-year event, potentially ejecting material towards Earth.

    Asteroid 2024 YR4 was first discovered on December 27, 2024. Astronomers have been keeping a close eye on it ever since, as initial observations showed around a 1 percent chance that it could collide with Earth on December 22, 2032. Follow-up observations of the asteroid briefly showed a higher chance of the asteroid making an impact. At 3.1 percent, it briefly became considered the most dangerous space object since tracking began.

    Thankfully, as repeatedly predicted by astronomers during that slightly nervous time, as more observations came in, the chances of impact with Earth fell dramatically, and now stand at around 0.004 percent.

    But the Moon may not be so lucky.

    “The odds of an impact into the Moon have always been there. It’s been lower at that time because the Earth [was] a bigger target,” planetary scientist Dr Andrew Rivkin, from Johns Hopkins University in Maryland, told IFLScience back in April. 

    “The way that the orbit improved made the position move away from the Earth, but it moved toward the Moon. So there’s like almost a 4 percent chance it’s going to hit the Moon. That means there’s a better than 96 percent chance it’s going to miss the Moon, but if it did hit the Moon, it really would be pretty spectacular!”

    Back then the object had a 3.8 percent chance of hitting our natural satellite, but following further observations by JWST and analysis by NASA’s Center for Near-Earth Object Studies at the agency’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Southern California, NASA have updated the chance of impact with the Moon on December 22, 2032, to 4.3 percent. On that date, it will pass around 0.00007 Astronomical Units (AU) of the Moon, with 1 AU being the distance between the Earth and the Sun.

    Diagram showing the position uncertainty of asteroid 2024 YR4.

    Image credit: NASA/JPL Center for Near-Earth Object Studies

    While an Earth impact was an intimidating prospect, astronomers are a bit more excited by the prospect of it slamming into our companion space rock. In short, it would be pretty spectacular, potentially even causing a meteor shower on Earth.

    “It would be visible from Earth and there would even be new lunar meteorites that would arrive on Earth (nothing dangerous), but there is no guarantee,” Richard Moissl, the head of the European Space Agency’s Planetary Defence Office, told IFLScience back in February. “Definitely, a new observable moon crater would be the outcome!”

    NASA stresses that the asteroid hitting the lunar surface would not alter the Moon’s orbit. However, a new study led by Paul Wiegert, professor of physics at the University of Western Ontario, suggests that it could release around the equivalent of 6.5 megatons of TNT in energy, leaving the Moon with a crater around 1 kilometer (0.62 miles) in diameter.

    “If 2024 YR4 strikes the Moon in 2032, it will (statistically speaking) be the largest impact in approximately 5,000 years,” the team explains in their paper. “We estimate that up to 108 kg of lunar material could be liberated in such an impact by exceeding lunar escape speed.”

    Attempting to model various impacts, the team found that the ejected Moon debris could cause spectacular meteor showers on Earth. While this would be an amazing sight for the layperson, and meteorites making it to the surface of Earth is not ruled out, it could be a nightmare for any governments or organizations with satellites in orbit.

    “The lunar ejecta-associated particle fluence at 0.1 – 10 mm sizes could produce upwards of years to of order a decade of equivalent background meteoroid impact exposure to satellites in near-Earth space late in 2032,” the team explains, adding, “the instantaneous flux could reach 10 to 1,000 times the background sporadic meteor flux at sizes which pose a hazard to astronauts and spacecraft.”

    “Our results demonstrate that planetary defense considerations should be more broadly extended to cis-lunar space and not confined solely to near-Earth space.”

    According to the team, ejected material could pose hazards to the Lunar Gateway, surface operations on the Moon as ejecta falls back towards it, as well as satellites in Earth orbit.

    “There is some risk but it depends a lot on exactly where the asteroid impacts, if at all. We will probably know this soon after the asteroid returns to visibility (it’s too far/faint to see at the moment) in 2028,” Wiegert explained to IFLScience. “But I understand that NASA is already considering how to respond, if necessary.”

    In short, it would be a spectacular and rare event, that you may even get to gawp at in the form of a meteor shower. The impact itself may be harder to spot, though not impossible.

    “If the impact happens on the side of the Moon towards the Earth, the impact will be visible though hard to catch,” Wiegert added. “There will be a brief bright flash followed by a dust cloud that will disperse over a few minutes. But the cloud and the resulting crater (which will be about a km across) will be near the limit of what can be clearly seen from Earth. Spacecraft in orbit will get a much better view.”

    With the odds of impact still low, we might not get this space treat. Right now, the asteroid is too far from human telescopes to get a good look at it, but we will get another look at it before it makes its close approach in 2032.

    “Asteroid 2024 YR4 is now too far away to be observed with space-based or ground-based telescopes,” NASA explained in a statement. “NASA expects to make further observations when the asteroid’s orbit around the Sun brings it back into the vicinity of Earth in 2028.”

    The paper is submitted to the American Astronomical Society and is available on pre-print server arXiv.

    Continue Reading