Introduction
Orthopedic surgery is one of the most frequently performed procedures worldwide, with millions of joint arthroplasties, spinal reconstructions, limb operations, and trauma-related interventions annually.1–3 Blood pressure…

Orthopedic surgery is one of the most frequently performed procedures worldwide, with millions of joint arthroplasties, spinal reconstructions, limb operations, and trauma-related interventions annually.1–3 Blood pressure…