Introduction
The coinfection of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV (TB-HIV) imposes a significant burden on developing countries. In 2023, TB infected 10.8 million individuals worldwide and resulted in 1.25 million deaths, of which 161,000 occurred in…

The coinfection of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV (TB-HIV) imposes a significant burden on developing countries. In 2023, TB infected 10.8 million individuals worldwide and resulted in 1.25 million deaths, of which 161,000 occurred in…