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The electrification of Brazil’s heavy-duty trucking sector represents a critical opportunity to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, improve air quality, and enhance public health. While Brazil’s long-standing reliance on biofuels has leveraged domestic resources and infrastructure, this strategy is best viewed as a transitional measure that may not fully meet the country’s long-term climate and economic objectives. 

Electrification offers a strategic pathway to decarbonize road freight, drawing on international experience from jurisdictions such as the European Union and the United States. It aligns with Brazil’s national sustainability commitments and can deliver substantial co-benefits for the environment, public health, and economic resilience.

Realizing this transition will require coordinated action across government, industry, and civil society. Public sector leadership—through robust regulatory frameworks, targeted incentives, and investment in infrastructure—will be essential. Energy providers, logistics operators, municipalities, and vehicle manufacturers all have complementary roles in developing a supportive ecosystem for zero-emission freight. Manufacturers remain key stakeholders by contributing to innovation and adapting vehicle offerings to the Brazilian context. However, the success of the transition hinges on whole-of-sector collaboration, guided by coherent policies and supported by public and private investment.

This report presents international case studies, quantifies environmental and economic impacts, and outlines actionable recommendations to inform decision-making. It aims to support policymakers, industry leaders, and other stakeholders in accelerating the electrification of Brazil’s heavy-duty vehicle fleet, in line with national goals to reduce emissions and improve public health.