Princess Eugenie wished her sister Princess Beatrice a happy birthday on Instagram.
Her new post included never-before-seen photos of the royal siblings.
“My big sissy, the best in the entire world,” Eugenie wrote in the caption.
Princess Eugenie rang in her sister Princess Beatrice’s 37th birthday with a sweet Instagram post on Friday, sharing previously unseen photos of the royal siblings.
“Happy happy birthday to my dearest Beabea… my big sissy, the best in the entire world,” Eugenie captioned her latest carousel.
Eugenie’s slideshow also included a selfie of the sisters with their mother, Sarah Ferguson. In another snap, the Princesses enjoy Joe & the Juice paninis.
Earlier this summer, Eugenie blossomed in a Rebecca Vallance sundress at a speaking engagement in Nice, France. Her $800 frock, printed with orchids, featured a halter silhouette and a knotted belt at the waist.
Sarah Ferguson with Princesses Beatrice and Eugenie in an Instagram photo posted on August 8, 2025.
Princess Eugenie/Instagram
Completing her look with nude satin peep-toe mules and mushroom dangle earrings, Eugenie wore her auburn tresses in a low pony.
The Princess of York became a global ambassador for Thirty Six For Coral in May. Staged by The Coral Collective, the art exhibition supports reef conservation. Eugenie’s background as a gallerist comes in handy for her new patronage.
“My work in art as a Director at Hauser & Wirth has deeply shaped my approach to environmental advocacy because I see art as a powerful medium for storytelling, connection, and impact,” she told Marie Claire. “I’ve always loved how art can communicate complex emotions and ideas in a way that resonates deeply and personally with people.”
Princess Eugenie on June 12, 2025.
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Held at the iconic Grand-Hôtel du Cap-Ferrat in Nice, the exhibit features works from 36 artists, including Girls star Jemima Kirke and Madonna’s son Rocco Ritchie.
In May, Eugenie celebrated her son Ernest’s second birthday. The Princess also shares a four-year-old son, August, with husband Jack Brooksbank.
“Happy Birthday my darling Ernie,” she wrote in an Instagram post. “2 today! And what an incredible two years it’s been. Always smiling, always laughing, always giving hugs and hello’s and making everyone happy. My golden boy, we love you! 🥰”
(Bloomberg) — Stocks saw their best week since June, with a rally in big tech driving the Nasdaq 100 to all-time highs. Also buoying sentiment were hopes the US and Russia will reach a deal to halt the war in Ukraine. Gold whipsawed.
The S&P 500 approached 6,400, closing on the brink of a record. Apple Inc. saw its best week since 2020 amid optimism that plans to spend an additional $100 billion on domestic manufacturing may help the company avoid tariffs. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac soared on reports the US is preparing to sell shares in an offering that could start as early as this year.
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The yield on 10-year Treasuries rose three basis points to 4.28%. The dollar barely budged. Oil fluctuated. The Trump administration suggested it would issue a new policy clarifying that imports of gold bars should not face tariffs.
Donald Trump announced that he plans to meet “very shortly” with Russian President Vladimir Putin, as the US president looks to broker a ceasefire agreement in hopes of bringing an end to the war in Ukraine.
Bret Kenwell at eToro said momentum has been strong in equities, with both technicals and fundamentals working in bulls’ favor.
“While an unexpected risk could develop in the second half of 2025, earnings have been better-than-expected and the Fed is inching closer to lower interest rates,” he noted. “As long as the economy holds up, there are catalysts in play for stocks to continue higher.”
Trump said tariffs are “having a huge positive impact on the stock market,” adding that “almost every day, new records are set.” Hundreds of billions of dollars are “pouring into our country’s coffers,” he noted.
“Markets rebounded strongly this week with a clear ‘buy on the dip’ mentality,” said Florian Ielpo at Lombard Odier Investment Managers. “While market sentiment appeared to be waning last week, with subdued reactions to earnings beats, this week clearly demonstrated a different trend.”
And that begs the question: are we close to a solid ceiling?
“Our risk appetite indicator shows improvement from last week, but clearly has room to grow,” Ielpo said.
At Piper Sandler, Craig Johnson says that while the summer doldrums often lead to modest pullbacks in August and September, investors who have doubted this rally are now forced to “buy the dips… and not sell the rips.”
Despite the solid rebound, nearly $28 billion was redeemed from US stocks in the week through Aug. 6, while money market funds attracted about $107 billion, according to a Bank of America Corp. note citing EPFR Global data.
“With the major indexes at or near record highs, valuations are rich, and stock selection and diversification are more important than ever,” said Daniel Skelly at Morgan Stanley’s Wealth Management Market Research & Strategy Team.
On the macro front, BofA’s Michael Hartnett said a majority of the bank’s clients are betting on a “Goldilocks” outcome, which implies an economy that’s running neither too hot nor too cold. He said investors expect a scenario where lower rates would fuel a rally in equities.
Kenwell at eToro says that it would be a healthy price action for stocks to consolidate after a big rally — either by pulling back or digesting the move by trading sideways.
“This pullback would likely be viewed as an opportunity for investors to buy the dip rather than run for the hills,” Kenwell said.
“We believe stocks will stay supported amid solid fundamentals, but fresh headlines in the coming week may challenge investor sentiment that remains vulnerable to tariff, economic, and geopolitical risks,” said Ulrike Hoffmann-Burchardi at UBS Global Wealth Management.
The next significant directional move in the market will be driven by fundamentals, either through macro resilience driving earnings estimates higher or further cracks in the labor market driving increased recession concerns, according to Mark Hackett at Nationwide.
“Given the moderation in technical indicators and the sluggish seasonal shift, a period of consolidation is not unexpected or unhealthy,” he said.
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis President Alberto Musalem said he supported last week’s decision by policymakers to leave interest rates steady, adding the US central bank is still missing more on the inflation side of its mandate.
Traders will soon shift their focus to next week’s release of US inflation numbers for clues on the Fed’s next steps.
“We expect the July CPI report to show that core inflation gained additional momentum,” according to strategists at TD Securities.
Corporate Highlights:
Meta Platforms Inc. has selected Pacific Investment Management Co. and Blue Owl Capital Inc. to lead a $29 billion financing for its data center expansion in rural Louisiana as the race for artificial intelligence infrastructure heats up, according to people with knowledge of the matter. Tesla Inc. is disbanding its Dojo team and its leader will leave the company, according to people familiar with the matter, upending the automaker’s effort to build an in-house supercomputer for developing driverless-vehicle technology. Intel Corp. Chief Executive Officer Lip-Bu Tan said he’s got the full backing of the company’s board, responding for the first time to US President Donald Trump’s call for his resignation over conflicts of interest. SoftBank Group Corp. is the buyer taking ownership of Foxconn Technology Group’s electric vehicle plant in Ohio, a move aimed at kick-starting the Japanese company’s $500 billion Stargate data center project with OpenAI and Oracle Corp. Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. reported a 26% growth spurt in July, adding to evidence of accelerating spending on artificial intelligence. Expedia Group Inc. raised its full-year sales target after reporting strong second-quarter bookings, fueled mainly by its enterprise business as well as improved demand from US consumers. Pinterest Inc. reported second-quarter sales that beat analysts’ expectations, but earnings for the second quarter were less than Wall Street expected and user growth in the US and Canada, the company’s most lucrative market, was flat. Under Armour Inc. forecast worse-than-expected sales and profit for the current quarter, stalling a turnaround plan that was taking hold. Gilead Sciences Inc. lifted its full-year outlook after strong HIV drug sales in the second quarter helped revenue and earnings modestly beat analyst expectations. Wendy’s Co. cut its full-year sales guidance after posting a bigger-than-expected quarterly decline, highlighting the economic pressures weighing on the chain’s US business. Instacart posted its strongest order growth since 2022 for a second straight quarter and beat earnings estimates for the current period, a sign of resilience in its core delivery business after it rolled out initiatives to cater to price-conscious consumers. Trade Desk Inc. reported second-quarter results that spurred multiple downgrades. Firms note growing concerns about competition from Amazon.com Inc. Sweetgreen Inc. slashed its sales guidance after a second straight quarter of disappointing results, highlighting the salad chain’s struggles to sell $15 salads to budget-strained diners. What Bloomberg Strategists say…
“An improving geopolitical backdrop has become a headwind for oil prices, especially as peace in Ukraine looks closer. Traders will now increasingly look past geopolitical hurdles, leaving the market uncomfortably exposed to uncertain demand and rising supply.”
—Michael Ball, Macro Strategist, Markets Live
For the full analysis, click here.
Some of the main moves in markets:
Stocks
The S&P 500 rose 0.8% as of 4 p.m. New York time The Nasdaq 100 rose 0.9% The Dow Jones Industrial Average rose 0.5% The MSCI World Index rose 0.7% Bloomberg Magnificent 7 Total Return Index rose 1.6% The Russell 2000 Index rose 0.2% Currencies
The Bloomberg Dollar Spot Index was little changed The euro fell 0.2% to $1.1643 The British pound was little changed at $1.3450 The Japanese yen fell 0.4% to 147.75 per dollar Cryptocurrencies
Bitcoin fell 0.7% to $116,464.8 Ether rose 4.8% to $4,062.95 Bonds
The yield on 10-year Treasuries advanced three basis points to 4.28% Germany’s 10-year yield advanced six basis points to 2.69% Britain’s 10-year yield advanced five basis points to 4.60% The yield on 2-year Treasuries advanced three basis points to 3.76% The yield on 30-year Treasuries advanced three basis points to 4.85% Commodities
Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell conducts a news conference after a meeting of the Federal Open Market Committee on Wednesday, July 30, 2025.
Tom Williams | CQ-Roll Call, Inc. | Getty Images
U.S. President Donald Trump’s team is reviewing new contenders to lead the Federal Reserve once Chair Jerome Powell’s term ends in May, including a longtime economic consultant and a past regional Fed president, the Wall Street Journal reported on Friday.
The 10 or so people on the newly expanded list include former St. Louis Fed President James Bullard and Marc Sumerlin, a former economic adviser to President George W. Bush, WSJ said, citing officials. Trump last week said he had narrowed the list to four.
National Economic Council director Kevin Hassett and former Fed governor Kevin Warsh remain under consideration, along with current Fed governor Christopher Waller, WSJ said. Reuters has previously reported that these three are candidates, but could not immediately verify the rest of the report.
Trump has been criticizing Powell all year for not cutting rates, building on disappointment with the Fed chief that emerged during his first term as president shortly after he elevated Powell to the Fed chair role.
It was not clear what a broader list of candidates would mean for the timing of an appointment. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent is helping lead the search.
The president moved quickly to name an ally to the Fed Board this week after Fed Governor Adriana Kugler, a Biden appointee who did not support rate cuts, unexpectedly resigned as of the end of this week. Council of Economic Advisers Stephen Miran will serve out the remaining months of Kugler’s term, which ends on January 31.
Trump has indicated a search continues for someone who could fill the Fed Board role for a 14-year term beginning February 1.
Jen Pawol will become the first female umpire in a regular-season MLB game. (Photo by Rich Storry/Getty Images)
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On Saturday, umpire Jen Pawol will shatter a glass ceiling when she becomes the first woman to officiate a Major League Baseball regular-season game. But breaking the barrier is just the start. Pawol will likely face intense scrutiny during her first years in the MLB..
Pawol has umped spring training MLB games, as have other women, but Saturday will be the first time a female umpire will officiate a regular season game. She’s scheduled to be a base umpire for the Atlanta Braves and Miami Marlins game on Saturday. On Sunday, she’ll be behind the plate calling balls and strikes for the same teams.
Baseball has been slower than most major leagues to bring women into its officiating ranks. The NBA introduced female referees in 1997 and currently has eight full-time female officials. In the NFL, the first female official was hired in 2015, and, in 2021, Sarah Thomas became the first woman to officiate in a Super Bowl.
Now, a woman will have a shot at officiating in baseball, and Pawol has prepared. She told AP News that she had umpired in over 1,200 minor league games. Still, MLB fans seem skeptical that a woman can or should officiate in a man’s game. When Minor League Baseball announced Pawol’s historic debut in the Majors on X, some offered congratulations, but fans of the sport were not shy about expressing their doubts. Some fixated on Pawol’s appearance, many dismissed her as a DEI hire, and several predicted a major failure. “RIP baseball,” one commented. And, all this before she’s even stepped on the field.
Many of the comments on X questioned whether a woman could have the decisiveness that the job demands. While decisiveness is critical for all leaders, it is particularly important for umpires, who make over 150 calls per game when they’re behind the plate. Women are often stereotyped as less decisive than men, but, in reality, studies show that women and men are equally capable of making decisions quickly.
Once Pawol gets her opportunity on the field, her decisions will likely be scrutinized more closely than those of her male peers. All umpires face constant criticism—it comes with the job. But, as a woman in the role, Pawol will likely face even more.
Research shows that women in male-dominated positions (like professional sports officiating) are judged more harshly for making a mistake than their male counterparts. Mistakes are unavoidable, but unlike most jobs, umpiring comes with an immediate public assessment. Close calls are rebroadcast, and the strike zone is superimposed on the screen, allowing fans to second-guess every ball and strike. Even the best umpires miss a dozen or more calls each game, and if Pawol’s accuracy falls even slightly below that standard, she will likely face plenty of pushback.
Even if she has a good first outing, Pawol won’t get to relax. Women in jobs typically held by men also face “prove-it-again” bias, where they are forced to prove their abilities and worth over and over again.
Next year MLB plans to implement the Automated Ball-Strike (ABS) challenge system. Under that system, human umpires will still make the initial call, but pitchers, catchers and batters can challenge ball and strike calls, and the technology will be used to determine the final ruling. Time will tell if players are quicker to challenge her calls than those of male umpires.
When Violet Palmer and Dee Kanter, the NBA’s first female referees, took to the court in 1997, they also received their share of negative feedback. Social media wasn’t a thing yet, but big-name players like Charles Barkley and Dennis Scott were not on board with female referees. Player Tim Hardaway thought a female ref was a “horrible” idea. Cedric Maxwell, a former Celtic, said while giving commentary on Boston radio that Palmer should “get back in the kitchen…and fix me some bacon and eggs.”
Now that everyone has a platform to weigh in on women’s progress, the backlash feels even louder. Indeed, when the NFL hired their first female referee in 2015, the comments on Twitter revealed the same sexist skepticism as those on Pawol. Little has changed since then.
Baseball may have been slower than other sports to bring women into officiating because girls are often steered away from baseball and into softball in high school and college. Pawol played Division 1 softball for Hofstra University.
Nonetheless, there is some change happening in baseball. Alyssa Nakken became the first female full-time MLB coach in 2022 when she joined the San Francisco Giants. And in 2020, Kim Ng became the first female general manager when she joined the Miami Marlins. And, with a new women’s professional baseball league launching next spring, the pipeline of women with experience in the sport may start to widen. As more women get involved in the sport, it should help curb some of the gender bias.
As for Pawol’s promotion, it’s good news for all women that yet another gender barrier is finally coming down. And while Pawol may have a bumpy road ahead, she’s proven that she can handle it.
The Kansas City Chiefs’ disappointing loss at the 2025 Super Bowl is one that fans of the team — including Taylor Swift and MGK — will remember all too well.
Both musicians were present at the big game against the Philadelphia Eagles in February, with the pop star there to support boyfriend Travis Kelce and the former rapper on site to cheer on Kansas City before performing at the team’s afterparty later that night. But while hopes that the Chiefs could snag a “three-peat” Super Bowl win were high at the beginning of the game, they quickly faltered as the Eagles kept scoring to win 40-22 — something MGK reflected on talking to Swift about that day in an interview with ABC News on Wednesday (Aug. 6).
“I was in Travis’ suite, and at the beginning of it, Taylor was like, ‘Hell yeah, we’re gonna come watch you perform, it’s gonna be crazy tonight,’” the musician began. “Internally, I was stoked. I was like, ‘Oh what a legendary night this is gonna be.’”
“By the third quarter, dude, I was looking at that score,” he continued, laughing at the memory. “I went up to Taylor, I was like, ‘Y’all aren’t coming tonight, huh?’ She was like, ‘I don’t think so, man. I’ll see if I can get [Travis] to get out, but I don’t think [so].’”
MGK still had to perform at the losing team’s post-game party in New Orleans that night — a gig he does not recommend to other artists. “Don’t ever sign yourself up for that,” he said before joking, “Wait to sign the paper ’til third quarter or something, ’til it looks like it’s going one way or the other.”
But while the afterparty was a little bit grim, MGK will always support Kelce — a fellow Ohioan — and the rest of the Chiefs. “That’s my dawg,” the artist added of the athlete. “He’s from Cleveland. He’s from right next to where I’m from.”
Shortly after the interview, MGK went on to release his new album, Lost Americana, on Friday (Aug. 8). With none other than Bob Dylan in his corner during the rollout, his rootsy new project marks a shift away from the hip-hop and pop-punk genres he previously experimented with.
As for the Chiefs, Kelce and his teammates have been hard at work training for the upcoming season, which kicks off in early September. And after becoming a mainstay at Arrowhead Stadium throughout the past two NFL seasons after beginning her romance with the tight end in 2023, Swift is expected to appear at even more games this year now that she’s finished her global Eras Tour.
Watch MGK recall his conversation with Swift at the Super Bowl below.
Inter Milan-linked forward Christopher Nkunku is not part of the Chelsea squad to face Bayer Leverkusen in a friendly match.
In addition to the Frenchman, striker Nico Jackson is also absent.
Inter Milan have been keeping tabs on the situation of Chelsea forward Christopher Nkunku.
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The Nerazzurri have been aware of the opportunity to sign the 27-year-old former RB Leipzig forward for some time. He is a player Chelsea are desperate to sell this summer.
Nkunku would cost a fee of around €40 million. That is certainly attainable for Inter. After all, it is what they initially bid for Ademola Lookman.
Inter Target Christopher Nkunku Out Of Chelsea Squad Vs Bayer Leverkusen
LONDON, ENGLAND – FEBRUARY 25: Christopher Nkunku of Chelsea celebrates scoring his team’s first goal by blowing up a blue balloon during the Premier League match between Chelsea FC and Southampton FC at Stamford Bridge on February 25, 2025 in London, England. (Photo by Justin Setterfield/Getty Images)
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A key part of the reason why Nkunku would be available is the fact that he is not in Chelsea’s plans.
The Blues signed Nkunku just two years ago. They brought the Frenchman in on a big money deal from RB Leipzig.
However, Nkunku has never really lived up to expectations at Stamford Bridge.
This is reflected in the fact that the 27-year-old is not a part of Chelsea’ squad to face Bayer Leverkusen in a preseason friendly this evening.
Therefore, it looks to be clear that Nkunku is available this evening.
NEW YORK, Aug. 08, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Lithios Beverages, an innovator in functional drinks inspired by the energizing potential of lithium, just wrapped up a slate of in-store sampling events across Manhattan and Brooklyn, including at Fairway Gardens Kips Bay, Brooklyn Fair, and 2131 Broadway Street. Led by Alex and Tina Genzer, Lithios Beverages stands out with its unique fusion of flavor and function.
Recent samplings saw enthusiastic crowds exploring Lithios Beverages’ trio of standout flavors: Berry, Electric Lime, and Orange Mango. “The feedback has been incredible. Everyone connects with different flavors, and the positive energy at our events was contagious,” said Tina Genzer.
The spontaneous excitement around the upcoming launch of Brain Fuel+ Hydration Drink Mix was undeniable, with guests eagerly reserving their spots after learning about its breakthrough formula. Crafted with a mineral-rich base and enhanced by Max Catalyst™ for faster absorption, it delivers 71+ trace minerals from ConcenTrace®, essential electrolytes, Vitamin C, and B12—all in a clean, highly bioavailable format.
Science-backed functional ingredients like GeniusPure® Alpha GPC and SalidroPure® Salidrosides support immunity, focus, mental clarity, and natural energy, while helping the body adapt to stress and combat fatigue. Consumers are invited to sign up online ahead of the official launch to receive 10% off their first order.
Dustin Elliott, chief brand officer at NNB Nutrition, shared: “Lithios Beverages captures what NNB stands for—real progress in human performance. GeniusPure® is the most concentrated, clinically researched Alpha GPC, shown to improve cognitive function with just one serving. And SalidroPure™ delivers 99% pure, naturally fermented salidrosides, offering a sustainable alternative to Rhodiola without compromising potency.”
The interactive environment saw customers trying creative flavor combinations and brainstorming cocktail ideas, showing buzz building up for Lithios Beverages’ next product line. “The energy was remarkable. People started blending flavors, exchanging recipes, and already envisioning new ways to enjoy our Brain Fuel+ Hydration Drink Mix,” noted co-founder Alexander Genzer. “Clearly, New Yorkers are looking for hydration that truly supports mind and body.”
Lively testimonials continue to flood the company’s Instagram (@drinklithiosbeverages). Lithios Beverages also recently made its Times Square debut with stunning billboard spots. This overwhelming support has prompted Fairway Markets to request more sampling events and secure additional inventory.
Industry recognition is following suit. Lithios Beverages was spotlighted in GI’s recent “Companies to Watch” report, drawing attention to the broader growth of functional drinks inspired by the dynamic properties associated with lithium. The report, which highlights the functional beverage sector through 2033, can be accessed in the Press and Media area of the Lithios Beverages website.
“We’re honored by the excitement and curiosity Lithios Beverages is generating,” said Tina Genzer. “Just as lithium powers modern technology, Lithios Beverages energizes everyday wellness. Our upcoming Brain Fuel+ Hydration will go even further to meet today’s needs for clarity, resilience, and refreshment.”
Lithios Beverages is continuing in-store sampling across NYC throughout July, with more events planned for September. It has also opened a round for early-stage investors.
For more information, visit https://www.drinklithios.com or follow @drinklithiosbeverages on Instagram.
Contact information: Tina Genzer Lithios Beverages Website: https://www.drinklithios.com/ contact@drinklithios.com
A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/183e3e72-ba7a-4434-9f46-c768081c22cc
Stability analysis examines how the solutions of a system behave as time progresses, particularly in response to changes in initial conditions or parameters. Following are the key steps involved in stability analysis of system Eq. (5).
Local stability
The possible equilibria of model Eq. (5) are given below as
The local stability at equilibrium points (S_{1}), (S_{2}), (S_{3}) and (S_{4}) is determined through the sign of eigenvalues of the following Jacobian matrix (J) that is defined as
Take (J_{i})(left( {i = 1,2,3,4} right)) Jacobian matrix that is determined at equilibrium point (S_{i} left( {i = 1,2,3,4} right)).
For (S_{1}), the eigenvalues of (J_{1}) are (left( { – d,,, – sigma ,,,frac{rsigma – Qtheta }{sigma },,,alpha – omega } right)), and the system is unstable at this equilibrium point if (alpha > omega). Moreover, the eigenvalues of the (J_{2}) are
where the coefficients (A_{i} left( {i = 1,2,3,4} right)) are positive. Equation (8) has either negative or positive eigenvalues iff the following Routh–Hurwitz condition is satisfied.
Therefore, the system is stable at (S_{i} (i = 3,4)) if Eq. (9) holds.
Theorem 1
The system in Eq. (5) at equilibriums(S_{1})and(S_{2})is always unstable under the condition(alpha > omega). The system at equilibrium points(S_{i})is locally asymptotically stable iff Eq. (9) is hold.
Global stability
Now, stability of the Liapunov function is applied to determine the global stability. The following theorem illustrates the conditions of global stability.
Theorem 2
The Eq. (5) is globally stable in region(Omega)if following conditions are hold
where (m_{1}), (m_{2}) and (m_{3}) are positive constants. Equation (5) is globally stable if (frac{dV}{{dt}} < 0) at all equilibrium points. Therefore, the derivative of Eq. (11) is calculated as
Note that (a_{1} x^{2} + a_{2} xy + a_{3} y^{2}) is negatively defined if (a_{1} < 0) and (a_{2}^{2} < 4a_{1} a_{3}). Using this condition, (frac{dV}{{dt}}) is negatively defined within the region of attraction (Omega) when the provided conditions in Eqs. (10) and (11) for (m_{2}) and (m_{3}) hold.
Islamabad United players celebrate winning the PSL 9 after beating Multan Sultans in the final at the National Bank Stadium in Karachi on March 18, 2024. — PCB
KARACHI: The Pakistan Super League (PSL) has been named the world’s second most entertaining men’s franchise cricket tournament by BBC Sport, trailing only the Indian Premier League (IPL) in global rankings.
The BBC Sport report, released earlier this week, examined major T20 and short-format franchise competitions, including the IPL, PSL, SA20 in South Africa, Australia’s Big Bash League (BBL), the Caribbean Premier League (CPL), the UAE’s International League T20 (ILT20), and The Hundred in England.
The study was conducted in collaboration with cricket analytics company CricViz and measured a range of performance and entertainment-related metrics.
The evaluation considered factors such as the average number of fours and sixes per match, batting strike rates, the proportion of games decided in the final over or ball, home advantage trends, wicket-taking patterns, and the average number of international caps among starting XIs.
According to the findings, the PSL led all leagues in average first-innings scores, recording 180 runs per match, one run higher than the IPL’s 179. In terms of close finishes, the PSL had 27.5 per cent of its matches decided in the final over, second only to the IPL’s 28.9 per cent.
It also ranked second in boundaries per game, again trailing only the IPL.
When measuring player quality through international experience, the PSL averaged 351 international caps across the starting XIs, the second-highest among the leagues surveyed.
The ILT20 topped this category with an average of 423, aided by its higher allowance for overseas players.
BBC report highlighted that the PSL delivers quality, thrill and big runs, and the competition consistently produces high-scoring, competitive matches and attracts leading international cricketers.
In the “Entertainment Index,” which aggregated performance across the measured metrics, the IPL emerged as the top-ranked league, scoring 4.53 index score out of a maximum of five, followed by the PSL with 3.90 index score.
The ILT20 (2.44) was third in the entertainment index, while England’s The Hundred placed fourth, followed by CPL at 5th and SA at 6th. The BBL finished last.
Launched in 2016, the PSL has quickly grown into one of the most high-profile franchise leagues in the cricketing calendar. It features six city-based teams and has developed a reputation for producing thrilling contests, fast scoring rates, and opportunities for emerging Pakistani talent to compete alongside and against some of the game’s biggest names.
