September brought a series of pivotal updates in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment, including FDA regulatory decisions, late-breaking clinical trial results, and expert insights from the 2025 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer’s World Conference on Lung Cancer.
Highlights include breakthrough therapy designations for frontline zongertinib (Hernexeos) and olomorasib plus pembrolizumab (Keytruda), fast track designations for TT125-802, important survival and progression outcomes from the phase 3 FLAURA2 (NCT04035486) and HARMONi (NCT06396065) trials, and discussions on the growing role of comprehensive molecular testing and emerging therapies like sunvozertinib (Zegfrovy), underscoring the ongoing evolution of personalized care in lung cancer.
Check out this month-in-review recap of OncLive’s coverage of the top news and expert insights in lung cancer:
FDA Decisions
Zongertinib Receives FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation in Nonsquamous NSCLC With HER2 TKD Mutations
The FDA has granted breakthrough therapy designation to zongertinib for frontline use in adults with HER2-mutant unresectable or metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC based on results from the phase 1b Beamion LUNG-1 trial (NCT04886804) showing a 71% confirmed objective response rate and median progression-free survival (PFS) of 12.4 months at the 120-mg dose.1 This designation follows the agent’s accelerated approval for previously treated disease and reflects ongoing evaluation of its potential role earlier in the treatment course.
Olomorasib Plus Pembrolizumab Earns Breakthrough Therapy Designation in Untreated KRAS G12C–Mutated NSCLC
The regulatory agency granted breakthrough therapy designation to olomorasib plus pembrolizumab for the first-line treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic NSCLC harboring a KRAS G12C mutation and PD-L1 expression of 50% or higher, based on findings from the phase 1/2 LOXO-RAS-20001 (NCT04956640) and phase 3 SUNRAY-01 (NCT06119581) trials.2 Data from LOXO-RAS-20001 revealed an overall response rate of 74% and a disease control rate of 91%, supporting further evaluation of the combination in the ongoing SUNRAY program.
TT125-802 Earns FDA Fast Track Designations for EGFR+ and KRAS G12C+ Advanced NSCLC
The FDA has granted two fast track designations to the small molecule CBP/p300 bromodomain inhibitor TT125-802 for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC and EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R mutations after prior EGFR inhibitor exposure, and for those with KRAS G12C–mutated disease progressing following a KRAS G12C inhibitor.3 The designations are supported by early findings from the phase 1 TT-CSP-001 trial (NCT06403436), which showed signs of clinical benefit and a favorable safety profile in patients with advanced solid tumors, including NSCLC.
Conference Updates
The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer’s World Conference on Lung Cancer was held in Barcelona, Spain, and ran from September 6-9, 2025, bringing 4 days of data-driven discussions on evolving treatment paradigms, emerging therapeutic approaches, and critical progress in lung cancer care. OncLive editors spoke with several experts to spotlight the most important research to come out of the meeting—those insights can be found in this exclusive recap.4
The top updates to come out of the meeting included data from:
- The phase 3 FLAURA2 trial, which showed that frontline osimertinib (Tagrisso) plus chemotherapy led to a statistically significant and clinically meaningful overall survival (OS) improvement vs osimertinib monotherapy in patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC.5
- The phase 3 HARMONi trial (NCT06396065), which demonstrated that treatment with ivonescimab plus carboplatin and pemetrexed led to a significant and clinically meaningful PFS improvement vs placebo plus carboplatin/pemetrexed for the treatment of patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC after disease progression following a third-generation TKI.6
At the meeting, Chandler Park, MD, MSc, FACP, of Nortion Cancer Institute, and Eric K. Singhi, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, hosted OncLive News Network: On Location from the ground in Barcelona, where they further unpacked the top updates from the meeting with several expert guests,7 including:
- Luis E. Raez, MD, of Memorial Cancer Institute (Day 1)
- Suresh S. Ramalingam, MD, FACP, FASCO, of Winship Cancer Institute (Day 1)
- Narjust Florez, MD, of Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center (Day 2)
- Joshua K. Sabari, MD, of NYU Langone Health’s Perlmutter Cancer Center (Day 2)
- Coral Olazagasti, MD, and Estelamari Rodriguez, MD, MPH, both of the University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (Day 3)
- Tina Roy, MD, of MedStar Georgetown University Hospital (Day 3)
Spotlight on Additional Expert Insights
Targeted Therapies Drive Demand for Comprehensive Biomarker Testing in NSCLC
In a recent feature, lung cancer experts delved into the evolving NSCLC treatment paradigm, highlighting that the expansion of targeted therapies has increased the importance of comprehensive molecular testing, including both DNA- and RNA-based platforms, as well as immunohistochemistry for PD-L1, HER2, and MET. They emphasized that although tissue-based testing remains the gold standard, barriers such as insufficient tissue and access limitations make liquid biopsy and repeat sampling critical, and emerging technologies like artificial intelligence could help streamline testing, improve result interpretation, and ultimately support more personalized therapeutic approaches.
Sunvozertinib Approval Fills Treatment Gap in Pretreated EGFR Exon 20–Mutant NSCLC
In a recent interview, Lyudmila A. Bazhenova, MD,8 University of California San Diego (UCSD) and UCSD Moores Cancer Center, outlined the clinical significance of the FDA approval of sunvozertinib for patients with NSCLC and EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations, reviewed key design elements and findings from the WU-KONG1B trial (NCT03974022), and emphasized how this decision reinforces the therapeutic role of EGFR TKIs in this molecular subset.
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References
- FDA grants HERNEXEOS breakthrough therapy designation for first line use in HER2 (ERBB2)-mutant advanced NSCLC. News release. Boehringer Ingelheim. September 3, 2025. Accessed October 6, 2025. https://www.boehringer-ingelheim.com/us/human-health/cancer/lung-cancer/fda-grants-boehringer-breakthrough-therapy-designation
- Lilly’s olomorasib receives U.S. FDA’s Breakthrough Therapy designation for the treatment of certain newly diagnosed metastatic KRAS G12C-mutant lung cancers. News release. Eli Lilly and Company. September 4, 2025. Accessed October 6, 2025. https://investor.lilly.com/news-releases/news-release-details/lillys-olomorasib-receives-us-fdas-breakthrough-therapy
- TOLREMO Therapeutics receives two FDA fast track designations for TT125-802 in pretreated, advanced or metastatic NSCLC with either an EGFR or a KRAS-G12C mutation. News release. TOLREMO Therapeutics. August 28, 2025. Accessed October 6, 2025. https://www.tolremo.com/press-releases/2025/8/28/tolremo-therapeutics-receives-two-fda-fast-track-designations-for-tt125-802-in-pretreated-advanced-or-metastatic-nsclc-with-either-an-egfr-or-a-kras-g12c-mutation
- Flaherty C. FLAURA-2 and HARMONi trial readouts reinforce importance of ‘divide and conquer’ approach to lung cancer care at WCLC 2025. OncLive.com. September 11, 2025. Accessed October 6, 2025. https://www.onclive.com/view/flaura-2-and-harmoni-trial-readouts-reinforce-importance-of-divide-and-conquer-approach-to-lung-cancer-care-at-wclc-2025
- Planchard D, Jänne PA, Kobayashi K, et al. First-line osimertinib + chemotherapy versus osimertinib monotherapy in EGFRm advanced NSCLC: FLAURA2 final overall survival. Presented at: International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 2025 World Conference on Lung Cancer; September 6-9, 2025; Barcelona, Spain. Abstract 1956.
- Goldman JW, Passaro A, Laskin J, et al. Ivonescimab vs placebo plus chemo, phase 3 in patients with EGFR+ NSCLC progressed with 3rd gen EGFR-TKI treatment: HARMONi. Presented at: International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer 2025 World Conference on Lung Cancer; September 6-9, 2025; Barcelona, Spain. Abstract 4808.
- Park C, Singhi EK. OncLive News Network: On Location at WCLC 2025. OncLive.com. September 8-10, 2025. Accessed October 6, 2025. https://www.onclive.com/news-network/onclive-news-network-on-location-at-wclc-2025
- Flaherty C. Sunvozertinib approval fills treatment gap in pretreated EGFR exon 20–mutant NSCLC. OncLive.com. September 26, 2025. Accessed October 6, 2025. https://www.onclive.com/view/sunvozertinib-approval-fills-treatment-gap-in-pretreated-egfr-exon-20-mutant-nsclc